Informations Rapides ·
24 January 2023 · n° 15In January 2023, the business climate in manufacturing industry has slightly improved Monthly business survey (goods-producing industries) - January 2023
According to the business managers surveyed in January 2023, the indicator of the business climate in the manufacturing industry has slightly improved for the second month in a row. At 103, the synthetic indicator is above its long-term average. The balances of opinion on the change in the past production and on the foreign order books have contributed to the rise of the synthetic indicator.
According to the business managers surveyed in January 2023, the indicator of the business climate in the manufacturing industry has slightly improved for the second month in a row. At 103, the synthetic indicator is above its long-term average. The balances of opinion on the change in the past production and on the foreign order books have contributed to the rise of the synthetic indicator.
tableauBusiness climate in manufacturing - Composite indicator
Business climate in manufacturing - Composite indicator | |
---|---|
2023-01 | 103.1 |
2022-12 | 102.1 |
2022-11 | 101.0 |
2022-10 | 102.9 |
2022-09 | 101.5 |
2022-08 | 103.4 |
2022-07 | 105.6 |
2022-06 | 107.9 |
2022-05 | 106.3 |
2022-04 | 107.6 |
2022-03 | 107.4 |
2022-02 | 112.3 |
2022-01 | 112.8 |
2021-12 | 109.7 |
2021-11 | 109.4 |
2021-10 | 107.0 |
2021-09 | 106.4 |
2021-08 | 109.5 |
2021-07 | 109.1 |
2021-06 | 107.7 |
2021-05 | 107.0 |
2021-04 | 103.4 |
2021-03 | 98.4 |
2021-02 | 98.0 |
2021-01 | 96.3 |
2020-12 | 95.2 |
2020-11 | 91.7 |
2020-10 | 94.0 |
2020-09 | 94.0 |
2020-08 | 91.3 |
2020-07 | 81.5 |
2020-06 | 77.2 |
2020-05 | 70.1 |
2020-04 | 66.6 |
2020-03 | 97.3 |
2020-02 | 100.9 |
2020-01 | 102.6 |
2019-12 | 99.3 |
2019-11 | 101.8 |
2019-10 | 99.4 |
2019-09 | 101.5 |
2019-08 | 102.0 |
2019-07 | 101.2 |
2019-06 | 101.8 |
2019-05 | 103.7 |
2019-04 | 101.2 |
2019-03 | 103.3 |
2019-02 | 103.4 |
2019-01 | 103.5 |
2018-12 | 103.5 |
2018-11 | 105.0 |
2018-10 | 104.2 |
2018-09 | 107.1 |
2018-08 | 108.6 |
2018-07 | 108.3 |
2018-06 | 109.6 |
2018-05 | 109.7 |
2018-04 | 110.4 |
2018-03 | 110.5 |
2018-02 | 112.5 |
2018-01 | 113.7 |
2017-12 | 111.8 |
2017-11 | 111.5 |
2017-10 | 111.0 |
2017-09 | 110.9 |
2017-08 | 110.0 |
2017-07 | 108.0 |
2017-06 | 108.8 |
2017-05 | 108.7 |
2017-04 | 108.5 |
2017-03 | 105.5 |
2017-02 | 106.7 |
2017-01 | 105.9 |
2016-12 | 105.7 |
2016-11 | 102.1 |
2016-10 | 102.1 |
2016-09 | 103.4 |
2016-08 | 101.5 |
2016-07 | 101.5 |
2016-06 | 101.4 |
2016-05 | 104.2 |
2016-04 | 104.7 |
2016-03 | 102.5 |
2016-02 | 102.9 |
2016-01 | 102.7 |
2015-12 | 102.5 |
2015-11 | 102.3 |
2015-10 | 103.1 |
2015-09 | 104.7 |
2015-08 | 103.5 |
2015-07 | 101.5 |
2015-06 | 100.2 |
2015-05 | 101.7 |
2015-04 | 101.5 |
2015-03 | 98.9 |
2015-02 | 98.4 |
2015-01 | 98.7 |
2014-12 | 98.7 |
2014-11 | 98.8 |
2014-10 | 97.3 |
2014-09 | 96.8 |
