Informations Rapides ·
22 April 2021
In April 2021, demand in the industrial sector has picked up and difficulties of supply
have increased Quarterly business survey (goods-producing industries) - April 2021
The business leaders surveyed in April 2021 have indicated that demand has increased these last months and that this movement should continue for the next three months. Indeed, the balances of opinion on past demand, overall demand as well as foreign demand, have rebounded sharply this quarter after having fallen last January. Both of them are back above their average level. The balances on expected change in overall demand and foreign demand have also risen vigorously, and have gone back above their long-run averages.
Manufacturers have indicated that demand has grown in recent months and that this movement should continue
The business leaders surveyed in April 2021 have indicated that demand has increased these last months and that this movement should continue for the next three months. Indeed, the balances of opinion on past demand, overall demand as well as foreign demand, have rebounded sharply this quarter after having fallen last January. Both of them are back above their average level. The balances on expected change in overall demand and foreign demand have also risen vigorously, and have gone back above their long-run averages.
tableauOpinion on global demand
| Past change | Expected change | |
|---|---|---|
| 1998-Q1 | 26.6 | 14.4 |
| 1998-Q2 | 18.6 | 12.4 |
| 1998-Q3 | 18.0 | 11.9 |
| 1998-Q4 | 11.9 | 0.3 |
| 1999-Q1 | 4.5 | -1.3 |
| 1999-Q2 | -1.7 | 2.4 |
| 1999-Q3 | 13.2 | 11.9 |
| 1999-Q4 | 23.8 | 21.9 |
| 2000-Q1 | 30.3 | 15.1 |
| 2000-Q2 | 32.7 | 18.1 |
| 2000-Q3 | 28.6 | 20.4 |
| 2000-Q4 | 33.2 | 22.7 |
| 2001-Q1 | 11.9 | 15.3 |
| 2001-Q2 | 9.1 | 2.8 |
| 2001-Q3 | -0.4 | 1.1 |
| 2001-Q4 | -12.1 | -13.3 |
| 2002-Q1 | -23.8 | -4.6 |
| 2002-Q2 | -10.4 | 5.4 |
| 2002-Q3 | -8.0 | -1.8 |
| 2002-Q4 | -19.2 | -6.6 |
| 2003-Q1 | -6.3 | -1.6 |
| 2003-Q2 | -22.0 | -10.8 |
| 2003-Q3 | -19.8 | -7.8 |
| 2003-Q4 | -9.1 | 1.4 |
| 2004-Q1 | 0.1 | 7.5 |
| 2004-Q2 | 10.0 | 9.1 |
| 2004-Q3 | 12.8 | 10.1 |
| 2004-Q4 | 8.5 | 14.4 |
| 2005-Q1 | 16.9 | 6.3 |
| 2005-Q2 | -3.6 | 1.3 |
| 2005-Q3 | 2.0 | 5.5 |
| 2005-Q4 | 2.5 | 10.0 |
| 2006-Q1 | 14.8 | 7.4 |
| 2006-Q2 | 16.4 | 12.9 |
| 2006-Q3 | 13.1 | 9.4 |
| 2006-Q4 | 15.9 | 13.7 |
| 2007-Q1 | 13.2 | 10.6 |
| 2007-Q2 | 17.4 | 10.3 |
| 2007-Q3 | 23.1 | 14.6 |
| 2007-Q4 | 17.7 | 16.0 |
| 2008-Q1 | 16.5 | 13.8 |
| 2008-Q2 | 14.7 | 9.0 |
| 2008-Q3 | -8.3 | -13.1 |
| 2008-Q4 | -21.7 | -24.3 |
| 2009-Q1 | -42.2 | -36.4 |
| 2009-Q2 | -53.1 | -27.7 |
| 2009-Q3 | -23.4 | -11.8 |
| 2009-Q4 | -12.0 | -1.8 |
| 2010-Q1 | 9.4 | -0.1 |
| 2010-Q2 | 6.3 | 2.1 |
| 2010-Q3 | 18.3 | 1.3 |
| 2010-Q4 | 17.3 | 10.9 |
| 2011-Q1 | 25.0 | 10.1 |
