Informations Rapides ·
31 May 2024 · n° 134
Household consumption of goods fell sharply in April 2024 (-0.8%) Household consumption expenditure on goods - April 2024
In April 2024, household consumption expenditure on goods fell over one month (-0.8% in volume* after +0.5% in March 2024 –revised data).
This decline is explained by the drop in food consumption (-2.7% after +0.8% in March –revised data). Energy consumption rose moderately (+1.3% after -0.5%), while purchases of manufactured goods were virtually stable (-0.1% after +0.7%).
In May 2024, the national accounts switch to base 2020. A detailed presentation of the revisions to the sources and methods used to compile the accounts and their impact is available on the Insee website.
In April 2024, household consumption expenditure on goods fell over one month (-0.8% in volume* after +0.5% in March 2024 –revised data).
This decline is explained by the drop in food consumption (-2.7% after +0.8% in March –revised data). Energy consumption rose moderately (+1.3% after -0.5%), while purchases of manufactured goods were virtually stable (-0.1% after +0.7%).
tableauTotal consumption of goods in volume
| Monthly data | |
|---|---|
| 2024-04 | 45.951 |
| 2024-03 | 46.331 |
| 2024-02 | 46.096 |
| 2024-01 | 46.1 |
| 2023-12 | 46.353 |
| 2023-11 | 46.229 |
| 2023-10 | 45.92 |
| 2023-09 | 46.279 |
| 2023-08 | 46.387 |
| 2023-07 | 46.651 |
| 2023-06 | 46.504 |
| 2023-05 | 46.146 |
| 2023-04 | 45.878 |
| 2023-03 | 46.147 |
| 2023-02 | 46.492 |
| 2023-01 | 46.654 |
| 2022-12 | 45.849 |
| 2022-11 | 46.781 |
| 2022-10 | 46.65 |
| 2022-09 | 48.039 |
| 2022-08 | 47.055 |
| 2022-07 | 46.624 |
| 2022-06 | 47.251 |
| 2022-05 | 47.171 |
| 2022-04 | 47.412 |
| 2022-03 | 46.805 |
| 2022-02 | 47.568 |
| 2022-01 | 47.549 |
| 2021-12 | 47.737 |
| 2021-11 | 48.317 |
| 2021-10 | 48.66 |
| 2021-09 | 48.377 |
| 2021-08 | 48.31 |
| 2021-07 | 48.744 |
| 2021-06 | 49.11 |
| 2021-05 | 48.94 |
| 2021-04 | 44.484 |
| 2021-03 | 48.269 |
| 2021-02 | 48.68 |
| 2021-01 | 48.261 |
| 2020-12 | 50.849 |
| 2020-11 | 41.122 |
| 2020-10 | 50.951 |
| 2020-09 | 49.023 |
| 2020-08 | 51.025 |
| 2020-07 | 49.788 |
| 2020-06 | 49.463 |
| 2020-05 | 44.498 |
| 2020-04 | 31.854 |
| 2020-03 | 39.744 |
| 2020-02 | 48.251 |
| 2020-01 | 47.747 |
| 2019-12 | 48.403 |
| 2019-11 | 48.164 |
| 2019-10 | 47.913 |
| 2019-09 | 47.943 |
| 2019-08 | 48.183 |
| 2019-07 | 47.83 |
| 2019-06 | 47.726 |
| 2019-05 | 48.274 |
| 2019-04 | 48.064 |
| 2019-03 | 47.777 |
| 2019-02 | 47.837 |
| 2019-01 | 48.054 |
| 2018-12 | 47.261 |
| 2018-11 | 47.599 |
| 2018-10 | 47.9 |
| 2018-09 | 47.461 |
| 2018-08 | 48.103 |
| 2018-07 | 47.927 |
| 2018-06 | 47.921 |
| 2018-05 | 48.097 |
| 2018-04 | 47.613 |
| 2018-03 | 48.623 |
| 2018-02 | 48.511 |
| 2018-01 | 47.196 |
| 2017-12 | 48.151 |
| 2017-11 | 48.317 |
| 2017-10 | 47.392 |
| 2017-09 | 48.83 |
| 2017-08 | 47.815 |
| 2017-07 | 48.071 |
| 2017-06 | 47.806 |
| 2017-05 | 47.979 |
| 2017-04 | 47.511 |
| 2017-03 | 47.314 |
| 2017-02 | 47.404 |
| 2017-01 | 47.92 |
| 2016-12 | 47.454 |
| 2016-11 | 47.387 |
| 2016-10 | 47.891 |
| 2016-09 | 47.08 |
| 2016-08 | 46.877 |
| 2016-07 | 46.737 |
| 2016-06 | 47.075 |
| 2016-05 | 47.213 |
| 2016-04 | 47.213 |
| 2016-03 | 47.3 |
| 2016-02 | 47.084 |
| 2016-01 | 47.242 |
| 2015-12 | 46.877 |
| 2015-11 | 45.698 |
| 2015-10 | 46.797 |
| 2015-09 | 46.736 |
| 2015-08 | 46.62 |
| 2015-07 | 46.798 |
| 2015-06 | 46.593 |
| 2015-05 | 46.266 |
| 2015-04 | 46.237 |
| 2015-03 | 46.031 |
| 2015-02 | 46.266 |
| 2015-01 | 46.561 |
| 2014-12 | 46.352 |
| 2014-11 | 45.647 |
| 2014-10 | 45.486 |
| 2014-09 | 45.564 |
| 2014-08 | 45.722 |
| 2014-07 | 45.267 |
| 2014-06 | 45.673 |
| 2014-05 | 45.637 |
| 2014-04 | 45.241 |
| 2014-03 | 45.339 |
| 2014-02 | 45.149 |
| 2014-01 | 45.33 |
| 2013-12 | 46.122 |
| 2013-11 | 46.041 |
