Informations Rapides ·
18 December 2025 · n° 317
In December 2025, the business climate in manufacturing industry has rebounded, driven
by the manufacturing of transport equipment Monthly business survey (goods-producing industries) - December 2025
In December 2025, the business climate in manufacturing industry has rebounded, mainly in the manufacturing of “other transport equipment”. At 102, the synthetic indicator has gained four points, has returned above its long-term average (100), and has reached its highest level since March 2024. This increase comes from the strong improvement in the balance of opinion on the evolution of past production and from the rebound of those relating to order books. The business climate in the manufacturing of “other transport equipment” has increased by 15 points.
In December 2025, the business climate in manufacturing industry has rebounded, mainly in the manufacturing of “other transport equipment”. At 102, the synthetic indicator has gained four points, has returned above its long-term average (100), and has reached its highest level since March 2024. This increase comes from the strong improvement in the balance of opinion on the evolution of past production and from the rebound of those relating to order books. The business climate in the manufacturing of “other transport equipment” has increased by 15 points.
tableauBusiness climate in manufacturing - Composite indicator
| Business climate in manufacturing - Composite indicator | |
|---|---|
| 2025-12 | 102.3 |
| 2025-11 | 98.1 |
| 2025-10 | 100.9 |
| 2025-09 | 96.7 |
| 2025-08 | 97.1 |
| 2025-07 | 96.1 |
| 2025-06 | 96.5 |
| 2025-05 | 97.2 |
| 2025-04 | 100.0 |
| 2025-03 | 96.7 |
| 2025-02 | 97.4 |
| 2025-01 | 96.0 |
| 2024-12 | 96.6 |
| 2024-11 | 96.1 |
| 2024-10 | 92.6 |
| 2024-09 | 98.3 |
| 2024-08 | 99.4 |
| 2024-07 | 96.2 |
| 2024-06 | 99.4 |
| 2024-05 | 99.8 |
| 2024-04 | 100.4 |
| 2024-03 | 102.8 |
| 2024-02 | 101.2 |
| 2024-01 | 99.6 |
| 2023-12 | 99.0 |
| 2023-11 | 98.7 |
| 2023-10 | 98.8 |
| 2023-09 | 97.9 |
| 2023-08 | 97.0 |
| 2023-07 | 101.5 |
| 2023-06 | 100.8 |
| 2023-05 | 99.5 |
| 2023-04 | 101.1 |
| 2023-03 | 103.6 |
| 2023-02 | 103.6 |
| 2023-01 | 102.9 |
| 2022-12 | 101.1 |
| 2022-11 | 101.4 |
| 2022-10 | 103.3 |
| 2022-09 | 101.6 |
| 2022-08 | 103.6 |
| 2022-07 | 106.1 |
| 2022-06 | 108.2 |
| 2022-05 | 107.5 |
| 2022-04 | 108.4 |
| 2022-03 | 107.8 |
| 2022-02 | 111.8 |
| 2022-01 | 113.1 |
| 2021-12 | 108.8 |
| 2021-11 | 110.1 |
| 2021-10 | 107.4 |
| 2021-09 | 106.5 |
| 2021-08 | 109.3 |
| 2021-07 | 109.5 |
| 2021-06 | 107.8 |
| 2021-05 | 107.8 |
| 2021-04 | 103.7 |
| 2021-03 | 98.3 |
| 2021-02 | 97.0 |
| 2021-01 | 96.1 |
| 2020-12 | 94.0 |
| 2020-11 | 91.4 |
| 2020-10 | 93.5 |
| 2020-09 | 93.4 |
| 2020-08 | 90.7 |
| 2020-07 | 81.1 |
| 2020-06 | 77.0 |
| 2020-05 | 70.7 |
| 2020-04 | 66.8 |
| 2020-03 | 97.7 |
| 2020-02 | 100.7 |
| 2020-01 | 103.0 |
| 2019-12 | 99.1 |
| 2019-11 | 102.4 |
| 2019-10 | 99.7 |