| 2011-Q2 | 20.8 | 8.6 |
| 2011-Q3 | 14.5 | 6.3 |
| 2011-Q4 | 0.7 | -4.1 |
| 2012-Q1 | -4.4 | -7.4 |
| 2012-Q2 | -2.7 | 3.4 |
| 2012-Q3 | -16.0 | -9.5 |
| 2012-Q4 | -16.8 | -7.5 |
| 2013-Q1 | -15.5 | -8.2 |
| 2013-Q2 | -24.2 | -4.3 |
| 2013-Q3 | -10.5 | -5.1 |
| 2013-Q4 | -2.1 | 1.6 |
| 2014-Q1 | 2.7 | 2.7 |
| 2014-Q2 | 6.2 | 6.4 |
| 2014-Q3 | -5.7 | 3.6 |
| 2014-Q4 | -2.1 | 3.4 |
| 2015-Q1 | -3.8 | 0.7 |
| 2015-Q2 | 4.1 | 6.5 |
| 2015-Q3 | 1.2 | 5.1 |
| 2015-Q4 | 5.4 | 6.8 |
| 2016-Q1 | 2.0 | 3.9 |
| 2016-Q2 | 12.9 | 7.7 |
| 2016-Q3 | 11.7 | 4.8 |
| 2016-Q4 | 4.5 | 7.4 |
| 2017-Q1 | 11.5 | 7.3 |
| 2017-Q2 | 10.4 | 8.9 |
| 2017-Q3 | 16.2 | 11.1 |
| 2017-Q4 | 18.8 | 17.1 |
| 2018-Q1 | 21.1 | 16.2 |
| 2018-Q2 | 17.6 | 13.8 |
| 2018-Q3 | 9.5 | 9.0 |
| 2018-Q4 | -0.8 | 7.0 |
| 2019-Q1 | 1.7 | 11.1 |
| 2019-Q2 | 2.7 | 4.0 |
| 2019-Q3 | -1.6 | 2.5 |
| 2019-Q4 | 3.4 | -0.1 |
| 2020-Q1 | -2.6 | 5.2 |
| 2020-Q2 | -26.9 | -64.6 |
| 2020-Q3 | -43.6 | 6.8 |
| 2020-Q4 | 6.6 | -3.7 |
| 2021-Q1 | -5.0 | -3.9 |
| 2021-Q2 | 8.5 | 7.7 |
graphiqueOpinion on global demand
- Source: INSEE
tableauIndustrialists’ opinion: demand and production factors
| Manufacturing industry | Mean | Jul. 20 | Oct. 20 | Jan. 21 | Apr. 21 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall demand | |||||
| Past change | 0 | -44 | 7 | -5 | 8 |
| Expected change | 1 | 7 | -4 | -4 | 8 |
| Foreign demand | |||||
| Past change | 1 | -57 | -9 | -14 | 6 |
| Expected change | 3 | -10 | -13 | -9 | 4 |
| Production factors | |||||
| Production bottlenecks (in %) | 23 | 27 | 28 | 26 | 31 |
| Assessment of productive capacity | 13 | 11 | 16 | 18 | 16 |
| Production capacity utilisation rate (in %) | 83 | 74 | 77 | 79 | 80 |
| Difficulties of supply and demand (in %) | |||||
| Difficulties of supply and demand | 9 | 11 | 14 | 19 | 15 |
| Difficulties of supply only | 20 | 22 | 16 | 17 | 30 |
| Difficulties of demand only | 42 | 39 | 31 | 27 | 21 |
- * : Long-term average since 1976, expect for supply and demand (since 1991).
- The results of the latest survey are preliminary
- Sources : INSEE – Quarterly business survey in industry
Difficulties of supply are being more frequent
In April 2021, many more business leaders than at the start of the year have experienced difficulties of supply preventing them from increasing production as they would have liked to.
The proportion of companies declaring only difficulties of supply has soared well above its average. The increase has been particularly marked in the manufacturing of transport equipment and to a lesser extent in the one of machinery and equipment goods. On the other hand, the share of companies declaring only demand difficulties has decreased. Finally, the proportion of companies declaring both supply and demand difficulties has declined.