| 2013-10 | 45.399 |
| 2013-09 | 45.563 |
| 2013-08 | 45.538 |
| 2013-07 | 45.545 |
| 2013-06 | 45.227 |
| 2013-05 | 45.865 |
| 2013-04 | 45.505 |
| 2013-03 | 45.871 |
| 2013-02 | 45.392 |
| 2013-01 | 45.231 |
| 2012-12 | 45.547 |
| 2012-11 | 45.506 |
| 2012-10 | 45.534 |
| 2012-09 | 45.531 |
| 2012-08 | 45.519 |
| 2012-07 | 45.738 |
| 2012-06 | 45.741 |
| 2012-05 | 45.605 |
| 2012-04 | 45.582 |
| 2012-03 | 45.631 |
| 2012-02 | 46.453 |
| 2012-01 | 45.572 |
| 2011-12 | 45.49 |
| 2011-11 | 45.554 |
| 2011-10 | 45.82 |
| 2011-09 | 45.883 |
| 2011-08 | 45.918 |
| 2011-07 | 45.612 |
| 2011-06 | 45.985 |
| 2011-05 | 45.164 |
| 2011-04 | 45.622 |
| 2011-03 | 46.229 |
| 2011-02 | 46.963 |
| 2011-01 | 46.771 |
| 2010-12 | 46.775 |
| 2010-11 | 46.411 |
| 2010-10 | 45.914 |
| 2010-09 | 45.927 |
| 2010-08 | 45.573 |
| 2010-07 | 46.034 |
| 2010-06 | 44.947 |
| 2010-05 | 45.981 |
| 2010-04 | 45.432 |
| 2010-03 | 45.687 |
| 2010-02 | 45.378 |
| 2010-01 | 45.498 |
| 2009-12 | 45.94 |
| 2009-11 | 45.291 |
| 2009-10 | 45.419 |
| 2009-09 | 45.209 |
| 2009-08 | 44.982 |
| 2009-07 | 44.966 |
| 2009-06 | 45.557 |
| 2009-05 | 45.173 |
| 2009-04 | 44.887 |
| 2009-03 | 44.334 |
| 2009-02 | 44.54 |
| 2009-01 | 45.419 |
graphiqueTotal consumption of goods in volume
- Source: INSEE
Food products: sharp decline
In April 2024, household food consumption fell sharply (-2.7%), after three consecutive months of growth. This downturn was mainly driven by miscellaneous food products such as chocolate and confectionery: consumption fell back after having risen sharply in March, Easter Sunday being in March this year. Purchases of canned fish and other processed fish were also down strongly. Tobacco consumption went up sharply after three consecutive months of decline.
tableauFood products, engineered goods and energy
| Engineered goods | Energy | Food products | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-04 | 21.43 | 8.036 | 16.556 |
| 2024-03 | 21.459 | 7.934 | 17.014 |
| 2024-02 | 21.312 | 7.973 | 16.874 |
| 2024-01 | 21.155 | 8.172 | 16.799 |
| 2023-12 | 21.59 | 8.058 | 16.756 |
| 2023-11 | 21.393 | 7.918 | 16.984 |
| 2023-10 | 21.192 | 7.862 | 16.93 |
| 2023-09 | 21.147 | 8.056 | 17.112 |
| 2023-08 | 21.213 | 8.165 | 17.032 |
| 2023-07 | 21.404 | 8.216 | 17.054 |
| 2023-06 | 21.0 | 8.214 | 17.298 |
| 2023-05 | 21.041 | 8.121 | 17.004 |
| 2023-04 | 21.077 | 8.017 | 16.819 |
| 2023-03 | 21.01 | 8.232 | 16.906 |
| 2023-02 | 21.113 | 8.134 | 17.27 |
| 2023-01 | 21.054 | 8.111 | 17.518 |
| 2022-12 | 20.967 | 7.352 | 17.585 |
| 2022-11 | 21.236 | 8.014 | 17.555 |
| 2022-10 | 21.126 | 8.017 | 17.529 |
| 2022-09 | 21.641 | 8.672 | 17.723 |
| 2022-08 | 21.002 | 8.33 | 17.728 |
| 2022-07 | 20.587 | 8.384 | 17.648 |
| 2022-06 | 21.186 | 8.405 | 17.663 |
| 2022-05 | 21.288 | 8.281 | 17.613 |
| 2022-04 | 20.945 | 8.473 | 17.992 |
| 2022-03 | 21.048 | 8.339 | 17.42 |
| 2022-02 | 21.162 | 8.6 | 17.799 |
| 2022-01 | 21.134 | 8.537 | 17.875 |
| 2021-12 | 21.451 | 8.2 | 18.086 |
| 2021-11 | 21.499 | 8.833 | 17.985 |
| 2021-10 | 21.639 | 8.902 | 18.119 |
| 2021-09 | 21.708 | 8.678 | 17.991 |
| 2021-08 | 21.659 | 8.69 | 17.961 |
| 2021-07 | 21.845 | 8.726 | 18.172 |
| 2021-06 | 22.425 | 8.605 | 18.08 |
| 2021-05 | 21.791 | 8.699 | 18.45 |
| 2021-04 | 17.586 | 8.117 | 18.781 |
| 2021-03 | 21.088 | 8.524 | 18.657 |
| 2021-02 | 21.814 | 8.27 | 18.596 |
| 2021-01 | 21.31 | 8.49 | 18.461 |
| 2020-12 | 23.886 | 8.217 | 18.734 |
| 2020-11 | 16.301 | 7.157 | 17.699 |
| 2020-10 | 22.439 | 9.057 | 19.423 |
| 2020-09 | 22.282 | 8.57 | 18.132 |
| 2020-08 | 23.897 | 8.615 | 18.475 |
| 2020-07 | 22.624 | 8.671 | 18.456 |
| 2020-06 | 22.771 | 8.263 | 18.41 |
| 2020-05 | 18.925 | 7.209 | 18.407 |
| 2020-04 | 8.739 | 5.401 | 17.86 |
| 2020-03 | 13.596 | 7.598 | 18.593 |
| 2020-02 | 21.192 | 8.77 | 18.246 |
