23 October 2019
2019- n° 274In October 2019, the business climate is stable in services Monthly survey of services - October 2019
According to business managers surveyed in October 2019, the business climate in services is stable. At 106, it stands well above its long-term average (100).
- The balances of opinion on activity have weakened a little
- In road freight transport, the business climate has weakened
- In accommodation and food services, the business climate continues to improve
- The climate has slightly recovered in information-communication
- The climate remains at its average in real estate activities
- In professional, scientific and technical activities, the business climate remains very favourable
- The climate has slightly decreased in administrative and support services
- For further information
According to business managers surveyed in October 2019, the business climate in services is stable. At 106, it stands well above its long-term average (100).
tableauBusiness climate composite indicator
Business climate composite indicator | |
---|---|
1998-01 | 104.4 |
1998-02 | 105.6 |
1998-03 | 106.8 |
1998-04 | 108.0 |
1998-05 | 107.7 |
1998-06 | 107.3 |
1998-07 | 106.9 |
1998-08 | 106.0 |
1998-09 | 105.2 |
1998-10 | 104.3 |
1998-11 | 102.5 |
1998-12 | 100.6 |
1999-01 | 98.7 |
1999-02 | 99.6 |
1999-03 | 100.5 |
1999-04 | 101.4 |
1999-05 | 102.9 |
1999-06 | 104.4 |
1999-07 | 106.0 |
1999-08 | 108.7 |
1999-09 | 111.5 |
1999-10 | 114.2 |
1999-11 | 112.7 |
1999-12 | 111.2 |
2000-01 | 109.6 |
2000-02 | 109.0 |
2000-03 | 108.5 |
2000-04 | 107.9 |
2000-05 | 111.3 |
2000-06 | 114.7 |
2000-07 | 113.1 |
2000-08 | 115.4 |
2000-09 | 116.9 |
2000-10 | 116.2 |
2000-11 | 115.1 |
2000-12 | 115.7 |
2001-01 | 114.7 |
2001-02 | 113.4 |
2001-03 | 113.6 |
2001-04 | 109.0 |
2001-05 | 106.1 |
2001-06 | 105.9 |
2001-07 | 103.4 |
2001-08 | 102.6 |
2001-09 | 101.2 |
2001-10 | 95.9 |
2001-11 | 95.2 |
2001-12 | 95.6 |
2002-01 | 96.6 |
2002-02 | 98.0 |
2002-03 | 102.1 |
2002-04 | 104.5 |
2002-05 | 105.5 |
2002-06 | 102.6 |
2002-07 | 100.8 |
2002-08 | 99.3 |
2002-09 | 97.2 |
2002-10 | 97.9 |
2002-11 | 99.5 |
2002-12 | 100.5 |
2003-01 | 96.8 |
2003-02 | 95.3 |
2003-03 | 90.1 |
2003-04 | 87.1 |
2003-05 | 91.6 |
2003-06 | 93.2 |
2003-07 | 96.6 |
2003-08 | 98.2 |
2003-09 | 99.2 |
2003-10 | 100.1 |
2003-11 | 101.6 |
2003-12 | 104.2 |
2004-01 | 106.6 |
2004-02 | 106.6 |
2004-03 | 106.4 |
2004-04 | 106.1 |
2004-05 | 106.8 |
2004-06 | 105.5 |
2004-07 | 106.8 |
2004-08 | 106.3 |
2004-09 | 105.5 |
2004-10 | 106.9 |
2004-11 | 106.3 |
2004-12 | 109.5 |
2005-01 | 106.9 |
2005-02 | 106.6 |
2005-03 | 108.9 |
2005-04 | 108.6 |
2005-05 | 106.4 |
2005-06 | 109.0 |
2005-07 | 108.3 |
2005-08 | 107.9 |
2005-09 | 107.5 |
2005-10 | 109.1 |
2005-11 | 106.9 |
2005-12 | 107.2 |
2006-01 | 109.4 |
2006-02 | 106.7 |
2006-03 | 108.2 |
2006-04 | 108.5 |
2006-05 | 111.4 |