Rising selling prices
As they have been more strongly constrained by difficulties of supply while demand has been recovering, the business leaders surveyed have stated that their selling prices have increased during the first quarter: they have estimated, on average, this increase to + 1.7% over the past three months. This estimate is the highest since April 2011. In addition, manufacturers are expecting a positive trend in selling prices over the next three months. The proportion of companies experiencing cash flow difficulties has been almost stable, and has remained lower than its average over the long term.
Recruitment difficulties have accumulated
The production capacity utilisation rate has grown weakly again. At 80%, it still remains slightly below its long-term level (83%). This indicator has been pulled down by the manufacturing of transport equipment, where it has remained well below its average level.
tableauProduction capacity utilisation rate
| Production capacity utilisation rate | |
|---|---|
| 1998-Q1 | 83.0 |
| 1998-Q2 | 83.3 |
| 1998-Q3 | 84.6 |
| 1998-Q4 | 83.3 |
| 1999-Q1 | 84.0 |
| 1999-Q2 | 83.0 |
| 1999-Q3 | 83.5 |
| 1999-Q4 | 84.3 |
| 2000-Q1 | 83.8 |
| 2000-Q2 | 85.0 |
| 2000-Q3 | 85.5 |
| 2000-Q4 | 86.1 |
| 2001-Q1 | 86.2 |
| 2001-Q2 | 85.8 |
| 2001-Q3 | 84.9 |
| 2001-Q4 | 84.2 |
| 2002-Q1 | 84.1 |
| 2002-Q2 | 85.0 |
| 2002-Q3 | 84.1 |
| 2002-Q4 | 83.3 |
| 2003-Q1 | 83.4 |
| 2003-Q2 | 82.7 |
| 2003-Q3 | 82.6 |
| 2003-Q4 | 82.2 |
| 2004-Q1 | 82.7 |
| 2004-Q2 | 82.6 |
| 2004-Q3 | 82.8 |
| 2004-Q4 | 82.9 |
| 2005-Q1 | 82.7 |
| 2005-Q2 | 82.6 |
| 2005-Q3 | 82.8 |
| 2005-Q4 | 82.4 |
| 2006-Q1 | 83.4 |
| 2006-Q2 | 84.2 |
| 2006-Q3 | 85.1 |
| 2006-Q4 | 85.6 |
| 2007-Q1 | 84.8 |
| 2007-Q2 | 85.9 |
| 2007-Q3 | 85.9 |
| 2007-Q4 | 86.7 |
| 2008-Q1 | 86.4 |
| 2008-Q2 | 85.5 |
| 2008-Q3 | 84.9 |
| 2008-Q4 | 83.2 |
| 2009-Q1 | 75.4 |
| 2009-Q2 | 72.2 |
| 2009-Q3 | 73.3 |
| 2009-Q4 | 75.4 |
| 2010-Q1 | 75.2 |
| 2010-Q2 | 77.5 |
| 2010-Q3 | 77.9 |
| 2010-Q4 | 79.5 |
| 2011-Q1 | 80.7 |
| 2011-Q2 | 82.6 |
| 2011-Q3 | 82.5 |
| 2011-Q4 | 82.6 |
| 2012-Q1 | 81.3 |
| 2012-Q2 | 81.4 |
| 2012-Q3 | 80.5 |
| 2012-Q4 | 80.4 |
| 2013-Q1 | 80.9 |
| 2013-Q2 | 80.4 |
| 2013-Q3 | 80.2 |
| 2013-Q4 | 80.4 |
| 2014-Q1 | 80.7 |
| 2014-Q2 | 80.5 |
| 2014-Q3 | 81.9 |
| 2014-Q4 | 80.8 |
| 2015-Q1 | 80.8 |
| 2015-Q2 | 82.3 |
| 2015-Q3 | 82.0 |
| 2015-Q4 | 82.3 |
| 2016-Q1 | 81.0 |
| 2016-Q2 | 82.3 |
| 2016-Q3 | 83.5 |
| 2016-Q4 | 83.0 |
| 2017-Q1 | 84.0 |
| 2017-Q2 | 83.8 |
| 2017-Q3 | 84.6 |
| 2017-Q4 | 84.6 |
| 2018-Q1 | 85.9 |
| 2018-Q2 | 85.3 |
| 2018-Q3 | 85.4 |
| 2018-Q4 | 85.1 |
| 2019-Q1 | 84.9 |
| 2019-Q2 | 84.6 |
| 2019-Q3 | 83.7 |
| 2019-Q4 | 83.1 |
| 2020-Q1 | 82.8 |
| 2020-Q2 | 60.5 |
| 2020-Q3 | 74.5 |
| 2020-Q4 | 77.4 |
| 2021-Q1 | 78.9 |
| 2021-Q2 | 80.3 |
graphiqueProduction capacity utilisation rate
- Source: INSEE
Concerning the change in the workforce size, the balances of opinion of industrialists have been practically unchanged compared to January, both for the recent past and for the near future. The two balances have remained above their average. However, the proportion of companies declaring hiring difficulties has increased sharply, after having remained below its average from July 2020 to January 2021.