2014-08 | 96.5 |
2014-07 | 96.2 |
2014-06 | 96.5 |
2014-05 | 98.2 |
2014-04 | 100.2 |
2014-03 | 100.7 |
2014-02 | 98.2 |
2014-01 | 99.5 |
2013-12 | 99.2 |
2013-11 | 98.0 |
2013-10 | 97.8 |
2013-09 | 95.8 |
2013-08 | 98.4 |
2013-07 | 94.6 |
2013-06 | 92.6 |
2013-05 | 91.9 |
2013-04 | 87.6 |
2013-03 | 90.5 |
2013-02 | 90.4 |
2013-01 | 89.7 |
2012-12 | 90.8 |
2012-11 | 91.6 |
2012-10 | 87.0 |
2012-09 | 92.6 |
2012-08 | 92.8 |
2012-07 | 91.0 |
2012-06 | 93.0 |
2012-05 | 94.7 |
2012-04 | 95.5 |
2012-03 | 96.4 |
2012-02 | 94.8 |
2012-01 | 94.8 |
2011-12 | 94.6 |
2011-11 | 97.5 |
2011-10 | 97.3 |
2011-09 | 99.1 |
2011-08 | 101.2 |
2011-07 | 104.8 |
2011-06 | 109.8 |
2011-05 | 107.2 |
2011-04 | 110.1 |
2011-03 | 110.1 |
2011-02 | 106.8 |
2011-01 | 108.6 |
2010-12 | 104.1 |
2010-11 | 101.7 |
2010-10 | 104.0 |
2010-09 | 102.8 |
2010-08 | 100.3 |
2010-07 | 97.1 |
2010-06 | 95.6 |
2010-05 | 96.4 |
2010-04 | 94.9 |
2010-03 | 91.0 |
2010-02 | 88.5 |
2010-01 | 90.0 |
2009-12 | 87.3 |
2009-11 | 87.4 |
2009-10 | 85.0 |
2009-09 | 83.8 |
2009-08 | 80.7 |
2009-07 | 76.2 |
2009-06 | 74.7 |
2009-05 | 72.1 |
2009-04 | 70.3 |
2009-03 | 66.3 |
2009-02 | 68.3 |
2009-01 | 72.4 |
2008-12 | 73.1 |
2008-11 | 79.6 |
2008-10 | 86.9 |
2008-09 | 91.5 |
2008-08 | 98.0 |
2008-07 | 98.7 |
2008-06 | 103.4 |
2008-05 | 104.1 |
2008-04 | 107.3 |
2008-03 | 109.9 |
2008-02 | 110.2 |
2008-01 | 110.5 |
2007-12 | 112.4 |
2007-11 | 112.2 |
2007-10 | 109.9 |
2007-09 | 110.5 |
2007-08 | 110.9 |
2007-07 | 111.4 |
2007-06 | 111.2 |
2007-05 | 110.0 |
2007-04 | 111.9 |
2007-03 | 111.3 |
2007-02 | 111.7 |
2007-01 | 108.2 |
2006-12 | 109.2 |
2006-11 | 109.6 |
2006-10 | 107.1 |
2006-09 | 108.0 |
2006-08 | 108.5 |
2006-07 | 108.9 |
2006-06 | 108.6 |
2006-05 | 108.8 |
2006-04 | 107.8 |
2006-03 | 106.3 |
2006-02 | 106.5 |
2006-01 | 103.0 |
2005-12 | 104.0 |
2005-11 | 101.0 |
2005-10 | 101.0 |
2005-09 | 98.8 |
2005-08 | 99.5 |
2005-07 | 100.0 |
2005-06 | 98.9 |
2005-05 | 96.9 |
2005-04 | 96.5 |
2005-03 | 99.6 |
2005-02 | 103.0 |
2005-01 | 103.2 |
graphiqueBusiness climate in manufacturing - Composite indicator
tableauIndustrialists’ opinion on manufacturing industry
Manufacturing industry | Ave.* | Oct-22 | Nov-22 | Dec-22 | Jan-23 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Composite indicator | 100 | 103 | 101 | 102 | 103 |
Past production | 5 | 6 | 0 | 8 | 11 |
Finished-goods inventory | 12 | 20 | 27 | 25 | 14 |
Overall order books | -18 | -12 | -16 | -15 | -17 |
Foreign order books | -14 | -8 | -10 | -15 | -12 |
Past workforce size | -9 | 8 | 10 | 13 | 13 |
Expected workforce size | -10 | 14 | 12 | 14 | 12 |
Personal production expectations | 6 | 12 | 17 | 16 | 17 |
General production expectations | -7 | -8 | -10 | -6 | -7 |
Expected trend in selling prices | 4 | 31 | 39 | 47 | 33 |
Economic uncertainty felt** | 30 | 37 | 36 | 40 | 38 |
- * Long-term average since 1976 except for the economic uncertainty felt (April 2021).