| 2019-09 | 101.9 |
| 2019-08 | 102.2 |
| 2019-07 | 101.1 |
| 2019-06 | 102.1 |
| 2019-05 | 104.3 |
| 2019-04 | 101.7 |
| 2019-03 | 103.8 |
| 2019-02 | 103.1 |
| 2019-01 | 103.6 |
| 2018-12 | 103.6 |
| 2018-11 | 105.2 |
| 2018-10 | 104.4 |
| 2018-09 | 107.4 |
| 2018-08 | 108.8 |
| 2018-07 | 108.7 |
| 2018-06 | 109.9 |
| 2018-05 | 110.4 |
| 2018-04 | 111.2 |
| 2018-03 | 111.0 |
| 2018-02 | 112.7 |
| 2018-01 | 114.1 |
| 2017-12 | 112.2 |
| 2017-11 | 111.8 |
| 2017-10 | 111.6 |
| 2017-09 | 111.3 |
| 2017-08 | 110.2 |
| 2017-07 | 108.8 |
| 2017-06 | 109.3 |
| 2017-05 | 108.8 |
| 2017-04 | 108.9 |
| 2017-03 | 105.6 |
| 2017-02 | 106.8 |
| 2017-01 | 106.1 |
| 2016-12 | 105.8 |
| 2016-11 | 102.2 |
| 2016-10 | 102.3 |
| 2016-09 | 103.5 |
| 2016-08 | 101.6 |
| 2016-07 | 101.8 |
| 2016-06 | 101.7 |
| 2016-05 | 104.3 |
| 2016-04 | 104.9 |
| 2016-03 | 102.8 |
| 2016-02 | 103.2 |
| 2016-01 | 103.1 |
| 2015-12 | 102.8 |
| 2015-11 | 102.3 |
| 2015-10 | 103.2 |
| 2015-09 | 104.7 |
| 2015-08 | 103.7 |
| 2015-07 | 101.5 |
| 2015-06 | 100.2 |
| 2015-05 | 101.6 |
| 2015-04 | 101.5 |
| 2015-03 | 99.1 |
| 2015-02 | 98.3 |
| 2015-01 | 98.7 |
| 2014-12 | 98.7 |
| 2014-11 | 98.8 |
| 2014-10 | 97.3 |
| 2014-09 | 96.8 |
| 2014-08 | 96.5 |
| 2014-07 | 96.2 |
| 2014-06 | 96.2 |
| 2014-05 | 98.1 |
| 2014-04 | 100.3 |
| 2014-03 | 100.7 |
| 2014-02 | 98.2 |
| 2014-01 | 99.6 |
| 2013-12 | 99.1 |
| 2013-11 | 97.9 |
| 2013-10 | 97.7 |
| 2013-09 | 95.8 |
| 2013-08 | 98.3 |
| 2013-07 | 94.6 |
| 2013-06 | 92.4 |
| 2013-05 | 91.8 |
| 2013-04 | 87.2 |
| 2013-03 | 90.2 |
| 2013-02 | 90.3 |
| 2013-01 | 89.7 |
| 2012-12 | 90.6 |
| 2012-11 | 91.5 |
| 2012-10 | 86.8 |
| 2012-09 | 92.6 |
| 2012-08 | 92.7 |
| 2012-07 | 91.0 |
| 2012-06 | 93.0 |
| 2012-05 | 94.6 |
| 2012-04 | 95.5 |
| 2012-03 | 96.5 |
| 2012-02 | 94.8 |
| 2012-01 | 94.7 |
| 2011-12 | 94.6 |
| 2011-11 | 97.6 |
| 2011-10 | 97.4 |
| 2011-09 | 99.1 |
| 2011-08 | 101.3 |
| 2011-07 | 104.9 |
| 2011-06 | 109.8 |
| 2011-05 | 107.3 |
| 2011-04 | 110.2 |
| 2011-03 | 110.3 |
| 2011-02 | 106.6 |
| 2011-01 | 108.6 |
| 2010-12 | 104.0 |
| 2010-11 | 101.5 |
| 2010-10 | 103.7 |
| 2010-09 | 102.6 |
| 2010-08 | 99.8 |
| 2010-07 | 96.7 |
| 2010-06 | 95.0 |
| 2010-05 | 95.7 |
| 2010-04 | 94.1 |
| 2010-03 | 90.3 |
| 2010-02 | 87.7 |
| 2010-01 | 89.2 |
| 2009-12 | 86.3 |
| 2009-11 | 86.4 |
| 2009-10 | 84.2 |
| 2009-09 | 82.8 |
| 2009-08 | 79.9 |
| 2009-07 | 75.4 |
| 2009-06 | 73.7 |
| 2009-05 | 71.5 |
| 2009-04 | 69.9 |
| 2009-03 | 65.8 |
| 2009-02 | 67.9 |
| 2009-01 | 72.1 |
| 2008-12 | 72.5 |
| 2008-11 | 79.3 |
| 2008-10 | 86.9 |
| 2008-09 | 91.6 |
| 2008-08 | 98.2 |
| 2008-07 | 98.8 |
| 2008-06 | 103.6 |
| 2008-05 | 104.3 |
| 2008-04 | 107.7 |
| 2008-03 | 110.3 |
| 2008-02 | 110.7 |
| 2008-01 | 110.8 |
| 2007-12 | 112.8 |
| 2007-11 | 112.7 |
| 2007-10 | 110.4 |
| 2007-09 | 111.0 |
| 2007-08 | 111.5 |
| 2007-07 | 112.0 |
| 2007-06 | 111.8 |
| 2007-05 | 110.5 |
| 2007-04 | 112.4 |
| 2007-03 | 111.8 |