tableauOpinion on workforce size in the manufacturing industry
| Expected change | Past change | |
|---|---|---|
| 1998-01 | -6.5 | -1.5 |
| 1998-02 | NaN | NaN |
| 1998-03 | NaN | NaN |
| 1998-04 | -6.1 | 1.9 |
| 1998-05 | NaN | NaN |
| 1998-06 | NaN | NaN |
| 1998-07 | -5.3 | 1.0 |
| 1998-08 | NaN | NaN |
| 1998-09 | NaN | NaN |
| 1998-10 | -6.6 | -1.7 |
| 1998-11 | NaN | NaN |
| 1998-12 | NaN | NaN |
| 1999-01 | -7.2 | -4.4 |
| 1999-02 | NaN | NaN |
| 1999-03 | NaN | NaN |
| 1999-04 | -8.7 | -7.5 |
| 1999-05 | NaN | NaN |
| 1999-06 | NaN | NaN |
| 1999-07 | -5.6 | -6.7 |
| 1999-08 | NaN | NaN |
| 1999-09 | NaN | NaN |
| 1999-10 | 1.6 | 7.1 |
| 1999-11 | NaN | NaN |
| 1999-12 | NaN | NaN |
| 2000-01 | 7.1 | 5.9 |
| 2000-02 | NaN | NaN |
| 2000-03 | NaN | NaN |
| 2000-04 | 6.1 | 6.4 |
| 2000-05 | NaN | NaN |
| 2000-06 | NaN | NaN |
| 2000-07 | 10.8 | 13.8 |
| 2000-08 | NaN | NaN |
| 2000-09 | NaN | NaN |
| 2000-10 | 13.0 | 15.6 |
| 2000-11 | NaN | NaN |
| 2000-12 | NaN | NaN |
| 2001-01 | 9.9 | 17.6 |
| 2001-02 | NaN | NaN |
| 2001-03 | NaN | NaN |
| 2001-04 | 6.2 | 9.6 |
| 2001-05 | NaN | NaN |
| 2001-06 | NaN | NaN |
| 2001-07 | 0.5 | 6.8 |
| 2001-08 | NaN | NaN |
| 2001-09 | NaN | NaN |
| 2001-10 | -10.4 | 0.0 |
| 2001-11 | NaN | NaN |
| 2001-12 | NaN | NaN |
| 2002-01 | -11.9 | -8.6 |
| 2002-02 | NaN | NaN |
| 2002-03 | NaN | NaN |
| 2002-04 | -8.1 | -9.0 |
| 2002-05 | NaN | NaN |
| 2002-06 | NaN | NaN |
| 2002-07 | -7.1 | -9.6 |
| 2002-08 | NaN | NaN |
| 2002-09 | NaN | NaN |
| 2002-10 | -13.4 | -12.7 |
| 2002-11 | NaN | NaN |
| 2002-12 | NaN | NaN |
| 2003-01 | -10.0 | -15.3 |
| 2003-02 | -17.9 | -16.4 |
| 2003-03 | -17.7 | -14.3 |
| 2003-04 | -18.1 | -13.5 |
| 2003-05 | -17.8 | -17.7 |
| 2003-06 | -23.2 | -15.8 |
| 2003-07 | -21.5 | -18.1 |
| 2003-08 | -21.5 | -17.0 |
| 2003-09 | -21.7 | -16.2 |
| 2003-10 | -20.1 | -19.1 |
| 2003-11 | -21.0 | -18.9 |
| 2003-12 | -21.4 | -18.5 |
| 2004-01 | -16.7 | -17.1 |
| 2004-02 | -18.1 | -15.6 |
| 2004-03 | -14.3 | -15.4 |