| 2020-01 | 21.196 | 8.646 | 17.859 |
| 2019-12 | 21.756 | 8.724 | 17.866 |
| 2019-11 | 21.614 | 8.681 | 17.814 |
| 2019-10 | 21.463 | 8.57 | 17.834 |
| 2019-09 | 21.351 | 8.689 | 17.855 |
| 2019-08 | 21.701 | 8.63 | 17.798 |
| 2019-07 | 21.338 | 8.684 | 17.757 |
| 2019-06 | 21.266 | 8.712 | 17.694 |
| 2019-05 | 21.404 | 8.845 | 17.974 |
| 2019-04 | 21.311 | 8.755 | 17.952 |
| 2019-03 | 21.503 | 8.467 | 17.763 |
| 2019-02 | 21.316 | 8.623 | 17.853 |
| 2019-01 | 21.219 | 8.873 | 17.911 |
| 2018-12 | 20.631 | 8.492 | 18.122 |
| 2018-11 | 20.844 | 8.739 | 17.985 |
| 2018-10 | 21.047 | 8.802 | 18.013 |
| 2018-09 | 20.929 | 8.586 | 17.906 |
| 2018-08 | 21.297 | 8.703 | 18.055 |
| 2018-07 | 21.084 | 8.637 | 18.171 |
| 2018-06 | 21.041 | 8.687 | 18.162 |
| 2018-05 | 21.199 | 8.771 | 18.085 |
| 2018-04 | 21.284 | 8.567 | 17.697 |
| 2018-03 | 20.965 | 9.226 | 18.421 |
| 2018-02 | 20.969 | 9.247 | 18.277 |
| 2018-01 | 20.782 | 8.337 | 18.048 |
| 2017-12 | 20.985 | 9.107 | 18.035 |
| 2017-11 | 21.062 | 8.926 | 18.304 |
| 2017-10 | 20.687 | 8.488 | 18.189 |
| 2017-09 | 21.247 | 9.17 | 18.393 |
| 2017-08 | 20.817 | 8.84 | 18.137 |
| 2017-07 | 21.004 | 8.845 | 18.192 |
| 2017-06 | 20.703 | 8.783 | 18.312 |
| 2017-05 | 20.906 | 8.888 | 18.162 |
| 2017-04 | 20.639 | 8.658 | 18.197 |
| 2017-03 | 20.677 | 8.407 | 18.2 |
| 2017-02 | 20.705 | 8.471 | 18.199 |
| 2017-01 | 20.437 | 9.299 | 18.212 |
| 2016-12 | 20.487 | 8.91 | 18.056 |
| 2016-11 | 20.285 | 9.08 | 18.039 |
| 2016-10 | 20.45 | 9.192 | 18.271 |
| 2016-09 | 20.006 | 8.821 | 18.291 |
| 2016-08 | 19.882 | 8.914 | 18.121 |
| 2016-07 | 19.867 | 8.813 | 18.093 |
| 2016-06 | 20.534 | 8.524 | 17.996 |
| 2016-05 | 20.053 | 9.209 | 17.981 |
| 2016-04 | 20.344 | 9.039 | 17.828 |
| 2016-03 | 20.172 | 9.041 | 18.111 |
| 2016-02 | 20.002 | 8.912 | 18.207 |
| 2016-01 | 20.528 | 8.592 | 18.109 |
| 2015-12 | 20.246 | 8.496 | 18.149 |
| 2015-11 | 19.217 | 8.492 | 18.059 |
| 2015-10 | 19.782 | 9.06 | 17.99 |
| 2015-09 | 19.974 | 8.853 | 17.927 |
| 2015-08 | 19.773 | 8.744 | 18.148 |
| 2015-07 | 19.816 | 8.95 | 18.07 |
| 2015-06 | 19.8 | 8.731 | 18.102 |
| 2015-05 | 19.672 | 8.625 | 18.01 |
| 2015-04 | 19.622 | 8.656 | 18.003 |
| 2015-03 | 19.488 | 8.697 | 17.891 |
| 2015-02 | 19.513 | 8.878 | 17.921 |
| 2015-01 | 19.688 | 8.856 | 18.062 |
| 2014-12 | 19.468 | 8.888 | 18.054 |
| 2014-11 | 19.319 | 8.396 | 17.991 |
| 2014-10 | 19.234 | 8.405 | 17.906 |
| 2014-09 | 18.929 | 8.729 | 17.994 |
| 2014-08 | 19.31 | 8.699 | 17.759 |
| 2014-07 | 19.208 | 8.636 | 17.454 |
| 2014-06 | 19.176 | 8.784 | 17.769 |
| 2014-05 | 19.031 | 8.677 | 18.011 |
| 2014-04 | 19.027 | 8.446 | 17.837 |
| 2014-03 | 19.12 | 8.508 | 17.768 |
| 2014-02 | 19.004 | 8.519 | 17.685 |
| 2014-01 | 19.045 | 8.603 | 17.743 |
| 2013-12 | 19.46 | 8.938 | 17.754 |
| 2013-11 | 19.124 | 9.141 | 17.843 |
| 2013-10 | 19.037 | 8.635 | 17.789 |
| 2013-09 | 18.933 | 8.94 | 17.762 |
| 2013-08 | 18.836 | 8.956 | 17.83 |
| 2013-07 | 18.799 | 9.027 | 17.806 |
| 2013-06 | 18.831 | 8.966 | 17.488 |
| 2013-05 | 18.737 | 9.385 | 17.842 |
| 2013-04 | 18.748 | 9.448 | 17.369 |
| 2013-03 | 18.589 | 9.331 | 18.079 |
| 2013-02 | 18.602 | 9.195 | 17.689 |
| 2013-01 | 18.662 | 9.016 | 17.636 |
| 2012-12 | 19.085 | 8.879 | 17.623 |
| 2012-11 | 18.734 | 9.255 | 17.602 |
| 2012-10 | 18.949 | 9.041 | 17.601 |
| 2012-09 | 18.933 | 8.972 | 17.691 |
| 2012-08 | 18.844 | 9.007 | 17.747 |
| 2012-07 | 19.034 | 9.028 | 17.737 |
| 2012-06 | 18.961 | 9.089 | 17.763 |
| 2012-05 | 19.002 | 9.067 | 17.587 |
| 2012-04 | 18.715 | 9.344 | 17.615 |
| 2012-03 | 19.281 | 8.691 | 17.679 |
| 2012-02 | 19.013 | 9.829 | 17.698 |
| 2012-01 | 19.022 | 8.941 | 17.661 |
| 2011-12 | 19.413 | 8.671 | 17.366 |
| 2011-11 | 19.138 | 8.868 | 17.581 |
| 2011-10 | 19.187 | 8.973 | 17.707 |
| 2011-09 | 19.131 | 9.006 | 17.813 |