| 2007-02 | 112.1 |
| 2007-01 | 108.5 |
| 2006-12 | 109.4 |
| 2006-11 | 109.9 |
| 2006-10 | 107.5 |
| 2006-09 | 108.4 |
| 2006-08 | 108.9 |
| 2006-07 | 109.3 |
| 2006-06 | 108.9 |
| 2006-05 | 109.2 |
| 2006-04 | 108.1 |
| 2006-03 | 106.6 |
| 2006-02 | 106.8 |
| 2006-01 | 103.2 |
| 2005-12 | 104.1 |
| 2005-11 | 101.0 |
| 2005-10 | 101.1 |
| 2005-09 | 98.8 |
| 2005-08 | 99.5 |
| 2005-07 | 100.0 |
| 2005-06 | 98.9 |
| 2005-05 | 96.8 |
| 2005-04 | 96.5 |
| 2005-03 | 99.4 |
| 2005-02 | 102.9 |
| 2005-01 | 103.2 |
graphiqueBusiness climate in manufacturing - Composite indicator
- Source: INSEE.
tableauIndustrialists’ opinion on manufacturing industry
| Manufacturing industry | Ave.* | Sep-25 | Oct-25 | Nov-25 | Dec-25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Business climate | 100 | 97 | 101 | 98 | 102 |
| Past production | 4 | -7 | -13 | -10 | 8 |
| Finished-goods inventory | 12 | 16 | 19 | 17 | 19 |
| Overall order books | -18 | -22 | -15 | -20 | -17 |
| Foreign order books | -14 | -16 | -4 | -16 | -6 |
| Past workforce size | -8 | -4 | -5 | -6 | -2 |
| Expected workforce size | -9 | -1 | 0 | -1 | -1 |
| Personal production prospects | 6 | 8 | 19 | 14 | 11 |
| General production prospects | -7 | -13 | -11 | -9 | -7 |
| Expected trend in selling prices | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Economic uncertainty felt** | 29 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 33 |
- * Long-term average since 1976 except for the economic uncertainty felt (April 2021).
- ** Non-seasonally adjusted balance of opinion.
- Source: INSEE - Monthly business tendency survey in industry.
The balance of opinion relating to the evolution of past production has increased strongly
In December 2025, the balance of opinion associated with past production has increased again, strongly, and has returned above its average. The one relating to personal production prospects has decreased again, but remains above its own. The balance associated with general production prospects in the industry has increased for the third consecutive month and has moved back to its average. The balance of opinion on economic uncertainty felt by business leaders has increased, after three months of stability, and has moved away from its own.
The balances of opinion associated with the level of order books, both global and foreign, have rebounded and returned above their average, more markedly concerning foreign order books. These increases mainly concern the sector of “other transport equipment”.
The balance of opinion on the current level of finished goods inventories has rebounded and has moved away from its average.
The balance of opinion relating to the past evolution of workforce size has rebounded, while the one associated with its expected evolution is stable. Both stand above their average.
The balance of opinion relating to the expected trend in selling prices over the next three months is stable, below its long-term average.