- ** Non-seasonally adjusted balance of opinion
- Source: INSEE - Monthly business tendency survey in industry
The balance of opinion on the change in the past production has grown again
In January 2023, the balance of opinion on the change of production over the last three months has grown for the second month in a row and has moved away from its long-term average. The one on the change in production over the next three months remains well above its own. The balance related to the general prospects of production has slightly diminished and has reached its average.
The balance of opinion associated with the current level of the inventories of finished-goods has strongly decreased after having reached last November its highest level since 2008. Yet, it remains superior to its average.
The balance of opinion on the overall order books has slightly decreased and has reached its lowest level since March 2021, even if it remains slightly above its long-term average. On the contrary, the balance of opinion on the foreign order books has increased somewhat, after two months of decline, and is back above its average.
The balance of opinion related to the expected trend in selling prices during the next three months has distinctly declined after a two month rise but remains high. The balance of opinion on economic uncertainty felt by the business managers has barely diminished and remains high.
The balances of opinion related to the workforce size remain above their respective averages. Nevertheless, the one related to the expected change in workforce size has slightly shrunk.
The share of companies declaring sourcing difficulties as a factor limiting their production has reduced again. It stands at 30% in January 2023, after having reached 45% in July 2022. Conversely, the share of companies declaring being limited in their production by workforce shortage, already well above its average, has increased this month.
tableauShare of companies declaring obstacles limiting their production
Manufacturing industry | Ave.** | Oct-22 | Nov-22 | Dec-22 | Jan-23 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Difficulties of supply and demand | 9 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 14 |
Sourcing difficulties | 10 | 37 | 32 | 32 | 30 |
Workforce shortage | 9 | 23 | 20 | 20 | 22 |
Difficulties of supply only | 22 | 53 | 49 | 47 | 45 |
Difficulties of demand only | 40 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 16 |
- * Quaterly series from January 1991 then monthly series from May 2022
- ** Long-term average since 1991 on monthly series (over the quarterly collection period, the point collected in the first month of each quarter was carried over identically to the following two months).
- Sources : INSEE – Quarterly business survey in industry
The business climate has improved in particular in the manufacture of transport equipment
The business climate indicator in the manufacture of transport equipment branch has rebounded in January 2023, after two months of decline, and moves away from its average. This improvement concerns the industry of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers as well as that of the "other transport equipment". In particular, order books have been considered to be healthier.
The business climate has improved in the so-called “other industries” sector, but sub-sectors have contrasted evolutions. Thus, the indicator has clearly increased in textiles, but more moderately in metallurgy or chemicals, sectors in which it remains below its long-term average. It has decreased in the wood, paper and printing industry as well as in the manufacture of rubber and plastic products.
Finally, the business climate has darkened slightly in the manufacture of machinery and equipment goods: in this sector, the balance of opinion on past production has fallen for the second month in a row.
