Insee
Informations Rapides · 27 May 2025 · n° 131
Informations rapidesIn Q1 2025, prices of second-hand dwellings went up (+1.0%) Notaries-INSEE second-hand dwellings price index - first quarter 2025

In Q1 2025, prices of second-hand dwellings in France (excluding Mayotte) went up, after two quarters of virtual stability: +1.0% (provisional seasonally adjusted results), after +0.1% in Q4 2024 and ‑0.1% in Q3 2024.

Over a year, prices rose after six consecutive quarters of decline: +0.5% in Q1 2025, after ‑2.1% in Q4 2024 and ‑3.9% in Q3 2024. Prices went up by 0.7% for flats and by 0.3% for houses.

Informations rapides
No 131
Paru le :Paru le27/05/2025
Changes in the number of transactions series

The method for estimating the number of transactions in second-hand dwellings has changed to take account of the reporting obligations in force for notary's offices since summer 2021. This change leads to a slight break in the series in Q3 2022. The series has also been revised since 2000 to take into account various corrections to the past. See the methodological note in the Documentation tab of this publication for further details.

In Q1 2025, prices of second-hand dwellings in France (excluding Mayotte) went up, after two quarters of virtual stability: +1.0% (provisional seasonally adjusted results), after +0.1% in Q4 2024 and ‑0.1% in Q3 2024.

Over a year, prices rose after six consecutive quarters of decline: +0.5% in Q1 2025, after ‑2.1% in Q4 2024 and ‑3.9% in Q3 2024. Prices went up by 0.7% for flats and by 0.3% for houses.

Variation in prices of second-hand dwellings in France over a year

Variation in prices of second-hand dwellings in France over a year
France - flats France France - houses
2025-Q1 0.7 0.5 0.3
2024-Q4 -1.8 -2.1 -2.3
2024-Q3 -3.8 -3.9 -3.9
2024-Q2 -4.9 -4.9 -4.8
2024-Q1 -5.5 -5.2 -4.9
2023-Q4 -4.1 -3.9 -3.8
2023-Q3 -2.0 -1.8 -1.6
2023-Q2 0.0 0.5 0.9
2023-Q1 2.1 2.7 3.0
2022-Q4 3.4 4.6 5.5
2022-Q3 4.1 6.4 8.1
2022-Q2 4.5 6.8 8.5
2022-Q1 4.7 7.3 9.1
2021-Q4 4.6 7.1 9.0
2021-Q3 5.3 7.5 9.0
2021-Q2 4.9 6.3 7.3
2021-Q1 5.1 6.0 6.6
2020-Q4 6.4 6.4 6.5
2020-Q3 6.6 5.2 4.3
2020-Q2 7.0 5.6 4.7
2020-Q1 6.4 4.9 3.9
2019-Q4 5.3 3.7 2.6
2019-Q3 4.0 3.2 2.5
2019-Q2 4.3 3.1 2.3
2019-Q1 3.8 3.0 2.5
2018-Q4 3.4 3.2 3.1
2018-Q3 3.4 2.9 2.6
2018-Q2 3.3 2.8 2.5
2018-Q1 3.8 2.9 2.3
2017-Q4 4.3 3.3 2.5
2017-Q3 4.5 3.2 2.4
2017-Q2 3.7 3.1 2.6
2017-Q1 3.0 2.5 2.1
2016-Q4 1.6 1.5 1.4
2016-Q3 1.0 1.3 1.5
2016-Q2 0.5 0.6 0.7
2016-Q1 -0.4 0.3 0.9
2015-Q4 -1.1 -0.4 0.2
2015-Q3 -2.0 -1.8 -1.6
2015-Q2 -3.0 -2.6 -2.4
2015-Q1 -2.8 -2.4 -2.1
2014-Q4 -2.4 -2.5 -2.6
2014-Q3 -2.0 -1.4 -1.0
2014-Q2 -1.3 -1.4 -1.4
2014-Q1 -1.4 -1.9 -2.2
2013-Q4 -1.8 -1.9 -2.0
2013-Q3 -1.7 -2.3 -2.8
2013-Q2 -1.9 -2.2 -2.5
2013-Q1 -1.5 -2.0 -2.4
2012-Q4 -1.4 -2.1 -2.6
2012-Q3 -0.8 -1.7 -2.3
2012-Q2 1.0 -0.3 -1.2
2012-Q1 3.8 1.8 0.4
2011-Q4 6.2 3.7 1.8
2011-Q3 8.8 6.2 4.2
2011-Q2 10.0 7.1 4.9
2011-Q1 9.5 7.1 5.3
  • Note: data for the last quarter are provisional.