The share of companies reporting being limited in their production by workforce shortage is stable, above its average. The share of those reporting sourcing difficulties as a limiting factor to their production has rebounded and has moved away from its own. In total, the proportion of companies declaring supply-side obstacles only is stable: at 24%, it stands just above its average. However, the share of companies reporting obstacles both linked to supply and demand has increased, for the third consecutive month, and has moved away from its average. Finally, the proportion of companies reporting obstacles linked to demand only has decreased: at 22%, it is well below its long-term average.
tableauShare of companies declaring obstacles limiting their production*
| Manufacturing industry | Ave.** | Sep-25 | Oct-25 | Nov-25 | Dec-25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Difficulties of supply and demand | 9 | 9 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| Sourcing difficulties | 11 | 12 | 15 | 13 | 15 |
| Workforce shortage | 9 | 11 | 13 | 11 | 11 |
| Difficulties of supply only | 22 | 24 | 23 | 24 | 24 |
| Difficulties of demand only | 39 | 29 | 25 | 25 | 22 |
- * Quaterly series from January 1991 then monthly series from May 2022.
- ** Long-term average since 1991 on monthly series (over the quarterly collection period, the point collected in the first month of each quarter was carried over identically to the following two months).
- Source: INSEE – Monthly business survey in industry.
The business climate has strongly rebounded in the manufacturing of transport equipment
In December 2025, the business climate indicator in the manufacturing of food products and beverages has fallen back markedly. At 92, it has moved away from its long-term average (100). This decrease mainly comes from the balances of opinion associated with production, both past and expected, as well as from the balance of opinion on global order books.
In the manufacturing of machinery and equipment goods, the synthetic indicator of the business climate has rebounded slightly. At 104, it has moved away from its long-term average (100). This increase mainly comes from the balances of opinion relating to past production and to foreign order books.
In the manufacturing of transport equipment, the business climate indicator has rebounded strongly. It slightly exceeds its October level, well above its long-term average (100). It has rebounded both in the sector of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers, where it has moved closer to its average, and even more strongly in “other transport equipment”, where it has returned to its very high October level, well above its average. The balance of opinion relating to the evolution of past production is the main contributor to the rebound in the sector of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers, whereas for “other transport equipment”, it is mainly driven by the balances of opinion associated with order books.