2006-06 | 110.0 |
2006-07 | 111.2 |
2006-08 | 111.3 |
2006-09 | 111.5 |
2006-10 | 111.8 |
2006-11 | 114.3 |
2006-12 | 112.5 |
2007-01 | 111.8 |
2007-02 | 113.3 |
2007-03 | 114.5 |
2007-04 | 114.2 |
2007-05 | 114.1 |
2007-06 | 113.7 |
2007-07 | 114.3 |
2007-08 | 113.3 |
2007-09 | 112.5 |
2007-10 | 111.0 |
2007-11 | 111.1 |
2007-12 | 109.9 |
2008-01 | 111.4 |
2008-02 | 109.4 |
2008-03 | 109.5 |
2008-04 | 107.8 |
2008-05 | 105.0 |
2008-06 | 101.5 |
2008-07 | 96.7 |
2008-08 | 95.0 |
2008-09 | 92.8 |
2008-10 | 83.2 |
2008-11 | 78.8 |
2008-12 | 75.2 |
2009-01 | 72.3 |
2009-02 | 71.0 |
2009-03 | 65.2 |
2009-04 | 65.3 |
2009-05 | 69.8 |
2009-06 | 74.9 |
2009-07 | 79.1 |
2009-08 | 82.1 |
2009-09 | 85.6 |
2009-10 | 89.1 |
2009-11 | 90.6 |
2009-12 | 91.3 |
2010-01 | 92.9 |
2010-02 | 93.1 |
2010-03 | 93.4 |
2010-04 | 96.9 |
2010-05 | 98.8 |
2010-06 | 97.8 |
2010-07 | 98.7 |
2010-08 | 100.4 |
2010-09 | 101.5 |
2010-10 | 102.9 |
2010-11 | 105.0 |
2010-12 | 107.3 |
2011-01 | 107.6 |
2011-02 | 110.0 |
2011-03 | 111.4 |
2011-04 | 109.9 |
2011-05 | 108.3 |
2011-06 | 107.8 |
2011-07 | 105.5 |
2011-08 | 100.6 |
2011-09 | 98.2 |
2011-10 | 96.9 |
2011-11 | 94.5 |
2011-12 | 94.1 |
2012-01 | 92.0 |
2012-02 | 91.3 |
2012-03 | 92.8 |
2012-04 | 95.0 |
2012-05 | 91.0 |
2012-06 | 88.7 |
2012-07 | 88.2 |
2012-08 | 85.9 |
2012-09 | 85.6 |
2012-10 | 84.3 |
2012-11 | 83.6 |
2012-12 | 85.4 |
2013-01 | 86.6 |
2013-02 | 85.2 |
2013-03 | 82.1 |
2013-04 | 81.1 |
2013-05 | 82.7 |
2013-06 | 84.2 |
2013-07 | 84.7 |
2013-08 | 86.8 |
2013-09 | 90.9 |
2013-10 | 90.3 |
2013-11 | 91.2 |
2013-12 | 89.5 |
2014-01 | 91.1 |
2014-02 | 90.9 |
2014-03 | 91.8 |
2014-04 | 92.2 |
2014-05 | 91.0 |
2014-06 | 91.0 |
2014-07 | 91.4 |
2014-08 | 90.3 |
2014-09 | 89.6 |
2014-10 | 90.0 |
2014-11 | 89.9 |
2014-12 | 90.0 |
2015-01 | 89.7 |
2015-02 | 90.1 |
2015-03 | 91.0 |
2015-04 | 92.7 |
2015-05 | 94.5 |
2015-06 | 96.0 |
2015-07 | 96.8 |
2015-08 | 98.0 |
2015-09 | 96.9 |
2015-10 | 99.2 |
2015-11 | 98.9 |
2015-12 | 96.4 |
2016-01 | 99.7 |
2016-02 | 99.5 |
2016-03 | 99.1 |
2016-04 | 97.8 |
2016-05 | 100.5 |
2016-06 | 98.7 |
2016-07 | 100.0 |
2016-08 | 99.7 |
2016-09 | 100.5 |
2016-10 | 100.4 |
2016-11 | 100.5 |
2016-12 | 103.7 |
2017-01 | 101.5 |
2017-02 | 102.7 |
2017-03 | 103.3 |
2017-04 | 103.1 |
2017-05 | 102.7 |
2017-06 | 103.5 |
2017-07 | 103.9 |
2017-08 | 106.2 |
2017-09 | 107.0 |
2017-10 | 107.2 |
2017-11 | 107.9 |
2017-12 | 109.5 |
2018-01 | 108.2 |
2018-02 | 106.8 |
2018-03 | 107.1 |
2018-04 | 106.1 |
2018-05 | 104.3 |
2018-06 | 105.0 |
2018-07 | 104.5 |
2018-08 | 103.6 |
2018-09 | 104.6 |
2018-10 | 103.1 |
2018-11 | 103.7 |
2018-12 | 101.9 |
2019-01 | 103.5 |
2019-02 | 103.3 |
2019-03 | 104.7 |
2019-04 | 105.6 |
2019-05 | 106.1 |
2019-06 | 106.5 |
2019-07 | 105.2 |
2019-08 | 104.8 |
2019-09 | 105.9 |
2019-10 | 105.9 |
graphiqueBusiness climate composite indicator

- Source: INSEE.