| 2011-08 | 19.215 | 9.157 | 17.6 |
| 2011-07 | 19.13 | 8.94 | 17.583 |
| 2011-06 | 19.25 | 9.094 | 17.692 |
| 2011-05 | 19.011 | 8.643 | 17.53 |
| 2011-04 | 19.262 | 8.59 | 17.773 |
| 2011-03 | 19.713 | 8.988 | 17.495 |
| 2011-02 | 20.055 | 9.181 | 17.689 |
| 2011-01 | 19.724 | 9.319 | 17.75 |
| 2010-12 | 19.531 | 9.549 | 17.765 |
| 2010-11 | 19.466 | 9.323 | 17.658 |
| 2010-10 | 19.024 | 9.356 | 17.638 |
| 2010-09 | 19.213 | 9.252 | 17.513 |
| 2010-08 | 19.011 | 9.163 | 17.461 |
| 2010-07 | 19.228 | 9.232 | 17.629 |
| 2010-06 | 18.604 | 9.122 | 17.324 |
| 2010-05 | 19.114 | 9.399 | 17.559 |
| 2010-04 | 18.892 | 9.275 | 17.353 |
| 2010-03 | 19.152 | 9.25 | 17.329 |
| 2010-02 | 18.716 | 9.572 | 17.24 |
| 2010-01 | 19.086 | 9.286 | 17.171 |
| 2009-12 | 19.455 | 9.307 | 17.181 |
| 2009-11 | 19.182 | 9.018 | 17.095 |
| 2009-10 | 19.099 | 9.074 | 17.285 |
| 2009-09 | 18.957 | 9.156 | 17.148 |
| 2009-08 | 18.538 | 9.144 | 17.437 |
| 2009-07 | 18.617 | 9.314 | 17.147 |
| 2009-06 | 19.136 | 9.331 | 17.134 |
| 2009-05 | 18.901 | 9.281 | 17.053 |
| 2009-04 | 18.565 | 9.345 | 17.095 |
| 2009-03 | 18.459 | 9.262 | 16.696 |
| 2009-02 | 18.271 | 9.466 | 16.955 |
| 2009-01 | 18.683 | 9.594 | 17.286 |
graphiqueFood products, engineered goods and energy
- Source: INSEE
Energy: clear rebound
In April 2024, household spending on energy rebounded (+1.3% after -0.5% in March –revised data), mainly due to an increase in fuel consumption. Electricity consumption rebounded after two months of decline.
tableauDécomposition de l'énergie
| Produits raffinés | Énergie, eau, déchets | |
|---|---|---|
| 2024-04 | 3.653 | 4.363 |
| 2024-03 | 3.582 | 4.334 |
| 2024-02 | 3.573 | 4.385 |
| 2024-01 | 3.632 | 4.528 |
| 2023-12 | 3.583 | 4.462 |
| 2023-11 | 3.457 | 4.464 |
| 2023-10 | 3.555 | 4.28 |
| 2023-09 | 3.531 | 4.524 |
| 2023-08 | 3.59 | 4.571 |
| 2023-07 | 3.651 | 4.552 |
| 2023-06 | 3.696 | 4.494 |
| 2023-05 | 3.645 | 4.454 |
| 2023-04 | 3.472 | 4.555 |
| 2023-03 | 3.723 | 4.481 |
| 2023-02 | 3.604 | 4.52 |
| 2023-01 | 3.714 | 4.358 |
| 2022-12 | 3.585 | 3.727 |
| 2022-11 | 3.72 | 4.267 |
| 2022-10 | 3.695 | 4.297 |
| 2022-09 | 3.932 | 4.719 |
| 2022-08 | 3.603 | 4.721 |
| 2022-07 | 3.607 | 4.773 |
| 2022-06 | 3.635 | 4.765 |
| 2022-05 | 3.655 | 4.614 |
| 2022-04 | 3.66 | 4.808 |
| 2022-03 | 3.616 | 4.717 |
| 2022-02 | 3.846 | 4.738 |
| 2022-01 | 3.649 | 4.886 |
| 2021-12 | 3.703 | 4.496 |
| 2021-11 | 3.813 | 5.019 |
| 2021-10 | 3.827 | 5.075 |
| 2021-09 | 3.795 | 4.884 |
| 2021-08 | 3.777 | 4.913 |
| 2021-07 | 3.801 | 4.925 |
| 2021-06 | 3.693 | 4.911 |
| 2021-05 | 3.463 | 5.236 |
| 2021-04 | 3.068 | 5.05 |
| 2021-03 | 3.593 | 4.931 |
| 2021-02 | 3.496 | 4.774 |
| 2021-01 | 3.53 | 4.96 |
| 2020-12 | 3.421 | 4.788 |
| 2020-11 | 2.675 | 4.516 |
| 2020-10 | 3.677 | 5.384 |
| 2020-09 | 3.714 | 4.829 |
| 2020-08 | 3.778 | 4.804 |
| 2020-07 | 3.832 | 4.802 |
| 2020-06 | 3.465 | 4.788 |
| 2020-05 | 2.566 | 4.695 |
| 2020-04 | 1.298 | 4.225 |
| 2020-03 | 2.858 | 4.774 |
| 2020-02 | 3.985 | 4.733 |
| 2020-01 | 4.047 | 4.531 |
| 2019-12 | 4.02 | 4.643 |
| 2019-11 | 3.861 | 4.781 |
| 2019-10 | 3.849 | 4.676 |
| 2019-09 | 3.925 | 4.716 |
| 2019-08 | 3.875 | 4.71 |
| 2019-07 | 3.892 | 4.748 |
| 2019-06 | 3.914 | 4.751 |
| 2019-05 | 3.884 | 4.93 |
| 2019-04 | 3.992 | 4.707 |
| 2019-03 | 3.888 | 4.521 |
| 2019-02 | 3.991 | 4.569 |
| 2019-01 | 4.012 | 4.81 |
| 2018-12 | 3.835 | 4.605 |
| 2018-11 | 3.993 | 4.691 |
| 2018-10 | 4.054 | 4.691 |
| 2018-09 | 3.885 | 4.649 |
| 2018-08 | 3.989 | 4.659 |
| 2018-07 | 3.937 | 4.646 |
| 2018-06 | 3.995 | 4.636 |
| 2018-05 | 4.079 | 4.634 |
| 2018-04 | 4.034 | 4.473 |
| 2018-03 | 4.083 | 5.092 |
| 2018-02 | 4.013 | 5.186 |
| 2018-01 | 3.921 | 4.358 |
| 2017-12 | 4.092 | 4.958 |
| 2017-11 | 3.972 | 4.897 |
| 2017-10 | 3.819 | 4.616 |
| 2017-09 | 4.236 | 4.88 |