Finally, the business climate indicator in “other manufacturing” has fallen back slightly. At 96, the indicator is still below its long-term average (100). At the sub-sector levels, the climate has darkened mostly in “textiles, clothing industries, leather and footwear industry” and in “rubber and plastic products”. On the contrary, it has brightened in “wood, paper, printing” where the indicator has moved back above its average for the first time since February. The climates of the other sub-sectors are stable or almost stable.
tableauBusiness climates in a sector-based approach
| (C1) | (C3) | (C4) | (C5) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-12 | 92.1 | 103.9 | 110.7 | 96.0 |
| 2025-11 | 94.8 | 103.4 | 99.9 | 96.8 |
| 2025-10 | 90.9 | 105.9 | 110.3 | 96.1 |
| 2025-09 | 97.4 | 101.8 | 99.2 | 95.1 |
| 2025-08 | 92.9 | 97.6 | 103.6 | 95.5 |
| 2025-07 | 98.1 | 99.2 | 100.8 | 94.4 |
| 2025-06 | 98.3 | 100.5 | 101.0 | 93.8 |
| 2025-05 | 94.3 | 101.6 | 100.4 | 95.1 |
| 2025-04 | 97.1 | 99.0 | 104.7 | 95.0 |
| 2025-03 | 95.7 | 98.7 | 97.2 | 95.2 |
| 2025-02 | 97.8 | 95.9 | 101.8 | 95.1 |
| 2025-01 | 96.8 | 95.1 | 98.9 | 94.6 |
| 2024-12 | 97.5 | 96.6 | 107.8 | 92.8 |
| 2024-11 | 96.5 | 97.0 | 100.7 | 93.5 |
| 2024-10 | 95.5 | 96.3 | 96.0 | 93.3 |
| 2024-09 | 94.7 | 98.1 | 109.8 | 93.3 |
| 2024-08 | 96.5 | 96.1 | 110.9 | 95.2 |
| 2024-07 | 92.0 | 97.5 | 101.3 | 94.7 |
| 2024-06 | 93.0 | 98.6 | 110.5 | 95.5 |
| 2024-05 | 90.5 | 98.9 | 109.6 | 97.3 |
| 2024-04 | 91.8 | 96.7 | 111.5 | 96.2 |
| 2024-03 | 91.3 | 102.0 | 113.0 | 96.9 |
| 2024-02 | 87.3 | 98.3 | 111.6 | 96.9 |
| 2024-01 | 86.6 | 99.9 | 112.8 | 94.3 |
| 2023-12 | 85.8 | 98.6 | 109.3 | 94.9 |
| 2023-11 | 85.3 | 104.0 | 110.0 | 93.8 |
| 2023-10 | 84.6 | 101.5 | 112.6 | 93.9 |
| 2023-09 | 87.7 | 104.5 | 102.4 | 95.2 |
| 2023-08 | 87.2 | 102.6 | 103.2 | 95.3 |
| 2023-07 | 91.6 | 106.7 | 112.9 | 95.1 |
| 2023-06 | 87.8 | 105.3 | 105.6 | 95.0 |
| 2023-05 | 92.6 | 106.0 | 103.9 | 95.6 |
| 2023-04 | 93.5 | 109.6 | 103.5 | 98.2 |
| 2023-03 | 98.5 | 111.6 | 103.8 | 99.3 |
| 2023-02 | 102.1 | 109.8 | 104.6 | 96.8 |
| 2023-01 | 100.9 | 112.1 | 103.3 | 96.7 |
| 2022-12 | 100.1 | 112.1 | 99.6 | 95.6 |
| 2022-11 | 104.2 | 111.3 | 102.3 | 95.4 |
| 2022-10 | 108.9 | 114.4 | 104.4 | 96.2 |
| 2022-09 | 107.0 | 111.6 | 98.1 | 98.2 |
| 2022-08 | 107.2 | 113.4 | 99.8 | 100.0 |
| 2022-07 | 107.1 | 112.9 | 105.9 | 102.3 |
| 2022-06 | 108.5 | 112.2 | 102.2 | 106.2 |
| 2022-05 | 107.2 | 111.9 | 101.7 | 105.7 |
| 2022-04 | 109.0 | 113.3 | 102.2 | 109.5 |
| 2022-03 | 110.8 | 112.2 | 100.1 | 108.5 |
| 2022-02 | 111.0 | 114.8 | 104.9 | 112.1 |
| 2022-01 | 112.5 | 116.7 | 104.9 | 110.9 |
| 2021-12 | 117.7 | 116.4 | 88.3 | 112.1 |