Variation in prices of second-hand dwellings in France over a year

  • Note: data for the last quarter are provisional.
  • Scope: France (excluding Mayotte).
  • Source: INSEE, French notaries - ADSN Group, Grand Paris notaries - PNS.

Variation in prices of second-hand dwellings in France

Variation in prices of second-hand dwellings in France
change in
3 months (S.A.) 12 months
2024 Q3 2024 Q4 2025 Q1 (p) 2024 Q3 2024 Q4 2025 Q1 (p)
France -0.1 0.1 1.0 -3.9 -2.1 0.5
Flats -0.1 0.3 0.8 -3.8 -1.8 0.7
Houses -0.1 -0.1 1.1 -3.9 -2.3 0.3
  • (p): provisional.
  • Scope: France (excluding Mayotte).
  • Source: INSEE, ADSN – BIEN – Grand Paris notaries, French notaries, Perval society.

In Île-de-France, prices of houses and flats rebounded in Q1 2025

In Q1 2025, the prices of second-hand dwellings in Île-de-France went up over a quarter, after nine quarters of decline: +0.9%, after ‑0.3% in Q4 2024 and ‑0.1% in Q3 2024. The increase was more pronounced for houses (+1.3% in Q1 2025 after ‑1.4%) than for flats (+0.7% in Q1 2025 after +0.3%). Flat prices increased more in Paris (+1.1% after +0.5%) than in the immediate suburbs (+0.5% after +0.2%) and in the outer suburbs (+0.4% after ‑0.1%).

Over a year, prices of second-hand dwellings in Île-de-France continued to fall, but at a much slower pace: ‑0.3% in Q1 2025, after ‑3.7% in Q4 2024 and ‑5.3% in Q3 2024. This decline was driven by house prices (‑1.1% after ‑5.1%), while flat prices were virtually stable (+0.1% after ‑2.9%). Flat prices rose slightly over a year in Paris (+0.4% after ‑3.1%), they fell slightly in the immediate suburbs (‑0.4% after ‑3.3%) and were stable in the outer suburbs (after ‑1.9%).

In Provincial France, prices were also back on the rise

In Q1 2025, prices of second-hand dwellings in Provincial France rose after two quarters of quasi-stability: +1.0% after +0.1% in Q4 2024 and ‑0.1% in Q3 2024.

Over a year, the prices of second-hand dwellings were anew on the rise: +0.7% in Q1 2025, after ‑1.7% in Q4 2024. The rise in prices was more marked for flats (+1.1% after ‑1.2%) than for houses (+0.5% after ‑1.9%).