tableauBusiness climates in a sector-based approach
(C1) | (C3) | (C4) | (C5) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
2023-01 | 99.2 | 110.2 | 104.1 | 96.9 |
2022-12 | 99.8 | 111.3 | 100.8 | 96.2 |
2022-11 | 104.3 | 110.1 | 102.4 | 95.5 |
2022-10 | 107.0 | 112.9 | 105.5 | 95.7 |
2022-09 | 106.4 | 110.3 | 99.3 | 97.9 |
2022-08 | 107.0 | 112.4 | 100.6 | 99.2 |
2022-07 | 107.1 | 111.8 | 106.2 | 101.3 |
2022-06 | 108.6 | 110.9 | 103.1 | 105.8 |
2022-05 | 105.4 | 110.4 | 102.3 | 104.3 |
2022-04 | 107.7 | 112.5 | 101.9 | 108.7 |
2022-03 | 110.5 | 111.5 | 100.6 | 108.0 |
2022-02 | 110.4 | 114.9 | 106.0 | 111.5 |
2022-01 | 109.9 | 116.1 | 106.2 | 110.5 |
2021-12 | 116.8 | 115.9 | 90.8 | 112.2 |
2021-11 | 115.4 | 115.5 | 96.5 | 113.2 |
2021-10 | 111.6 | 115.4 | 91.5 | 110.3 |
2021-09 | 109.2 | 115.0 | 89.0 | 112.2 |
2021-08 | 111.3 | 119.6 | 93.6 | 112.4 |
2021-07 | 114.5 | 115.0 | 92.9 | 114.0 |
2021-06 | 118.7 | 114.8 | 90.7 | 110.6 |
2021-05 | 115.0 | 111.6 | 91.0 | 109.7 |
2021-04 | 104.1 | 113.2 | 89.6 | 107.2 |
2021-03 | 100.3 | 106.5 | 84.7 | 104.1 |
2021-02 | 93.8 | 105.8 | 91.1 | 101.4 |
2021-01 | 89.3 | 104.6 | 88.6 | 100.4 |
2020-12 | 89.5 | 96.2 | 88.1 | 101.9 |
2020-11 | 92.3 | 91.7 | 89.8 | 94.7 |
2020-10 | 93.3 | 94.6 | 91.7 | 94.6 |
2020-09 | 102.2 | 91.3 | 92.3 | 92.3 |
2020-08 | 95.8 | 91.6 | 91.5 | 87.5 |
2020-07 | 88.9 | 85.0 | 80.3 | 81.2 |
2020-06 | 92.3 | 78.8 | 77.2 | 78.7 |
2020-05 | 90.0 | 75.9 | 75.5 | 73.9 |
2020-04 | 91.3 | 76.7 | 73.2 | 73.2 |
2020-03 | 106.7 | 97.9 | 96.0 | 97.2 |
2020-02 | 107.4 | 99.3 | 100.6 | 100.1 |
2020-01 | 107.2 | 100.6 | 106.2 | 99.3 |
2019-12 | 107.3 | 97.2 | 99.8 | 97.9 |
2019-11 | 103.6 | 97.6 | 105.7 | 100.8 |
2019-10 | 105.1 | 96.2 | 100.8 | 98.8 |
2019-09 | 107.5 | 99.2 | 101.5 | 101.2 |
2019-08 | 108.1 | 99.6 | 101.5 | 101.4 |
2019-07 | 104.3 | 102.5 | 99.5 | 100.2 |
2019-06 | 108.5 | 98.6 | 101.0 | 100.4 |
2019-05 | 111.5 | 103.9 | 102.9 | 101.9 |
2019-04 | 106.1 | 101.0 | 101.4 | 100.7 |
2019-03 | 105.9 | 100.6 | 103.1 | 101.3 |
2019-02 | 107.9 | 104.5 | 101.2 | 101.1 |
2019-01 | 107.3 | 103.1 | 103.0 | 101.9 |
2018-12 | 107.1 | 101.9 | 102.8 | 102.3 |
2018-11 | 109.2 | 101.7 | 104.3 | 102.7 |
2018-10 | 102.0 | 106.5 | 104.0 | 102.6 |
2018-09 | 106.8 | 106.9 | 105.5 | 104.6 |
2018-08 | 107.5 | 107.7 | 106.8 | 105.5 |
2018-07 | 107.4 | 107.7 | 106.5 | 106.2 |
2018-06 | 110.1 | 107.5 | 110.3 | 105.4 |
2018-05 | 107.6 | 110.9 | 108.6 | 107.4 |
2018-04 | 108.9 | 109.6 | 113.0 | 107.4 |
2018-03 | 108.5 | 109.6 | 111.8 | 109.2 |
2018-02 | 109.8 | 110.4 | 112.7 | 109.8 |
2018-01 | 110.9 | 112.1 | 112.7 | 110.7 |
2017-12 | 110.5 | 110.8 | 110.8 | 110.4 |
2017-11 | 112.1 | 109.3 | 109.5 | 110.9 |
2017-10 | 110.7 | 109.2 | 108.9 | 110.1 |
2017-09 | 107.0 | 107.0 | 109.8 | 108.3 |
2017-08 | 108.4 | 106.5 | 108.9 | 108.0 |
2017-07 | 108.4 | 108.6 | 108.7 | 106.5 |
2017-06 | 111.3 | 108.0 | 105.6 | 108.1 |
2017-05 | 105.6 | 108.6 | 105.9 | 106.9 |
2017-04 | 103.4 | 106.8 | 106.4 | 107.6 |
2017-03 | 103.8 | 104.5 | 105.9 | 104.6 |