| 2021-11 | 115.3 | 116.9 | 96.1 | 113.7 |
| 2021-10 | 113.9 | 116.2 | 89.9 | 111.2 |
| 2021-09 | 109.4 | 116.3 | 87.8 | 113.0 |
| 2021-08 | 111.1 | 120.0 | 91.8 | 113.7 |
| 2021-07 | 114.2 | 115.0 | 91.9 | 115.5 |
| 2021-06 | 117.7 | 115.1 | 90.2 | 111.2 |
| 2021-05 | 116.4 | 111.9 | 89.8 | 111.3 |
| 2021-04 | 105.5 | 112.7 | 88.8 | 108.0 |
| 2021-03 | 100.9 | 106.2 | 83.2 | 104.6 |
| 2021-02 | 94.5 | 104.9 | 89.9 | 101.6 |
| 2021-01 | 91.9 | 103.6 | 87.4 | 100.6 |
| 2020-12 | 90.6 | 94.6 | 86.6 | 101.5 |
| 2020-11 | 92.8 | 91.0 | 89.2 | 94.6 |
| 2020-10 | 94.9 | 92.8 | 90.7 | 94.9 |
| 2020-09 | 102.4 | 90.1 | 91.0 | 92.5 |
| 2020-08 | 96.4 | 89.7 | 90.1 | 88.0 |
| 2020-07 | 88.1 | 84.6 | 79.3 | 81.4 |
| 2020-06 | 91.9 | 78.5 | 76.1 | 78.5 |
| 2020-05 | 91.6 | 76.7 | 75.5 | 74.2 |
| 2020-04 | 93.2 | 76.5 | 73.4 | 72.9 |
| 2020-03 | 108.6 | 98.3 | 95.6 | 97.5 |
| 2020-02 | 107.9 | 98.8 | 100.7 | 100.3 |
| 2020-01 | 108.4 | 100.1 | 106.7 | 99.3 |
| 2019-12 | 109.0 | 96.7 | 99.5 | 97.7 |
| 2019-11 | 104.4 | 98.2 | 106.5 | 100.9 |
| 2019-10 | 106.5 | 96.2 | 100.6 | 99.2 |
| 2019-09 | 108.2 | 99.9 | 101.4 | 101.7 |
| 2019-08 | 108.4 | 99.3 | 101.3 | 102.2 |
| 2019-07 | 103.1 | 102.8 | 99.3 | 100.8 |
| 2019-06 | 109.5 | 98.2 | 100.8 | 101.1 |
| 2019-05 | 111.1 | 104.3 | 102.7 | 102.9 |
| 2019-04 | 107.0 | 101.0 | 101.8 | 101.2 |
| 2019-03 | 108.1 | 100.5 | 103.1 | 101.8 |
| 2019-02 | 108.1 | 104.3 | 100.4 | 101.3 |
| 2019-01 | 108.2 | 102.8 | 102.6 | 102.1 |
| 2018-12 | 109.0 | 102.3 | 101.9 | 102.4 |
| 2018-11 | 108.8 | 102.2 | 104.0 | 102.7 |
| 2018-10 | 103.3 | 106.6 | 103.2 | 103.1 |
| 2018-09 | 107.7 | 107.9 | 104.6 | 105.3 |
| 2018-08 | 107.6 | 107.4 | 106.0 | 106.3 |
| 2018-07 | 107.6 | 107.8 | 106.0 | 107.2 |
| 2018-06 | 110.1 | 106.9 | 110.2 | 106.1 |
| 2018-05 | 108.4 | 111.2 | 109.0 | 108.4 |
| 2018-04 | 110.1 | 109.3 | 113.6 | 108.2 |
| 2018-03 | 109.4 | 109.5 | 112.3 | 109.8 |
| 2018-02 | 110.0 | 110.2 | 112.6 | 110.3 |
| 2018-01 | 111.3 | 111.8 | 112.7 | 111.3 |
| 2017-12 | 112.0 | 110.9 | 110.3 | 110.9 |
| 2017-11 | 112.2 | 109.9 | 109.0 | 111.1 |
| 2017-10 | 112.5 | 109.3 | 108.0 | 110.8 |
| 2017-09 | 106.9 | 107.8 | 109.6 | 109.1 |
| 2017-08 | 108.6 | 106.1 | 108.3 | 108.9 |
| 2017-07 | 109.7 | 108.4 | 108.4 | 107.6 |
| 2017-06 | 112.2 | 107.7 | 104.9 | 109.0 |
| 2017-05 | 106.0 | 108.6 | 105.3 | 107.6 |
| 2017-04 | 105.4 | 106.6 | 105.8 | 108.4 |
| 2017-03 | 104.3 | 104.2 | 105.3 | 105.0 |
| 2017-02 | 105.5 | 103.5 | 106.1 | 106.4 |
| 2017-01 | 103.8 | 101.9 | 106.3 | 105.7 |
| 2016-12 | 108.8 | 103.1 | 104.5 | 105.1 |
| 2016-11 | 108.2 | 99.5 | 101.7 | 101.7 |
| 2016-10 | 107.0 | 97.3 | 105.8 | 101.4 |
| 2016-09 | 109.5 | 98.5 | 105.1 | 100.6 |
| 2016-08 | 99.7 | 98.3 | 104.1 | 101.6 |
| 2016-07 | 104.9 | 97.4 | 105.4 | 101.9 |
| 2016-06 | 103.4 | 97.1 | 106.0 | 101.6 |
| 2016-05 | 103.6 | 97.1 | 105.7 | 104.1 |