Second-hand dwellings price index in metropolitan France

Second-hand dwellings price index in metropolitan France
Province - flats Province - houses Île-de-France - flats Île-de-France - houses
2025-Q1 132.4 130.9 117.0 113.7
2024-Q4 131.2 129.5 116.1 112.3
2024-Q3 130.9 129.5 115.8 113.9
2024-Q2 130.8 129.7 116.2 113.4
2024-Q1 131.0 130.3 116.9 115.0
2023-Q4 132.7 132.0 119.6 118.2
2023-Q3 134.9 134.4 122.2 120.3
2023-Q2 136.0 135.7 124.4 123.2
2023-Q1 136.2 136.3 126.9 125.2
2022-Q4 135.4 136.4 128.5 126.9
2022-Q3 134.3 135.9 129.1 127.2
2022-Q2 132.3 133.9 129.0 125.5
2022-Q1 130.1 131.7 128.6 124.5
2021-Q4 128.3 128.8 127.6 122.5
2021-Q3 125.4 125.2 128.7 120.6
2021-Q2 123.1 122.7 127.9 118.7
2021-Q1 120.6 119.8 127.4 117.5
2020-Q4 118.7 117.7 127.5 115.4
2020-Q3 116.5 114.4 125.7 112.5
2020-Q2 115.2 114.1 125.2 112.0
2020-Q1 113.4 112.5 123.0 109.7
2019-Q4 111.2 110.7 120.4 108.1
2019-Q3 109.4 109.9 118.2 107.9
2019-Q2 108.1 108.9 116.7 106.9
2019-Q1 107.0 108.0 115.2 106.3
2018-Q4 106.0 107.5 113.7 107.2
2018-Q3 105.8 106.9 112.6 106.2
2018-Q2 104.2 106.1 111.1 105.9
2018-Q1 104.1 105.4 109.8 105.0
2017-Q4 103.3 104.2 108.8 104.4
2017-Q3 103.1 104.0 108.0 103.8
2017-Q2 102.3 103.3 106.1 103.1
2017-Q1 101.6 103.0 104.5 102.5
2016-Q4 100.2 101.7 103.0 101.6
2016-Q3 99.6 101.6 102.2 101.3
2016-Q2 99.5 100.6 101.4 100.9
2016-Q1 99.6 100.9 100.4 100.5
2015-Q4 99.8 100.4 100.1 99.9
2015-Q3 99.9 100.0 99.9 100.0
2015-Q2 99.9 99.9 99.8 99.7
2015-Q1 100.6 100.0 100.3 100.0
2014-Q4 100.9 100.2 101.2 100.3
2014-Q3 102.2 101.7 101.5 101.6
2014-Q2 103.2 102.4 102.6 101.6
2014-Q1 103.6 102.2 103.0 102.2
2013-Q4 104.0 102.8 102.9 103.3
2013-Q3 104.1 102.7 103.5 103.4
2013-Q2 104.3 103.6 104.2 104.5
2013-Q1 105.0 104.4 104.6 104.9
2012-Q4 105.8 104.9 104.7 105.2
2012-Q3 106.1 105.9 105.2 105.0
2012-Q2 107.2 106.5 105.2 106.2
2012-Q1 107.8 107.1 105.1 106.9
2011-Q4 108.0 107.7 105.5 107.1
2011-Q3 108.0 108.4 105.0 107.0
2011-Q2 107.2 108.1 103.4 105.7
2011-Q1 106.1 107.2 99.2 103.8
2010-Q4 105.4 106.4 95.6 102.0
2010-Q3 103.9 104.7 92.0 100.0
2010-Q2 102.4 103.6 89.4 98.8
2010-Q1 101.0 102.4 86.8 97.2
2009-Q4 99.3 100.9 84.1 93.8
2009-Q3 98.3 99.9 82.7 93.2
2009-Q2 98.0 100.0 82.3 92.8
2009-Q1 99.5 101.9 84.7 95.8
2008-Q4 102.3 105.2 87.6 101.0
2008-Q3 104.8 108.9 89.0 104.4
2008-Q2 106.4 110.3 89.2 105.9
2008-Q1 106.7 111.3 88.4 105.9
2007-Q4 106.3 110.9 87.6 106.3
2007-Q3 104.8 109.6 85.4 105.0
2007-Q2 103.6 108.6 84.0 104.5
2007-Q1 102.7 107.2 82.6 103.5
2006-Q4 101.9 105.9 81.0 100.7
2006-Q3 100.0 103.8 79.5 99.5
2006-Q2 97.6 101.9 78.0 97.5
2006-Q1 95.3 99.5 75.8 95.0
2005-Q4 92.1 96.8 73.5 91.8
2005-Q3 89.0 94.3 71.5 88.4
2005-Q2 86.1 91.2 68.6 85.4
2005-Q1 82.5 88.4 66.2 82.1
2004-Q4 79.5 85.3 63.8 79.4
2004-Q3 76.2 82.2 61.4 77.0
2004-Q2 73.0 79.5 59.4 74.1
2004-Q1 70.3 77.1 57.2 72.0
2003-Q4 66.6 74.6 55.1 69.7
2003-Q3 64.4 72.3 53.3 66.8
2003-Q2 62.0 70.4 51.9 65.0
2003-Q1 59.7 68.5 50.3 63.5
2002-Q4 58.0 67.0 48.8 62.2
2002-Q3 56.2 65.2 47.4 61.4
2002-Q2 54.3 63.4 46.1 60.1
2002-Q1 52.8 62.0 44.8 58.8
2001-Q4 51.8 60.7 44.2 58.5
2001-Q3 50.5 59.6 43.5 58.0
2001-Q2 50.0 58.6 42.5 57.5
2001-Q1 48.9 57.3 41.9 55.8
2000-Q4 47.8 56.1 40.9 54.8
2000-Q3 47.3 55.2 40.3 54.1
2000-Q2 46.4 54.0 39.4 52.9
2000-Q1 45.7 53.1 38.4 52.2
1999-Q4 44.9 51.7 37.1 50.6
1999-Q3 44.1 50.6 36.3 49.9
1999-Q2 43.3 49.5 35.2 48.6
1999-Q1 42.9 48.8 34.8 48.1
1998-Q4 42.2 47.3 34.0 46.9
1998-Q3 41.8 46.6 33.6 46.4
1998-Q2 41.4 46.2 33.5 46.0
1998-Q1 41.0 45.5 33.4 45.6
1997-Q4 41.2 45.8 33.3 45.4
1997-Q3 40.9 44.9 33.3 45.0
1997-Q2 42.0 44.3 33.9 45.5
1997-Q1 41.9 42.5 34.0 45.0
1996-Q4 42.4 43.6 35.1 46.2
1996-Q3 42.2 42.7 35.3 45.4
1996-Q2 42.2 42.3 35.9 45.0
1996-Q1 42.1 41.7 36.5 45.4
1995-Q4 41.9 41.0
1995-Q3 42.4 40.6
1995-Q2 42.2 39.6
1995-Q1 42.6 39.9
1994-Q4 42.6 39.4
  • Note: data for the last quarter are provisional.