The balances of opinion on activity have weakened a little
The balances of opinion on past and expected activity have weakened but stand above their long-term average. The balances on expected demand and on the general outlook of activity on the sector, already clearly above their average, have continued to grow slightly. After two consecutive decreases in August and in September, the balances of opinion on prices have recovered and stand above their long-term average.
Concerning employment, the balance on past employment has decreased again and moved below its average whereas that on expected employment have increased and stand well above its. Otherwise, as in July, nearly four in ten business managers have reported difficulties in recruitment compared to three in ten on average on the long period.
The balance on past investment is stable whereas that on expected investment has increased. Both are above their average.
More business managers than in July have reported demand difficulties only. Nevertheless their proportion remains significantly above its average. The share of business managers facing supply difficulties only is stable and just below its average level.
In October 2019, the turning point indicator remains in the area indicating a favourable short-term economic situation.
tableauTurning-point indicator
Turning-point indicator | |
---|---|
2010-01 | 0.96 |
2010-02 | -0.14 |
2010-03 | 0.44 |
2010-04 | 0.86 |
2010-05 | 0.99 |
2010-06 | 0.9 |
2010-07 | 0.77 |
2010-08 | 0.97 |
2010-09 | 0.97 |
2010-10 | 0.97 |
2010-11 | 0.96 |
2010-12 | 0.99 |
2011-01 | 0.91 |
2011-02 | 0.98 |
2011-03 | 1.0 |
2011-04 | 0.9 |
2011-05 | 0.51 |
2011-06 | 0.69 |
2011-07 | 0.16 |
2011-08 | -0.84 |
2011-09 | -0.98 |
2011-10 | -0.87 |
2011-11 | -0.81 |
2011-12 | -0.69 |
2012-01 | -0.69 |
2012-02 | -0.86 |
2012-03 | -0.59 |
2012-04 | -0.53 |
2012-05 | -0.94 |
2012-06 | -0.99 |
2012-07 | -0.88 |
2012-08 | -0.92 |
2012-09 | -0.77 |
2012-10 | -0.87 |
2012-11 | -0.83 |
2012-12 | -0.59 |
2013-01 | -0.36 |
2013-02 | -0.92 |
2013-03 | -0.95 |
2013-04 | -0.99 |
2013-05 | -0.88 |
2013-06 | -0.64 |
2013-07 | -0.58 |
2013-08 | -0.48 |
2013-09 | 0.32 |
2013-10 | -0.34 |
2013-11 | -0.03 |
2013-12 | -0.54 |
2014-01 | -0.36 |
2014-02 | -0.3 |
2014-03 | -0.24 |
2014-04 | -0.2 |
2014-05 | -0.89 |
2014-06 | -0.78 |
2014-07 | -0.69 |
2014-08 | -0.85 |
2014-09 | -0.7 |
2014-10 | -0.6 |
2014-11 | -0.95 |
2014-12 | -0.9 |
2015-01 | -0.99 |
2015-02 | -0.92 |
2015-03 | -0.78 |
2015-04 | -0.66 |
2015-05 | 0.52 |
2015-06 | 0.6 |
2015-07 | 0.7 |
2015-08 | 0.72 |
2015-09 | -0.47 |
2015-10 | 0.76 |
2015-11 | 0.72 |
2015-12 | -0.47 |
2016-01 | 0.48 |
2016-02 | 0.57 |
2016-03 | 0.37 |
2016-04 | 0.2 |
2016-05 | 0.77 |
2016-06 | -0.49 |
2016-07 | 0.14 |
2016-08 | -0.08 |
2016-09 | 0.38 |
2016-10 | 0.54 |
2016-11 | 0.27 |