| 2016-04 | 106.3 | 100.0 | 109.2 | 101.4 |
| 2016-03 | 101.8 | 99.2 | 105.7 | 101.3 |
| 2016-02 | 100.4 | 100.8 | 109.3 | 100.0 |
| 2016-01 | 101.8 | 100.7 | 108.2 | 99.6 |
| 2015-12 | 100.2 | 98.1 | 108.1 | 101.9 |
| 2015-11 | 102.8 | 99.7 | 107.7 | 99.6 |
| 2015-10 | 104.6 | 98.1 | 108.3 | 100.0 |
| 2015-09 | 105.8 | 96.0 | 109.4 | 102.8 |
| 2015-08 | 103.4 | 97.2 | 108.7 | 101.6 |
| 2015-07 | 108.7 | 98.3 | 104.9 | 103.0 |
| 2015-06 | 105.3 | 97.1 | 105.3 | 101.0 |
| 2015-05 | 102.0 | 97.2 | 104.7 | 101.7 |
| 2015-04 | 105.0 | 96.6 | 107.0 | 100.8 |
| 2015-03 | 101.1 | 94.2 | 105.2 | 100.3 |
| 2015-02 | 99.8 | 94.9 | 100.3 | 100.4 |
| 2015-01 | 103.5 | 93.2 | 101.1 | 99.9 |
| 2014-12 | 99.5 | 91.9 | 99.3 | 100.3 |
| 2014-11 | 96.3 | 91.9 | 99.8 | 99.9 |
| 2014-10 | 95.8 | 92.4 | 96.9 | 98.6 |
| 2014-09 | 94.5 | 92.0 | 101.0 | 97.3 |
| 2014-08 | 95.9 | 93.3 | 97.5 | 100.7 |
| 2014-07 | 97.4 | 88.9 | 98.1 | 99.2 |
| 2014-06 | 95.8 | 91.5 | 97.2 | 98.6 |
| 2014-05 | 98.4 | 93.6 | 97.2 | 99.6 |
| 2014-04 | 96.1 | 92.7 | 102.2 | 100.3 |
| 2014-03 | 99.9 | 92.7 | 100.4 | 102.6 |
| 2014-02 | 99.4 | 93.6 | 97.9 | 98.4 |
| 2014-01 | 99.5 | 90.9 | 101.5 | 98.8 |
| 2013-12 | 98.3 | 91.8 | 99.1 | 99.2 |
| 2013-11 | 98.3 | 91.9 | 102.1 | 98.8 |
| 2013-10 | 95.7 | 90.0 | 103.4 | 97.7 |
| 2013-09 | 95.1 | 89.7 | 97.1 | 97.2 |
| 2013-08 | 95.6 | 91.3 | 100.9 | 97.1 |
| 2013-07 | 92.6 | 89.3 | 98.3 | 94.9 |
| 2013-06 | 92.8 | 89.0 | 94.2 | 93.2 |
| 2013-05 | 91.6 | 89.1 | 94.6 | 91.8 |
| 2013-04 | 91.7 | 89.3 | 92.5 | 89.1 |
| 2013-03 | 94.0 | 88.6 | 93.1 | 91.2 |
| 2013-02 | 98.1 | 88.7 | 94.3 | 90.1 |
| 2013-01 | 97.7 | 87.8 | 93.1 | 91.2 |
| 2012-12 | 98.9 | 87.2 | 92.2 | 91.8 |
| 2012-11 | 98.3 | 87.1 | 92.8 | 92.2 |
| 2012-10 | 91.0 | 86.0 | 96.2 | 89.3 |
| 2012-09 | 96.9 | 90.9 | 98.0 | 93.6 |
| 2012-08 | 93.9 | 90.1 | 95.2 | 93.5 |
| 2012-07 | 94.7 | 90.7 | 95.7 | 92.2 |
| 2012-06 | 95.1 | 90.8 | 95.5 | 93.7 |
| 2012-05 | 93.4 | 94.9 | 95.0 | 95.9 |
| 2012-04 | 99.3 | 95.6 | 94.5 | 97.8 |
| 2012-03 | 102.8 | 96.4 | 103.4 | 97.2 |
| 2012-02 | 100.8 | 96.1 | 93.4 | 96.0 |
| 2012-01 | 100.0 | 96.1 | 94.5 | 94.1 |
| 2011-12 | 98.7 | 96.0 | 99.9 | 94.6 |
| 2011-11 | 102.3 | 96.0 | 102.8 | 94.2 |
| 2011-10 | 104.7 | 98.3 | 100.2 | 96.5 |
| 2011-09 | 102.1 | 99.5 | 98.1 | 98.2 |
| 2011-08 | 103.8 | 100.3 | 101.7 | 100.5 |
| 2011-07 | 111.9 | 102.4 | 103.4 | 105.2 |
| 2011-06 | 108.8 | 104.1 | 109.3 | 109.2 |
| 2011-05 | 110.1 | 103.1 | 104.8 | 107.9 |
| 2011-04 | 109.3 | 104.5 | 105.7 | 110.3 |
| 2011-03 | 106.9 | 106.4 | 106.1 | 110.0 |
| 2011-02 | 107.5 | 101.6 | 98.3 | 108.7 |
| 2011-01 | 109.2 | 103.8 | 104.7 | 105.4 |
graphiqueBusiness climates in a sector-based approach
- Legend: (C1): Manufacture of food products and beverages - (C3): Machinery and equipment goods - (C4): Manufacture of transport equipment - (C5): Other manufacturing.