Second-hand dwellings price index in metropolitan France

  • Note: data for the last quarter are provisional.
  • Scope: Metropolitan France.
  • Source: INSEE, French notaries - ADSN Group, Grand Paris notaries - PNS.

Variation in prices of second-hand dwellings in metropolitan France

Variation in prices of second-hand dwellings in metropolitan France
Change in
3 months (S.A.) 12 months
2024 Q3 2024 Q4 2025 Q1 (p) 2024 Q3 2024 Q4 2025 Q1 (p)
Metropolitan France -0.1 0.0 1.0 -3.9 -2.2 0.4
Île-de-France -0.1 -0.3 0.9 -5.3 -3.7 -0.3
Provincial France -0.1 0.1 1.0 -3.4 -1.7 0.7
- Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes -0.2 0.1 1.4 -4.1 -2.2 0.8
- Hauts-de-France 0.0 1.1 0.5 -2.9 -0.6 2.0
- Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur 0.2 0.3 0.3 -2.3 -1.0 0.4
Flats -0.1 0.3 0.8 -3.9 -1.9 0.7
Île-de-France -0.3 0.3 0.7 -5.2 -2.9 0.1
- Paris -0.4 0.5 1.1 -5.5 -3.1 0.4
- Immediate suburbs -0.2 0.2 0.5 -5.6 -3.3 -0.4
- Outer suburbs -0.4 -0.1 0.4 -3.9 -1.9 0.0
Provincial France 0.0 0.3 0.9 -3.0 -1.2 1.1
- Conurbation > 10 000 inhabitants 0.0 0.3 0.9 -3.2 -1.3 0.9
* Central town 0.0 0.4 0.8 -3.4 -1.2 0.9
* Suburb 0.1 0.1 1.0 -2.6 -1.4 1.0
- Conurbation < 10 000 inhabitants 0.2 0.2 1.2 -1.3 -0.4 2.4
- Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes 0.6 -0.3 0.7 -3.6 -2.3 0.2
* Lyon 0.1 -1.1 0.3 -6.8 -4.8 -2.3
- Hauts-de-France 0.4 1.0 1.0 -2.5 -0.5 3.3
- Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur -0.2 0.4 0.8 -1.4 -0.2 1.8
* Marseille -0.5 1.2 -0.1 -4.0 0.0 1.5
Houses -0.1 -0.2 1.1 -3.9 -2.3 0.3
Île-de-France 0.4 -1.4 1.3 -5.4 -5.1 -1.1
- Immediate suburbs 1.1 -1.9 0.8 -5.3 -6.5 -1.7
- Outer suburbs 0.0 -1.2 1.5 -5.4 -4.4 -0.8
Provincial France -0.2 0.0 1.1 -3.6 -1.9 0.5
- Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes -0.9 0.4 1.9 -4.5 -2.0 1.2
- Hauts-de-France 0.0 1.1 0.4 -2.9 -0.6 1.7
* Conurbation of Lille -1.2 2.2 -1.0 -3.3 -0.9 1.5
- Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur 0.6 0.3 -0.1 -3.1 -1.8 -1.0
  • Additional data (for example by department in Île-de-France) are available on the web page of the indicator.
  • (p): provisional.
  • Scope: Metropolitan France.
  • Source: INSEE, ADSN – BIEN – Grand Paris notaries. French notaries. Perval society.