| 2017-08 | 4.031 | 4.755 |
| 2017-07 | 4.07 | 4.722 |
| 2017-06 | 3.996 | 4.733 |
| 2017-05 | 4.045 | 4.789 |
| 2017-04 | 3.951 | 4.655 |
| 2017-03 | 3.967 | 4.391 |
| 2017-02 | 3.967 | 4.455 |
| 2017-01 | 4.028 | 5.209 |
| 2016-12 | 3.996 | 4.858 |
| 2016-11 | 4.111 | 4.912 |
| 2016-10 | 4.061 | 5.075 |
| 2016-09 | 4.023 | 4.743 |
| 2016-08 | 4.088 | 4.768 |
| 2016-07 | 4.007 | 4.751 |
| 2016-06 | 3.641 | 4.835 |
| 2016-05 | 4.331 | 4.816 |
| 2016-04 | 3.94 | 5.047 |
| 2016-03 | 4.047 | 4.939 |
| 2016-02 | 4.066 | 4.79 |
| 2016-01 | 3.935 | 4.602 |
| 2015-12 | 4.152 | 4.242 |
| 2015-11 | 3.915 | 4.513 |
| 2015-10 | 3.944 | 5.087 |
| 2015-09 | 3.972 | 4.833 |
| 2015-08 | 3.959 | 4.731 |
| 2015-07 | 4.145 | 4.734 |
| 2015-06 | 3.965 | 4.71 |
| 2015-05 | 3.903 | 4.67 |
| 2015-04 | 3.991 | 4.6 |
| 2015-03 | 3.92 | 4.728 |
| 2015-02 | 3.914 | 4.928 |
| 2015-01 | 3.961 | 4.849 |
| 2014-12 | 4.1 | 4.716 |
| 2014-11 | 3.817 | 4.524 |
| 2014-10 | 3.93 | 4.392 |
| 2014-09 | 3.974 | 4.696 |
| 2014-08 | 3.91 | 4.745 |
| 2014-07 | 3.86 | 4.737 |
| 2014-06 | 3.996 | 4.73 |
| 2014-05 | 3.838 | 4.81 |
| 2014-04 | 3.87 | 4.514 |
| 2014-03 | 3.915 | 4.527 |
| 2014-02 | 3.879 | 4.583 |
| 2014-01 | 3.912 | 4.635 |
| 2013-12 | 3.972 | 4.924 |
| 2013-11 | 3.901 | 5.253 |
| 2013-10 | 3.917 | 4.65 |
| 2013-09 | 3.928 | 4.986 |
| 2013-08 | 3.964 | 4.956 |
| 2013-07 | 3.991 | 5.0 |
| 2013-06 | 3.882 | 5.077 |
| 2013-05 | 4.082 | 5.29 |
| 2013-04 | 4.054 | 5.4 |
| 2013-03 | 3.988 | 5.356 |
| 2013-02 | 3.951 | 5.248 |
| 2013-01 | 3.897 | 5.115 |
| 2012-12 | 3.928 | 4.916 |
| 2012-11 | 4.09 | 5.131 |
| 2012-10 | 4.01 | 4.993 |
| 2012-09 | 3.955 | 4.987 |
| 2012-08 | 3.997 | 4.97 |
| 2012-07 | 4.021 | 4.961 |
| 2012-06 | 4.084 | 4.948 |
| 2012-05 | 4.065 | 4.949 |
| 2012-04 | 3.987 | 5.369 |
| 2012-03 | 4.023 | 4.573 |
| 2012-02 | 4.018 | 5.884 |
| 2012-01 | 4.028 | 4.853 |
| 2011-12 | 3.84 | 4.789 |
| 2011-11 | 4.015 | 4.788 |
| 2011-10 | 4.049 | 4.862 |
| 2011-09 | 4.035 | 4.915 |
| 2011-08 | 4.129 | 4.966 |
| 2011-07 | 3.964 | 4.93 |
| 2011-06 | 4.1 | 4.932 |
| 2011-05 | 3.817 | 4.786 |
| 2011-04 | 4.015 | 4.482 |
| 2011-03 | 4.071 | 4.851 |
| 2011-02 | 4.221 | 4.877 |
| 2011-01 | 4.206 | 5.048 |
| 2010-12 | 3.993 | 5.537 |
| 2010-11 | 4.11 | 5.169 |
| 2010-10 | 4.136 | 5.175 |
| 2010-09 | 4.159 | 5.039 |
| 2010-08 | 4.094 | 5.018 |
| 2010-07 | 4.191 | 4.983 |
| 2010-06 | 4.09 | 4.981 |
| 2010-05 | 4.136 | 5.22 |
| 2010-04 | 4.21 | 5.006 |
| 2010-03 | 4.099 | 5.105 |
| 2010-02 | 4.308 | 5.209 |
| 2010-01 | 3.903 | 5.362 |
| 2009-12 | 4.254 | 4.979 |
| 2009-11 | 4.175 | 4.75 |
| 2009-10 | 4.088 | 4.939 |
| 2009-09 | 4.14 | 4.962 |
| 2009-08 | 4.095 | 5.011 |
| 2009-07 | 4.255 | 4.986 |
| 2009-06 | 4.274 | 4.978 |
| 2009-05 | 4.244 | 4.963 |
| 2009-04 | 4.267 | 5.005 |
| 2009-03 | 4.207 | 4.993 |
| 2009-02 | 4.233 | 5.197 |
| 2009-01 | 4.226 | 5.357 |
graphiqueDécomposition de l'énergie
- Source : Insee
Engineered goods: virtual stability
In April 2024, household consumption of manufactured goods was virtually stable after two consecutive months of growth (-0.1% after +0.7% in March and February 2024). The decline in spending on clothing and textiles (-2.0%) was largely offset by higher purchases of durable goods.
Durable goods: further increase
In April 2024, purchases of durable goods continued to rise, but more moderately (+0.5% after +0.8% in March and +1.7% in February 2024 –revised data).
Consumption of household equipment rose sharply (+1.2% after +0.1% in March 2024 –revised data), driven by higher purchases of furniture, telephones and household appliances.
Textile-clothing: downturn
In April 2024, spending on clothing and textiles declined (-2.0% after +1.3% in March 2024), mainly due to lower spending on clothing and, to a lesser extent, shoes and leather.