- Source: INSEE.
tableauBusiness climates in a sector-based approach
| NA* : (A17) and [A38 and A64] | Weights** (%) | Oct-25 | Nov-25 | Dec-25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (C1) Man. of food products and beverages | 20 | 91 | 95 | 92 |
| (C3) Machinery and equipment goods | 11 | 106 | 103 | 104 |
| [CI] Computer, electronic and optical products | 4 | 114 | 116 | 111 |
| [CJ] Electrical equipment | 3 | 107 | 99 | 105 |
| [CK] Machinery and equipment | 5 | 98 | 96 | 96 |
| (C4) Man. of transport equipment | 19 | 110 | 100 | 111 |
| [CL1] Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers | 9 | 98 | 95 | 97 |
| [CL2] Other transport equipment | 10 | 117 | 103 | 118 |
| (C5) Other manufacturing | 45 | 96 | 97 | 96 |
| [CB] Textiles, clothing industries, leather and footwear industry | 2 | 93 | 100 | 93 |
| [CC] Wood, paper, printing | 4 | 96 | 98 | 101 |
| [CE] Chemicals and chemical products | 8 | 94 | 93 | 93 |
| [CG] Rubber and plastic products | 7 | 93 | 96 | 94 |
| [CH] Basic metals and fabricated metal products | 11 | 95 | 92 | 93 |
| [CM] Other manufacturing industries / Manufacture of other industrial products | 10 | 105 | 104 | 104 |
- * NA: aggregated classification, based on the French classification of activities NAF rév.2.
- ** Weights used to aggregate sub-sectors’ balances of opinion.
- Source: INSEE - Monthly business tendency survey in industry.
Revisions
The business climate in manufacturing industry of November 2025 has not been revised (after rounding).
For further information
For questions with three possible answers, a balance of opinion is the difference between the weighted percentage of “above normal” or “increase” answers and the weighted percentage of “below normal” or “decrease” answers.
The composite indicators of business climate presented here are estimated independently of one another. Thus, that of the whole of manufacturing industry cannot be deduced from the sub-sectoral climates. The same balances of opinion are included into their calculations, but they are not assigned the same weightings. Also, the indicators are scaled to have a long-run average of 100 and a standard deviation of 10.
This survey is part of the Joint Harmonised EU Programme of Business and Consumer Surveys, partly funded by the European Commission.
Additional information (methodology, links, etc.) is available on the “Documentation” tab.
Answers to this survey have been gathered between 26 November 2025 and 15 December 2025; most companies answer during the first two weeks of collection.
Next issue: 23 January 2026 at 8:45 am.
Pour en savoir plus
For questions with three possible answers, a balance of opinion is the difference between the weighted percentage of “above normal” or “increase” answers and the weighted percentage of “below normal” or “decrease” answers.
The composite indicators of business climate presented here are estimated independently of one another. Thus, that of the whole of manufacturing industry cannot be deduced from the sub-sectoral climates. The same balances of opinion are included into their calculations, but they are not assigned the same weightings. Also, the indicators are scaled to have a long-run average of 100 and a standard deviation of 10.
This survey is part of the Joint Harmonised EU Programme of Business and Consumer Surveys, partly funded by the European Commission.
Additional information (methodology, links, etc.) is available on the “Documentation” tab.
Answers to this survey have been gathered between 26 November 2025 and 15 December 2025; most companies answer during the first two weeks of collection.
Next issue: 23 January 2026 at 8:45 am.