The annual number of transactions went up

At the end of March 2025, the annual number of transactions over the last twelve months was estimated at 880,000, after 845,000 at the end of December 2024 and 832,000 at the end of September 2024 (according to the revised series). The annual volume of transactions has been back on the rise since October 2024, after a discontinuous decline that began at the end of April 2022. The proportion of transactions concerned 2.3% of the dwelling stock: this share has been rising anew since two quarters, but has remained well below its peak in Q3 2021 (3.4%). It also remained below the level of the early 2000s, before the economic crisis of 2008.

Volume of transactions of second-hand dwellings over the last 12 months

Volume of transactions of second-hand dwellings over the last 12 months
Volume of transactions of second-hand dwellings over the last 12 months
2025-03 880
2025-02 860
2025-01 853
2024-12 845
2024-11 835
2024-10 835
2024-09 832
2024-08 833
2024-07 837
2024-06 837
2024-05 856
2024-04 870
2024-03 875
2024-02 900
2024-01 915
2023-12 932
2023-11 956
2023-10 974
2023-09 989
2023-08 1017
2023-07 1038
2023-06 1069
2023-05 1088
2023-04 1110
2023-03 1131
2023-02 1146
2023-01 1158
2022-12 1166
2022-11 1174
2022-10 1178
2022-09 1189
2022-08 1209
2022-07 1219
2022-06 1223
2022-05 1240
2022-04 1245
2022-03 1237
2022-02 1241
2022-01 1229
2021-12 1230
2021-11 1238
2021-10 1237
2021-09 1248
2021-08 1251
2021-07 1231
2021-06 1188
2021-05 1151
2021-04 1142
2021-03 1102
2021-02 1059
2021-01 1045
2020-12 1040
2020-11 1039
2020-10 1022
2020-09 1003
2020-08 1001
2020-07 998
2020-06 1025
2020-05 1047
2020-04 1026
2020-03 1056
2020-02 1089
2020-01 1093
2019-12 1087
2019-11 1081
2019-10 1065
2019-09 1061
2019-08 1052
2019-07 1039
2019-06 1033
2019-05 1012
2019-04 1004
2019-03 1000
2019-02 991
2019-01 985
2018-12 982
2018-11 982
2018-10 974
2018-09 971
2018-08 960
2018-07 963
2018-06 965
2018-05 962
2018-04 967
2018-03 969
2018-02 967
2018-01 973
2017-12 971
2017-11 962
2017-10 961
2017-09 956
2017-08 941
2017-07 935
2017-06 923
2017-05 908
2017-04 896
2017-03 882
2017-02 875
2017-01 856
2016-12 850
2016-11 836
2016-10 834
2016-09 829
2016-08 834
2016-07 833
2016-06 823
2016-05 828
2016-04 823
2016-03 813
2016-02 809
2016-01 807
2015-12 801
2015-11 796
2015-10 774
2015-09 755
2015-08 739
2015-07 727
2015-06 715
2015-05 700
2015-04 696
2015-03 696
2015-02 690
2015-01 697
2014-12 694
2014-11 708
2014-10 722
2014-09 727
2014-08 737
2014-07 735
2014-06 738
2014-05 746
2014-04 739
2014-03 739
2014-02 741
2014-01 724
2013-12 721
2013-11 711
2013-10 694
2013-09 692
2013-08 684
2013-07 681
2013-06 680
2013-05 668
2013-04 669
2013-03 666
2013-02 658
2013-01 665
2012-12 713
2012-11 723
2012-10 734
2012-09 740
2012-08 742
2012-07 763
2012-06 787
2012-05 789
2012-04 807
2012-03 821
2012-02 840
2012-01 838
2011-12 806
2011-11 809
2011-10 815
2011-09 826
2011-08 823
2011-07 819
2011-06 812
2011-05 803
2011-04 805
2011-03 801
2011-02 789
2011-01 783
2010-12 780
2010-11 764
2010-10 752
2010-09 741
2010-08 728
2010-07 719
2010-06 703
2010-05 687
2010-04 669
2010-03 660
2010-02 642
2010-01 625
2009-12 598
2009-11 589
2009-10 579
2009-09 572
2009-08 568
2009-07 575
2009-06 582
2009-05 589
2009-04 604
2009-03 614
2009-02 634
2009-01 661
2008-12 679
2008-11 696
2008-10 714
2008-09 722
2008-08 742
2008-07 757
2008-06 763
2008-05 781
2008-04 791
2008-03 801
2008-02 807
2008-01 804
2007-12 815
2007-11 817
2007-10 819
2007-09 826
2007-08 828
2007-07 821
2007-06 827
2007-05 826
2007-04 818
2007-03 818
2007-02 819
2007-01 820
2006-12 825
2006-11 828
2006-10 830
2006-09 836
2006-08 838
2006-07 834
2006-06 840
2006-05 841
2006-04 839
2006-03 838
2006-02 836
2006-01 836
2005-12 833
2005-11 833
2005-10 828
2005-09 825
2005-08 823
2005-07 824
2005-06 820
2005-05 819
2005-04 826
2005-03 830
2005-02 829
2005-01 827
2004-12 827
2004-11 828
2004-10 830
2004-09 831
2004-08 831
2004-07 838
2004-06 840
2004-05 832
2004-04 834
2004-03 828
2004-02 823
2004-01 824
2003-12 818
2003-11 818
2003-10 817
2003-09 810
2003-08 802
2003-07 804
2003-06 797
2003-05 803
2003-04 803
2003-03 801
2003-02 805
2003-01 812
2002-12 813
2002-11 811
2002-10 808
2002-09 805
2002-08 813
2002-07 807
2002-06 801
2002-05 800
2002-04 794
2002-03 795
2002-02 796
2002-01 783
2001-12 786
2001-11 787
2001-10 791
2001-09 793
2001-08 789
2001-07 785
2001-06 792
2001-05 794
2001-04 792
2001-03 788
2001-02 795
2001-01 799
2000-12 796
2000-11 792
2000-10 787
2000-09 783
2000-08 779
2000-07 774
2000-06 770
2000-05 766
2000-04 762
2000-03 757
2000-02 753
2000-01 749
  • Note: The method for estimating the number of transactions in existing homes has changed to take account of the reporting obligations in force for notary's offices since summer 2021. This change leads to a slight break in the series in September 2022. The series has also been revised since 2000 to take into account various corrections to the past. See Methodological note for further details. Values for the last quarter are provisional.