2017-02 | 105.2 | 103.7 | 106.8 | 106.0 |
2017-01 | 103.5 | 102.3 | 107.2 | 105.2 |
2016-12 | 108.1 | 103.4 | 105.0 | 104.5 |
2016-11 | 107.5 | 99.7 | 102.7 | 101.2 |
2016-10 | 106.2 | 97.5 | 106.1 | 100.9 |
2016-09 | 108.5 | 98.4 | 105.7 | 100.2 |
2016-08 | 98.9 | 98.2 | 104.3 | 101.1 |
2016-07 | 104.1 | 97.7 | 105.5 | 101.4 |
2016-06 | 102.7 | 97.2 | 106.3 | 101.2 |
2016-05 | 103.0 | 97.7 | 106.4 | 103.5 |
2016-04 | 105.5 | 100.1 | 109.5 | 101.0 |
2016-03 | 101.1 | 99.1 | 106.4 | 100.9 |
2016-02 | 99.9 | 100.6 | 109.4 | 99.6 |
2016-01 | 101.3 | 100.6 | 108.5 | 99.3 |
2015-12 | 99.4 | 98.1 | 108.1 | 101.4 |
2015-11 | 101.9 | 99.6 | 108.2 | 99.2 |
2015-10 | 104.0 | 98.3 | 108.2 | 99.6 |
2015-09 | 105.3 | 96.2 | 109.5 | 102.3 |
2015-08 | 102.8 | 97.5 | 108.2 | 101.2 |
2015-07 | 108.2 | 98.3 | 105.2 | 102.5 |
2015-06 | 104.7 | 97.1 | 105.6 | 100.6 |
2015-05 | 101.7 | 97.2 | 105.3 | 101.3 |
2015-04 | 104.2 | 96.7 | 107.4 | 100.4 |
2015-03 | 100.3 | 94.1 | 105.7 | 99.9 |
2015-02 | 99.0 | 95.2 | 101.5 | 100.0 |
2015-01 | 102.9 | 93.6 | 102.1 | 99.5 |
2014-12 | 98.7 | 92.3 | 100.1 | 99.9 |
2014-11 | 95.7 | 92.3 | 100.4 | 99.5 |
2014-10 | 95.2 | 92.7 | 97.6 | 98.2 |
2014-09 | 94.0 | 92.3 | 101.2 | 97.0 |
2014-08 | 94.9 | 93.5 | 98.2 | 100.3 |
2014-07 | 96.6 | 89.6 | 99.6 | 98.9 |
2014-06 | 95.3 | 91.9 | 98.5 | 98.3 |
2014-05 | 97.7 | 93.8 | 98.7 | 99.2 |
2014-04 | 95.5 | 92.6 | 103.2 | 99.9 |
2014-03 | 99.5 | 92.8 | 101.1 | 102.1 |
2014-02 | 98.7 | 94.0 | 98.4 | 98.0 |
2014-01 | 99.0 | 91.5 | 102.8 | 98.4 |
2013-12 | 98.0 | 92.0 | 100.3 | 98.9 |
2013-11 | 97.8 | 92.9 | 102.4 | 98.4 |
2013-10 | 95.1 | 90.6 | 104.0 | 97.4 |
2013-09 | 94.5 | 90.3 | 97.9 | 96.9 |
2013-08 | 95.1 | 91.9 | 101.8 | 96.8 |
2013-07 | 91.9 | 89.9 | 99.1 | 94.7 |
2013-06 | 92.2 | 89.3 | 95.1 | 93.0 |
2013-05 | 91.0 | 89.7 | 95.2 | 91.6 |
2013-04 | 91.3 | 89.8 | 93.2 | 89.1 |
2013-03 | 93.6 | 89.1 | 94.1 | 91.1 |
2013-02 | 97.5 | 88.8 | 94.6 | 90.1 |
2013-01 | 97.1 | 87.8 | 92.7 | 91.1 |
2012-12 | 98.4 | 87.8 | 92.6 | 91.7 |
2012-11 | 97.8 | 87.3 | 93.1 | 92.1 |
2012-10 | 90.6 | 86.0 | 95.9 | 89.2 |
2012-09 | 96.3 | 91.0 | 97.4 | 93.5 |
2012-08 | 93.2 | 90.3 | 95.5 | 93.3 |
2012-07 | 94.1 | 90.8 | 95.4 | 92.1 |
2012-06 | 94.5 | 91.1 | 96.0 | 93.5 |
2012-05 | 93.0 | 94.7 | 95.2 | 95.6 |
2012-04 | 98.5 | 96.1 | 94.4 | 97.5 |
2012-03 | 101.9 | 96.6 | 103.3 | 96.9 |
2012-02 | 99.9 | 95.9 | 94.0 | 95.7 |
2012-01 | 99.2 | 96.0 | 95.2 | 93.9 |
2011-12 | 97.8 | 96.2 | 100.4 | 94.3 |
2011-11 | 101.6 | 95.8 | 102.5 | 94.0 |
2011-10 | 104.0 | 98.1 | 100.5 | 96.2 |
2011-09 | 101.4 | 99.4 | 99.2 | 97.9 |
2011-08 | 103.1 | 100.5 | 102.2 | 100.1 |
2011-07 | 110.9 | 102.6 | 104.2 | 104.6 |
2011-06 | 108.0 | 104.5 | 109.8 | 108.5 |
2011-05 | 109.3 | 103.4 | 105.6 | 107.3 |
2011-04 | 108.6 | 104.8 | 106.2 | 109.6 |
2011-03 | 106.3 | 106.7 | 106.6 | 109.3 |
2011-02 | 107.1 | 102.6 | 100.0 | 108.0 |
2011-01 | 108.7 | 104.4 | 105.5 | 104.8 |
graphiqueBusiness climates in a sector-based approach
tableauBusiness climates in a sector-based approach