| 2004-04 | -12.7 | -13.9 |
| 2004-05 | -11.1 | -13.9 |
| 2004-06 | -12.8 | -13.6 |
| 2004-07 | -12.6 | -12.5 |
| 2004-08 | -12.0 | -11.7 |
| 2004-09 | -11.8 | -10.9 |
| 2004-10 | -11.7 | -10.1 |
| 2004-11 | -15.7 | -9.0 |
| 2004-12 | -16.1 | -12.3 |
| 2005-01 | -15.3 | -10.7 |
| 2005-02 | -15.8 | -12.2 |
| 2005-03 | -13.0 | -12.7 |
| 2005-04 | -16.9 | -15.4 |
| 2005-05 | -16.8 | -13.2 |
| 2005-06 | -15.0 | -12.3 |
| 2005-07 | -12.4 | -12.7 |
| 2005-08 | -12.2 | -12.4 |
| 2005-09 | -12.7 | -12.1 |
| 2005-10 | -14.2 | -10.2 |
| 2005-11 | -11.4 | -9.6 |
| 2005-12 | -12.1 | -9.5 |
| 2006-01 | -12.4 | -9.5 |
| 2006-02 | -9.5 | -9.5 |
| 2006-03 | -8.7 | -7.5 |
| 2006-04 | -8.1 | -7.6 |
| 2006-05 | -7.7 | -5.8 |
| 2006-06 | -7.5 | -3.4 |
| 2006-07 | -5.8 | -2.9 |
| 2006-08 | -5.6 | -3.0 |
| 2006-09 | -6.7 | -3.1 |
| 2006-10 | -6.0 | -0.7 |
| 2006-11 | -5.6 | -4.4 |
| 2006-12 | -4.5 | -4.4 |
| 2007-01 | -3.0 | -4.9 |
| 2007-02 | -3.3 | -1.1 |
| 2007-03 | -3.8 | -0.5 |
| 2007-04 | -2.1 | 1.9 |
| 2007-05 | -1.7 | 2.4 |
| 2007-06 | -1.7 | 2.2 |
| 2007-07 | -3.4 | 0.6 |
| 2007-08 | -0.9 | 1.0 |
| 2007-09 | -0.5 | 1.2 |
| 2007-10 | 2.0 | 2.9 |
| 2007-11 | 2.4 | 3.6 |
| 2007-12 | 2.3 | 4.4 |
| 2008-01 | 1.8 | 5.3 |
| 2008-02 | 1.1 | 2.9 |
| 2008-03 | -0.1 | 5.4 |
| 2008-04 | 0.0 | 3.5 |
| 2008-05 | -4.8 | -0.4 |
| 2008-06 | -6.4 | -2.2 |
| 2008-07 | -9.0 | -3.4 |
| 2008-08 | -12.6 | -5.3 |
| 2008-09 | -15.2 | -7.1 |
| 2008-10 | -18.2 | -8.1 |
| 2008-11 | -29.2 | -19.0 |
| 2008-12 | -37.2 | -23.7 |
| 2009-01 | -35.1 | -25.4 |
| 2009-02 | -38.3 | -31.2 |
| 2009-03 | -40.8 | -33.5 |
| 2009-04 | -37.7 | -34.5 |
| 2009-05 | -35.5 | -38.2 |
| 2009-06 | -35.5 | -38.5 |
| 2009-07 | -30.1 | -38.2 |
| 2009-08 | -28.4 | -31.9 |
| 2009-09 | -27.7 | -33.6 |
| 2009-10 | -25.4 | -31.0 |
| 2009-11 | -22.5 | -26.5 |
| 2009-12 | -21.7 | -25.1 |
| 2010-01 | -18.7 | -23.8 |
| 2010-02 | -18.0 | -21.1 |
| 2010-03 | -17.4 | -19.7 |
| 2010-04 | -15.9 | -18.6 |
| 2010-05 | -12.2 | -12.8 |