Volume of transactions of second-hand dwellings over the last 12 months

  • Note: The method for estimating the number of transactions in existing homes has changed to take account of the reporting obligations in force for notary's offices since summer 2021. This change leads to a slight break in the series in September 2022. The series has also been revised since 2000 to take into account various corrections to the past. See Methodological note for further details. Values for the last quarter are provisional.
  • Scope: France (excluding Mayotte).
  • Source : Base des Références Immobilières, Notaires de France – ADSN, DGFiP (MEDOC) ; INSEE calculations.

Revisions

The second-hand housing price index and the number of transactions may be revised in order to include observations recorded after the previous publication.

In comparison with the results released on 27 February 2025, the quarterly change in prices of second-hand dwellings in France (excluding Mayotte) in Q4 2024 is not revised (after rounding): +0.1%. Due to a change in calculation method, the series on the number of transactions has been revised since 2000 (see methodological note).

For further information

The calculation of indices is based on the transactions completed over the quarter. The methodology is based on models explaining the price of housing according to its characteristics. The current value of a reference housing stock is estimated thanks to these models. Methodological principles of calculation of indices and the number of transactions may be found in the “Documentation” tab of the digital version of this publication.

Next issue: 9 September 2025 at 8:45 am.

Pour en savoir plus

The calculation of indices is based on the transactions completed over the quarter. The methodology is based on models explaining the price of housing according to its characteristics. The current value of a reference housing stock is estimated thanks to these models. Methodological principles of calculation of indices and the number of transactions may be found in the “Documentation” tab of the digital version of this publication.

Next issue: 9 September 2025 at 8:45 am.

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