2016-12 | 0.91 |
2017-01 | 0.73 |
2017-02 | 0.78 |
2017-03 | 0.7 |
2017-04 | 0.67 |
2017-05 | 0.15 |
2017-06 | 0.9 |
2017-07 | 0.78 |
2017-08 | 0.75 |
2017-09 | 0.97 |
2017-10 | 0.99 |
2017-11 | 0.99 |
2017-12 | 0.99 |
2018-01 | 0.84 |
2018-02 | 0.41 |
2018-03 | 0.49 |
2018-04 | 0.42 |
2018-05 | 0.48 |
2018-06 | 0.85 |
2018-07 | 0.75 |
2018-08 | 0.25 |
2018-09 | 0.4 |
2018-10 | -0.7 |
2018-11 | -0.49 |
2018-12 | -0.46 |
2019-01 | -0.22 |
2019-02 | -0.34 |
2019-03 | 0.75 |
2019-04 | 0.8 |
2019-05 | 0.98 |
2019-06 | 0.9 |
2019-07 | 0.83 |
2019-08 | 0.75 |
2019-09 | 0.7 |
2019-10 | 0.65 |
graphiqueTurning-point indicator

- Note: close to 1 (respectively -1), this indicator indicates a favourable short-term economic situation (respectively unfavourable). The uncertainty area is between -0.3 and +0.3.
- Source: INSEE.
tableauEconomic outlook in the services sector
Average* | Jul. 2019 | Aug. 2019 | Sep. 2019 | Oct. 2019 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Composite indicator | 100 | 105 | 105 | 106 | 106 |
General outlook | -7 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Past activity | 2 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 3 |
Expected activity | 2 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 5 |
Expected demand | 0 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Past selling prices | -4 | 1 | 0 | -2 | 2 |
Expected selling prices | -3 | 2 | -2 | -3 | 1 |
Past employment | 3 | 3 | 6 | 4 | 1 |
except temporary work agencies | 1 | 0 | 4 | -1 | 1 |
Expected employment | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 7 |
except temporary work agencies | 0 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 6 |
Investments | |||||
Past investments | 2 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 |
Expected investments | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
Operating balance result | |||||
Past result | -2 | 2 | 0 | ||
Expected result | -2 | -1 | -1 | ||
Cash position | -10 | -5 | -4 | ||
Difficulties of supply and demand | |||||
difficulties of supply and demand | 10 | 8 | 8 | ||
difficulties of supply only | 23 | 22 | 22 | ||
difficulties of demand only | 31 | 16 | 19 | ||
Difficulties in recruitment | 29 | 37 | 37 |
- * Average since 1989 for the composite indicator and since 1988 for the balances of opinion
- Source: INSEE, monthly business survey in services.
The business climate indicator is superior or equal to its long-term average in all sub-sectors. It is stable and equal to its average in real estate activities and has remained very favourable in professional, scientific and technical activities. It has decreased in road freight transport and in administrative and support services whereas it has improved in accommodation and food services and information-communication.