| 2010-06 | -10.2 | -10.0 |
| 2010-07 | -9.2 | -9.5 |
| 2010-08 | -9.2 | -7.5 |
| 2010-09 | -2.9 | -6.5 |
| 2010-10 | -3.1 | -3.6 |
| 2010-11 | -1.4 | 0.3 |
| 2010-12 | 0.8 | 0.0 |
| 2011-01 | 1.4 | -0.6 |
| 2011-02 | 3.4 | 1.9 |
| 2011-03 | 5.0 | 6.6 |
| 2011-04 | 2.0 | 6.8 |
| 2011-05 | 4.3 | 8.4 |
| 2011-06 | 7.3 | 11.6 |
| 2011-07 | 4.0 | 9.2 |
| 2011-08 | -2.1 | 5.7 |
| 2011-09 | -3.8 | -0.2 |
| 2011-10 | -7.2 | 2.0 |
| 2011-11 | -8.1 | 0.0 |
| 2011-12 | -12.7 | -0.6 |
| 2012-01 | -7.6 | -2.3 |
| 2012-02 | -9.9 | -5.5 |
| 2012-03 | -7.2 | -2.7 |
| 2012-04 | -7.6 | -3.4 |
| 2012-05 | -10.9 | -4.5 |
| 2012-06 | -12.6 | -6.5 |
| 2012-07 | -12.1 | -6.5 |
| 2012-08 | -15.4 | -9.7 |
| 2012-09 | -20.3 | -14.2 |
| 2012-10 | -16.9 | -10.5 |
| 2012-11 | -20.0 | -16.6 |
| 2012-12 | -18.9 | -16.2 |
| 2013-01 | -13.6 | -11.8 |
| 2013-02 | -18.2 | -15.3 |
| 2013-03 | -20.7 | -16.5 |
| 2013-04 | -15.2 | -12.2 |
| 2013-05 | -19.2 | -15.7 |
| 2013-06 | -20.9 | -17.5 |
| 2013-07 | -16.1 | -13.5 |
| 2013-08 | -16.5 | -15.1 |
| 2013-09 | -15.6 | -12.6 |
| 2013-10 | -12.0 | -12.2 |
| 2013-11 | -13.8 | -12.7 |
| 2013-12 | -11.4 | -9.6 |
| 2014-01 | -12.1 | -10.1 |
| 2014-02 | -13.1 | -11.2 |
| 2014-03 | -12.1 | -10.7 |
| 2014-04 | -11.7 | -9.4 |
| 2014-05 | -11.4 | -8.1 |
| 2014-06 | -12.2 | -9.4 |
| 2014-07 | -10.3 | -5.7 |
| 2014-08 | -12.7 | -9.5 |
| 2014-09 | -13.6 | -9.4 |
| 2014-10 | -12.6 | -10.1 |
| 2014-11 | -13.5 | -10.9 |
| 2014-12 | -12.8 | -13.0 |
| 2015-01 | -12.9 | -11.5 |
| 2015-02 | -11.4 | -11.9 |
| 2015-03 | -10.5 | -9.8 |
| 2015-04 | -9.8 | -8.2 |
| 2015-05 | -10.5 | -8.1 |
| 2015-06 | -8.9 | -9.0 |
| 2015-07 | -9.6 | -8.1 |
| 2015-08 | -8.9 | -7.0 |
| 2015-09 | -6.7 | -7.8 |
| 2015-10 | -8.6 | -7.7 |
| 2015-11 | -4.6 | -6.1 |
| 2015-12 | -6.9 | -8.7 |
| 2016-01 | -6.1 | -7.2 |
| 2016-02 | -7.6 | -7.4 |
| 2016-03 | -6.2 | -5.8 |
| 2016-04 | -7.6 | -6.3 |
| 2016-05 | -6.2 | -4.4 |
| 2016-06 | -6.3 | -5.2 |
| 2016-07 | -7.1 | -6.5 |
| 2016-08 | -8.8 | -4.5 |