Other engineered goods: virtual stability
In April 2024, consumption of “other manufactured goods” was virtually stable (-0.1% after +0.2% in March 2024).
tableauBreakdown of engineered goods
| Other engineered goods | Household durables | Textile-clothing | Transport equipment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-04 | 6.154 | 3.738 | 4.034 | 5.69 |
| 2024-03 | 6.158 | 3.692 | 4.115 | 5.676 |
| 2024-02 | 6.148 | 3.688 | 4.063 | 5.602 |
| 2024-01 | 6.145 | 3.669 | 4.091 | 5.479 |
| 2023-12 | 6.132 | 3.595 | 4.076 | 6.002 |
| 2023-11 | 6.105 | 3.674 | 4.117 | 5.703 |
| 2023-10 | 6.093 | 3.623 | 4.034 | 5.651 |
| 2023-09 | 6.094 | 3.626 | 3.999 | 5.633 |
| 2023-08 | 6.114 | 3.596 | 4.032 | 5.686 |
| 2023-07 | 6.124 | 3.809 | 4.132 | 5.56 |
| 2023-06 | 6.12 | 3.538 | 4.123 | 5.452 |
| 2023-05 | 6.07 | 3.553 | 4.148 | 5.52 |
| 2023-04 | 6.114 | 3.558 | 4.09 | 5.542 |
| 2023-03 | 6.117 | 3.6 | 4.07 | 5.454 |
| 2023-02 | 6.158 | 3.578 | 4.13 | 5.487 |
| 2023-01 | 6.198 | 3.637 | 4.09 | 5.381 |
| 2022-12 | 6.256 | 3.589 | 4.134 | 5.28 |
| 2022-11 | 6.262 | 3.727 | 4.096 | 5.394 |
| 2022-10 | 6.275 | 3.732 | 4.122 | 5.271 |
| 2022-09 | 6.302 | 3.891 | 4.457 | 5.276 |
| 2022-08 | 6.303 | 3.708 | 4.125 | 5.153 |
| 2022-07 | 6.314 | 3.649 | 3.873 | 5.068 |
| 2022-06 | 6.301 | 3.774 | 4.206 | 5.213 |
| 2022-05 | 6.328 | 3.762 | 4.405 | 5.096 |
| 2022-04 | 6.331 | 3.751 | 4.125 | 5.029 |
| 2022-03 | 6.338 | 3.755 | 4.177 | 5.074 |
| 2022-02 | 6.333 | 3.79 | 4.154 | 5.163 |
| 2022-01 | 6.374 | 3.847 | 4.005 | 5.214 |
| 2021-12 | 6.368 | 3.76 | 4.346 | 5.222 |
| 2021-11 | 6.35 | 3.896 | 4.359 | 5.158 |
| 2021-10 | 6.337 | 3.848 | 4.499 | 5.224 |
| 2021-09 | 6.356 | 3.913 | 4.44 | 5.274 |
| 2021-08 | 6.373 | 3.941 | 4.407 | 5.257 |
| 2021-07 | 6.411 | 4.054 | 4.403 | 5.266 |
| 2021-06 | 6.437 | 4.051 | 4.766 | 5.42 |
| 2021-05 | 6.318 | 4.22 | 4.409 | 5.316 |
| 2021-04 | 5.744 | 3.493 | 1.991 | 5.177 |
| 2021-03 | 6.313 | 4.063 | 3.84 | 5.275 |
| 2021-02 | 6.226 | 4.204 | 4.476 | 5.263 |
| 2021-01 | 6.255 | 3.974 | 3.864 | 5.594 |
| 2020-12 | 6.592 | 4.984 | 5.075 | 5.53 |
| 2020-11 | 5.597 | 2.97 | 2.108 | 4.71 |
| 2020-10 | 6.545 | 4.124 | 4.281 | 5.84 |
| 2020-09 | 6.376 | 3.983 | 4.438 | 5.799 |
| 2020-08 | 6.48 | 4.162 | 5.255 | 6.245 |
| 2020-07 | 6.383 | 3.878 | 4.13 | 6.638 |
| 2020-06 | 6.542 | 4.24 | 4.052 | 6.29 |
| 2020-05 | 6.06 | 3.668 | 3.848 | 4.397 |
| 2020-04 | 4.283 | 1.909 | 0.949 | 1.452 |
| 2020-03 | 5.135 | 2.697 | 2.088 | 2.784 |
| 2020-02 | 6.192 | 3.455 | 4.324 | 5.656 |
| 2020-01 | 6.136 | 3.57 | 4.431 | 5.566 |
| 2019-12 | 6.111 | 3.688 | 4.356 | 6.012 |
| 2019-11 | 6.146 | 3.514 | 4.46 | 5.947 |
| 2019-10 | 6.115 | 3.525 | 4.423 | 5.87 |
| 2019-09 | 6.095 | 3.484 | 4.459 | 5.774 |
| 2019-08 | 6.075 | 3.464 | 4.46 | 6.163 |
| 2019-07 | 6.065 | 3.483 | 4.36 | 5.914 |
| 2019-06 | 6.055 | 3.326 | 4.501 | 5.884 |
| 2019-05 | 6.059 | 3.544 | 4.407 | 5.846 |
| 2019-04 | 6.033 | 3.513 | 4.434 | 5.812 |
| 2019-03 | 6.035 | 3.474 | 4.488 | 5.99 |
| 2019-02 | 6.062 | 3.435 | 4.549 | 5.776 |
| 2019-01 | 6.041 | 3.418 | 4.471 | 5.788 |
| 2018-12 | 6.041 | 3.333 | 4.391 | 5.376 |
| 2018-11 | 6.001 | 3.363 | 4.334 | 5.67 |
| 2018-10 | 6.046 | 3.372 | 4.404 | 5.745 |
| 2018-09 | 6.037 | 3.359 | 4.358 | 5.71 |
| 2018-08 | 6.04 | 3.362 | 4.449 | 5.995 |
| 2018-07 | 6.046 | 3.317 | 4.487 | 5.772 |
| 2018-06 | 6.042 | 3.395 | 4.34 | 5.807 |
| 2018-05 | 6.053 | 3.327 | 4.425 | 5.946 |
| 2018-04 | 6.046 | 3.239 | 4.68 | 5.871 |
| 2018-03 | 6.032 | 3.349 | 4.398 | 5.72 |
| 2018-02 | 5.997 | 3.304 | 4.549 | 5.673 |
| 2018-01 | 6.001 | 3.293 | 4.438 | 5.584 |
| 2017-12 | 6.008 | 3.304 | 4.493 | 5.725 |
| 2017-11 | 6.002 | 3.388 | 4.577 | 5.612 |
| 2017-10 | 5.985 | 3.297 | 4.291 | 5.649 |
| 2017-09 | 5.985 | 3.331 | 4.837 | 5.635 |
| 2017-08 | 5.977 | 3.299 | 4.518 | 5.562 |
| 2017-07 | 5.982 | 3.331 | 4.551 | 5.672 |
| 2017-06 | 5.953 | 3.272 | 4.402 | 5.624 |
| 2017-05 | 5.932 | 3.243 | 4.598 | 5.685 |
| 2017-04 | 5.926 | 3.225 | 4.478 | 5.558 |
