Social health inequalities are strongly associated with professional careers. In order to analyse in detail these links of interdependency, 4,600 men and women aged from 30 to 50 in 2006 were surveyed in 2006 and then in 2010 on their employment situation, their working conditions and their state of health. During these four years marked by the start of the economic crisis in 2008, their situation on the job market was relatively stable: 86% of the men and 73% of the women were employed in both 2006 and 2010. The reported working conditions deteriorated for those in work, without however any notable effect on their health. The global changes mask major disparities on an individual level, in the initial situations and the changes between 2006 and 2010. Six main types of pathways illustrated the diversity of the trajectories of employment, working conditions and health between 2006 and 2010. In particular, the deterioration and the improvement in exposure to psycho-social risks at work (working under pressure, tensions with the public, difficulties in reconciling work and family duties, not having the means to do quality work, etc.) are accompanied by a parallel evolution in mental health (depressive episodes or anxiety disorders).