NA* : (A17) and [A38 and A64] | Weights** (%) | Nov-22 | Dec-22 | Jan-23 |
---|---|---|---|---|
(C1) Man. of food products and beverages | 20 | 104 | 100 | 99 |
(C3) Machinery and equipment goods | 11 | 110 | 111 | 110 |
[CI] Computer, electronic and optical products | 3 | 108 | 115 | 114 |
[CJ] Electrical equipment | 3 | 101 | 97 | 99 |
[CK] Machinery and equipment | 5 | 114 | 116 | 112 |
(C4) Man. of transport equipment | 18 | 102 | 101 | 104 |
[CL1] Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers | 9 | 99 | 97 | 100 |
[CL2] Other transport equipment | 9 | 103 | 104 | 105 |
(C5) Other manufacturing | 46 | 95 | 96 | 97 |
[CB] Textiles, clothing industries, leather and footwear industry | 2 | 108 | 101 | 107 |
[CC] Wood, paper, printing | 5 | 96 | 92 | 88 |
[CE] Chemicals and chemical products | 8 | 86 | 87 | 89 |
[CG] Rubber and plastic products | 7 | 94 | 101 | 96 |
[CH] Basic metals and fabricated metal products | 11 | 94 | 94 | 97 |
[CM] Other manufacturing industries / Manufacture of other industrial products | 9 | 107 | 107 | 106 |
- * NA: aggregated classification, based on the French classification of activities NAF rév.2.
- ** Weights used to aggregate sub-sectors’ balances of opinion.
- Source: INSEE - Monthly business tendency survey in industry
Updates
The business climate in manufacturing industry of December 2022 has been revised upwards by one point, due to the inclusion of late responses.
For further information
For questions with three possible answers, a balance of opinion is the difference between the weighted percentage of “above normal” or “increase” answers and the weighted percentage of “below normal” or “decrease” answers.
Since the definitive data of April 2020, the way of correcting non-response has been modified. The usual method was to fill in missing answers by carrying on past answers from non-responding companies. Results are now computed on the sole basis of responding companies.
Answers to this survey have been gathered between 28 December 2022 and 18 January 2023.
Additional information (methodology, links, etc.) is available on the “Documentation” tab.
Next issue: 22 February 2023 at 8:45 am.
Documentation
Changes to business tendency surveys – October 2021 (pdf,181 Ko)
Abbreviated methodology (pdf,157 Ko)
Pour en savoir plus
For questions with three possible answers, a balance of opinion is the difference between the weighted percentage of “above normal” or “increase” answers and the weighted percentage of “below normal” or “decrease” answers.
Since the definitive data of April 2020, the way of correcting non-response has been modified. The usual method was to fill in missing answers by carrying on past answers from non-responding companies. Results are now computed on the sole basis of responding companies.
Answers to this survey have been gathered between 28 December 2022 and 18 January 2023.
Additional information (methodology, links, etc.) is available on the “Documentation” tab.
Next issue: 22 February 2023 at 8:45 am.