| 2017-03 | 5.926 | 3.201 | 4.583 | 5.516 |
| 2017-02 | 5.909 | 3.238 | 4.63 | 5.469 |
| 2017-01 | 5.921 | 3.122 | 4.518 | 5.437 |
| 2016-12 | 5.917 | 3.119 | 4.424 | 5.588 |
| 2016-11 | 5.893 | 3.073 | 4.368 | 5.517 |
| 2016-10 | 5.88 | 3.154 | 4.659 | 5.296 |
| 2016-09 | 5.869 | 3.099 | 4.252 | 5.341 |
| 2016-08 | 5.866 | 3.071 | 4.338 | 5.193 |
| 2016-07 | 5.864 | 3.01 | 4.409 | 5.156 |
| 2016-06 | 5.878 | 3.349 | 4.681 | 5.137 |
| 2016-05 | 5.854 | 3.17 | 4.363 | 5.198 |
| 2016-04 | 5.859 | 3.427 | 4.339 | 5.236 |
| 2016-03 | 5.852 | 3.29 | 4.357 | 5.197 |
| 2016-02 | 5.836 | 3.169 | 4.386 | 5.14 |
| 2016-01 | 5.843 | 3.165 | 4.86 | 5.164 |
| 2015-12 | 5.842 | 3.39 | 4.458 | 5.014 |
| 2015-11 | 5.783 | 2.9 | 4.205 | 4.891 |
| 2015-10 | 5.818 | 3.028 | 4.517 | 4.974 |
| 2015-09 | 5.847 | 3.07 | 4.58 | 4.998 |
| 2015-08 | 5.805 | 3.06 | 4.592 | 4.833 |
| 2015-07 | 5.821 | 3.012 | 4.515 | 4.985 |
| 2015-06 | 5.824 | 2.949 | 4.581 | 4.972 |
| 2015-05 | 5.828 | 2.962 | 4.482 | 4.91 |
| 2015-04 | 5.812 | 2.931 | 4.585 | 4.823 |
| 2015-03 | 5.792 | 2.956 | 4.462 | 4.785 |
| 2015-02 | 5.807 | 2.981 | 4.487 | 4.747 |
| 2015-01 | 5.791 | 2.992 | 4.656 | 4.767 |
| 2014-12 | 5.743 | 3.018 | 4.528 | 4.687 |
| 2014-11 | 5.724 | 2.943 | 4.467 | 4.707 |
| 2014-10 | 5.704 | 2.94 | 4.37 | 4.748 |
| 2014-09 | 5.693 | 2.933 | 4.126 | 4.708 |
| 2014-08 | 5.709 | 2.954 | 4.446 | 4.745 |
| 2014-07 | 5.67 | 2.913 | 4.507 | 4.662 |
| 2014-06 | 5.648 | 2.837 | 4.538 | 4.727 |
| 2014-05 | 5.655 | 2.887 | 4.405 | 4.633 |
| 2014-04 | 5.638 | 2.746 | 4.398 | 4.835 |
| 2014-03 | 5.644 | 2.746 | 4.546 | 4.776 |
| 2014-02 | 5.608 | 2.753 | 4.44 | 4.772 |
| 2014-01 | 5.623 | 2.812 | 4.566 | 4.581 |
| 2013-12 | 5.584 | 2.838 | 4.425 | 5.215 |
| 2013-11 | 5.591 | 2.748 | 4.547 | 4.844 |
| 2013-10 | 5.572 | 2.779 | 4.427 | 4.844 |
| 2013-09 | 5.554 | 2.749 | 4.438 | 4.796 |
| 2013-08 | 5.55 | 2.72 | 4.331 | 4.842 |
| 2013-07 | 5.532 | 2.655 | 4.453 | 4.78 |
| 2013-06 | 5.523 | 2.728 | 4.408 | 4.766 |
| 2013-05 | 5.547 | 2.725 | 4.269 | 4.783 |
| 2013-04 | 5.533 | 2.707 | 4.387 | 4.714 |
| 2013-03 | 5.498 | 2.703 | 4.339 | 4.628 |
| 2013-02 | 5.481 | 2.639 | 4.368 | 4.73 |
| 2013-01 | 5.502 | 2.652 | 4.475 | 4.646 |
| 2012-12 | 5.49 | 2.713 | 4.462 | 5.037 |
| 2012-11 | 5.456 | 2.692 | 4.391 | 4.782 |
| 2012-10 | 5.491 | 2.656 | 4.514 | 4.901 |
| 2012-09 | 5.469 | 2.653 | 4.545 | 4.897 |
| 2012-08 | 5.473 | 2.628 | 4.383 | 4.982 |
| 2012-07 | 5.478 | 2.698 | 4.48 | 4.959 |
| 2012-06 | 5.528 | 2.692 | 4.25 | 5.059 |
| 2012-05 | 5.427 | 2.668 | 4.486 | 5.069 |
| 2012-04 | 5.425 | 2.695 | 4.124 | 5.047 |
| 2012-03 | 5.481 | 2.582 | 4.681 | 5.183 |
| 2012-02 | 5.44 | 2.656 | 4.508 | 5.042 |
| 2012-01 | 5.431 | 2.582 | 4.569 | 5.069 |
| 2011-12 | 5.437 | 2.749 | 4.469 | 5.3 |
| 2011-11 | 5.474 | 2.481 | 4.453 | 5.424 |
| 2011-10 | 5.459 | 2.544 | 4.52 | 5.304 |
| 2011-09 | 5.455 | 2.563 | 4.409 | 5.312 |
| 2011-08 | 5.45 | 2.573 | 4.475 | 5.33 |
| 2011-07 | 5.434 | 2.599 | 4.414 | 5.274 |
| 2011-06 | 5.446 | 2.606 | 4.611 | 5.17 |
| 2011-05 | 5.416 | 2.517 | 4.503 | 5.212 |
| 2011-04 | 5.417 | 2.486 | 4.696 | 5.342 |
| 2011-03 | 5.409 | 2.627 | 4.6 | 5.753 |
| 2011-02 | 5.402 | 2.662 | 4.692 | 5.982 |
| 2011-01 | 5.414 | 2.592 | 4.552 | 5.854 |
| 2010-12 | 5.371 | 2.521 | 4.627 | 5.736 |
| 2010-11 | 5.358 | 2.485 | 4.658 | 5.71 |
| 2010-10 | 5.336 | 2.488 | 4.538 | 5.345 |
| 2010-09 | 5.33 | 2.532 | 4.617 | 5.413 |
| 2010-08 | 5.29 | 2.541 | 4.63 | 5.172 |
| 2010-07 | 5.294 | 2.412 | 4.894 | 5.344 |
| 2010-06 | 5.277 | 2.439 | 4.222 | 5.354 |
| 2010-05 | 5.327 | 2.57 | 4.547 | 5.28 |
| 2010-04 | 5.247 | 2.41 | 4.585 | 5.354 |
| 2010-03 | 5.233 | 2.461 | 4.597 | 5.555 |
| 2010-02 | 5.178 | 2.428 | 4.396 | 5.405 |
| 2010-01 | 5.157 | 2.414 | 4.69 | 5.539 |
| 2009-12 | 5.155 | 2.478 | 4.604 | 5.953 |
| 2009-11 | 5.117 | 2.379 | 4.503 | 5.963 |
| 2009-10 | 5.117 | 2.383 | 4.625 | 5.722 |
| 2009-09 | 5.1 | 2.389 | 4.529 | 5.649 |
| 2009-08 | 5.082 | 2.366 | 4.287 | 5.488 |