tableauBusiness climate composite indicator and balances of opinion by sub-sector in services
Aggregated classification (NA 2008) at level A21 | Mean* | Jul. 2019 | Aug. 2019 | Sep. 2019 | Oct. 2019 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Road freight transport (8%) | |||||
Composite indicator | 100 | 108 | 105 | 106 | 103 |
Past activity | -5 | 2 | -3 | -3 | -1 |
Expected activity | -6 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 0 |
Expected demand | -9 | 8 | -2 | 0 | -7 |
Past employment | -5 | -2 | -7 | -8 | -9 |
Expected employment | -7 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
General outlook | -19 | -6 | -9 | -6 | -7 |
Accommodation and food service activities (11%) | |||||
Composite indicator | 100 | 106 | 102 | 107 | 111 |
Past activity | -7 | 3 | 11 | 10 | 13 |
Expected activity | -7 | -4 | -15 | -4 | 5 |
Expected demand | -9 | -9 | -8 | -5 | 0 |
Past employment | -4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 11 |
Expected employment | -5 | 5 | 1 | 3 | -3 |
General outlook | -13 | -4 | -9 | -8 | -6 |
Information and communication (26%) | |||||
Composite indicator | 100 | 104 | 105 | 102 | 103 |
Past activity | 8 | 8 | 5 | 2 | -2 |
Expected activity | 9 | 13 | 16 | 12 | 6 |
Expected demand | 10 | 15 | 15 | 5 | 5 |
Past employment | 6 | 0 | 3 | -8 | -6 |
Expected employment | 11 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 14 |
General outlook | 0 | 9 | 10 | 8 | 11 |
Real estate activities (11%) | |||||
Composite indicator | 100 | 97 | 99 | 100 | 100 |
Past activity | 7 | 8 | 4 | 6 | 11 |
Expected activity | 7 | 5 | 8 | 8 | 6 |
Expected demand | 2 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 3 |
Past employment | 3 | -1 | -4 | 3 | -4 |
Expected employment | 3 | 6 | 10 | 0 | 5 |
General outlook | -3 | -6 | -3 | -3 | -3 |
Professionnel, scientific and technical activities (24%) | |||||
Composite indicator | 100 | 108 | 107 | 111 | 111 |
Past activity | -1 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 1 |
Expected activity | -2 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 6 |
Expected demand | -5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 6 |
Past employment | 1 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 4 |
Expected employment | 1 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 11 |
General outlook | -8 | -1 | 0 | 6 | 6 |
Administrative and support service activities (18%) | |||||
Composite indicator | 100 | 101 | 102 | 105 | 104 |
Past activity | 6 | 10 | 7 | 8 | 3 |
Expected activity | 5 | 3 | 4 | 9 | 11 |
Expected demand | 3 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 7 |
Past employment | 9 | 6 | 11 | 11 | 1 |
Expected employment | 8 | -5 | -1 | 2 | 10 |
General outlook | -3 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 5 |
- The figures in parentheses indicate the weights used to aggregate the sub-sector balances of opinion.
- *Composite indicator: average since 1989 (2006 for road transport); balances of opinion: average since 1988 (2006 for road transport)
- Source: INSEE, monthly business survey in services.
In road freight transport, the business climate has weakened
In road freight transport, the businness climate has lost three points. At 103, it stands however above its average. The balances on expected activity and on expected demand have sharply fallen. However, almost all balances remain above their average except that on past employment.
In accommodation and food services, the business climate continues to improve
In accommodation and food services, the climate has improved again and gained four points. At 111, it stands substantially above its average. All balances of opinion have increased except that on expected employment which has slipped back. Those on expected activity and on past employment have strongly increased. All balances are above their long-term average.
The climate has slightly recovered in information-communication
After a sharp fall the previous month, the business climate has recovered a little in information-communication. At 103, it has gained one point and hence remains above its average. Most of the balances have improved or are stable. However, the balances on past and expected activity have declined and stand below their average.
The climate remains at its average in real estate activities
In real estate activities, the business climate stands at 100, its long-term average. The decline in balances on expected activity, on expected demand and on past employment is offset by the improvement in those on past activity and on expected employment.
In professional, scientific and technical activities, the business climate remains very favourable
At 111, the business climate in professional, scientific and technical activities is, as the previous month, far above its long-term average. The decrease in the balances on past and expected activity and on expected employment is offset by the increase in the balances on past employment and on expected demand.
The climate has slightly decreased in administrative and support services
In administrative and support services, the climate has lost one point. At 104, it stands above its average. The balances on past activity, on general outlook and on past employment have declined whereas those on expected activity and on expected employment have improved.
For further information
A balance of opinion is calculated as the difference between the percentage of “increase” responses and the percentage of “decrease” responses.
Additional information (simplified and detailed methodology, nomenclature, etc.) is available on the “Documentation” tab of the web page of this publication.
Next issue: 21 November 2019 at 8:45 am
Documentation
Abbreviated methodology (pdf,185 Ko)
Pour en savoir plus
A balance of opinion is calculated as the difference between the percentage of “increase” responses and the percentage of “decrease” responses.
Additional information (simplified and detailed methodology, nomenclature, etc.) is available on the “Documentation” tab of the web page of this publication.
Next issue: 21 November 2019 at 8:45 am
Time series : Economic outlook surveys – Services