Economy and society in the digital age 2025 edition

This book analyses the changes of the French economy and society through digital technology, based on a compilation of official statistics data on this issue.

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Paru le :Paru le14/10/2025
Timothée Gigout-Magiorani, Étienne Lavenant (Banque de France)
L'économie et la société à l'ère du numérique- October 2025
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Digital trade and French consumers in globalisation

Timothée Gigout-Magiorani, Étienne Lavenant (Banque de France)

The digitalisation of the economy transformed consumption and trade patterns. Using consumer online payment data, digital imports were estimated at 3.9% of household consumption in France in 2022 (around 54 billion euros or 1,800 euros per year per household). The structure of these imports depended heavily on the location choices of Internet giants, which reshaped the geography of international trade. The origin of these imports was therefore highly concentrated around a limited number of payment hubs located in a few countries. Of all digital imports, 19.5% transited through Luxembourg, compared with only 0.04% that came directly from China. Half of the digital imports of financial services came from Ireland and Lithuania. Overall, one third of digital purchases were imports. The composition of the digital basket of French consumers differed depending on whether they purchased in France or abroad: they consumed more regulated services in France and more multimedia services abroad.

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Paru le :14/10/2025