| 2009-07 | 5.057 | 2.336 | 4.428 | 5.508 |
| 2009-06 | 5.159 | 2.34 | 4.782 | 5.553 |
| 2009-05 | 5.067 | 2.285 | 4.507 | 5.894 |
| 2009-04 | 5.097 | 2.288 | 4.503 | 5.395 |
| 2009-03 | 5.083 | 2.259 | 4.593 | 5.266 |
| 2009-02 | 5.073 | 2.241 | 4.437 | 5.25 |
| 2009-01 | 5.147 | 2.274 | 4.745 | 5.264 |
graphiqueBreakdown of engineered goods
- Source: INSEE
tableauHousehold consumption expenditure on goods
| Weight (1) | Feb. 24 / Jan. 24 | Mar. 24 / Feb. 24 | Apr. 24 / Mar. 24 | Apr. 24 / Apr. 23 | Q / Q-1 (2) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food products | 39 | 0.4 | 0.8 | -2.7 | -1.6 | -0.2 |
| - excl. Tobacco | 35 | 0.9 | 1.0 | -3.1 | -1.0 | 0.6 |
| Engineered goods | 43 | 0.7 | 0.7 | -0.1 | 1.7 | 0.1 |
| - Durables | 22 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 3.4 | 0.2 |
| - Including transport equipment | 11 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 0.2 | 2.7 | -1.3 |
| - Including Household durables | 8 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 5.0 | 1.7 |
| - Textile-clothing | 8 | -0.7 | 1.3 | -2.0 | -1.4 | -0.6 |
| - Other engineered goods | 13 | 0.1 | 0.2 | -0.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
| Energy | 18 | -2.4 | -0.5 | 1.3 | 0.2 | -0.8 |
| - Energy. water. waste | 10 | -3.1 | -1.2 | 0.7 | -4.2 | -2.8 |
| - Refined Products | 8 | -1.6 | 0.3 | 2.0 | 5.2 | 1.3 |
| Total | 100 | 0.0 | 0.5 | -0.8 | 0.2 | -0.2 |
| - Including Manufactured goods | 83 | 0.3 | 0.8 | -1.0 | 0.7 | 0.0 |
- (1) Weighting in the consumption expenditure on goods in value in 2022
- (2) Last three months / previous three months
- Source: INSEE
Revisions
The monthly change in household consumption of goods for March 2024 has been revised upwards by 0.1 points to +0.5% instead of +0.4%. Since the previous publication, new information has been integrated and the series has been adjusted to the provisional 2023, semi-final 2022 and final 2021 annual accounts. In addition, the coefficients for seasonal adjustment (SA) and working day adjustment (WDA) have been updated.
For more information
*Volumes are measured at chain-link previous year prices (2020 euro billions) and all figures are seasonally and working-day adjusted (SA-WDA).
Scope and definition–Consumption expenditure on goods is compliant with the national-accounts definition (NAF Rev. 2). In 2020, they accounted for nearly half of total households’ consumption expenditure. They are divided into three main items:
– Food: products of agriculture, forestry and fishing (AZ), food, drinks and tobacco (C1);
– Energy: mining products, as well as water, gas, electricity and air conditioning, sanitation and waste management (DE), and refined and coked products (C2);
– Engineered goods: computers, electronic, electrical and optical goods (C3), transport equipment (C4), textiles and clothing, products made of leather, wood, paper, furniture, chemical and pharmaceutical products, plastic, rubber, minerals, metals, hardware (C5). Within this heading are distinguished “durable” goods which include transport equipment, household durables (furniture, household appliances, etc.) and other durable goods (jewellery, watches, glasses, medical devices, etc.).
The manufactured goods correspond to all the products C1, C2, C3, C4, C5.
Sources–This indicator is the compilation of a variety of statistical sources issued by the French National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (consumer price indices, turnover indices and scanner data), the Bank of France, the French Federation of Automobile Manufacturers (CCFA), the Department of Data and Statistical Studies (SDES), the French Institute of Fashion (IFM), the National Health-Insurance Administration (CNAM), the National Federation of Rubber and Plastics Industries (SNCP), the Board of Oil (CPDP), GFK, Logista, the International Union Committee of Automobile and Motorcycle (CSIAM), etc.
Next publication: 28 June 2024 at 8:45 am.
Documentation
Methodology (pdf,23 Ko)
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