| 2016-09 | -4.9 | -7.2 |
| 2016-10 | -3.4 | -5.5 |
| 2016-11 | -3.3 | -3.4 |
| 2016-12 | -3.1 | -0.5 |
| 2017-01 | -5.6 | -4.0 |
| 2017-02 | -3.5 | -1.3 |
| 2017-03 | -2.0 | 0.5 |
| 2017-04 | -4.1 | -3.0 |
| 2017-05 | -2.4 | -1.2 |
| 2017-06 | -3.3 | -1.3 |
| 2017-07 | -1.5 | 0.2 |
| 2017-08 | -0.8 | -0.7 |
| 2017-09 | 0.0 | -1.5 |
| 2017-10 | 0.8 | 2.4 |
| 2017-11 | 3.5 | 2.1 |
| 2017-12 | 1.6 | 5.7 |
| 2018-01 | 2.9 | 4.4 |
| 2018-02 | 4.6 | 4.0 |
| 2018-03 | 4.8 | 3.3 |
| 2018-04 | 3.8 | 3.6 |
| 2018-05 | 3.2 | 3.6 |
| 2018-06 | 3.8 | 3.1 |
| 2018-07 | 1.0 | 2.8 |
| 2018-08 | 1.8 | 0.5 |
| 2018-09 | 1.9 | 2.2 |
| 2018-10 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| 2018-11 | -0.4 | -1.6 |
| 2018-12 | 4.2 | 1.3 |
| 2019-01 | 0.1 | -0.1 |
| 2019-02 | 0.1 | 0.7 |
| 2019-03 | 0.4 | 2.4 |
| 2019-04 | 1.9 | 6.2 |
| 2019-05 | 0.3 | 2.2 |
| 2019-06 | -1.2 | 1.1 |
| 2019-07 | -1.8 | 1.2 |
| 2019-08 | -0.7 | 0.5 |
| 2019-09 | 2.5 | 3.1 |
| 2019-10 | -2.2 | -1.1 |
| 2019-11 | -1.3 | -1.4 |
| 2019-12 | -0.2 | -2.3 |
| 2020-01 | -2.4 | -2.8 |
| 2020-02 | -2.2 | -1.9 |
| 2020-03 | -4.6 | -3.1 |
| 2020-04 | -32.2 | -10.2 |
| 2020-05 | -25.9 | -23.9 |
| 2020-06 | -20.4 | -29.3 |
| 2020-07 | -15.1 | -25.6 |
| 2020-08 | -15.3 | -22.7 |
| 2020-09 | -12.8 | -16.7 |
| 2020-10 | -14.0 | -15.3 |
| 2020-11 | -14.4 | -9.1 |
| 2020-12 | -10.6 | -9.4 |
| 2021-01 | -7.1 | -9.2 |
| 2021-02 | -8.6 | -10.6 |
| 2021-03 | -3.8 | -5.9 |
| 2021-04 | -5.9 | -9.7 |
graphiqueOpinion on workforce size in the manufacturing industry
- Source: INSEE.
tableauIndustrialists’ opinion: employment, competitive position, cash-flow and selling prices
| Manufacturing industry | Mean | Jul. 20 | Oct. 20 | Jan. 21 | Apr. 21 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Workforce size | |||||
| Past change | -11 | -26 | -15 | -9 | -10 |
| Expected change | -12 | -15 | -14 | -7 | -6 |
| Hiring difficulties (in %) | 30 | 27 | 29 | 29 | 37 |
| Selling prices and cash-flow | |||||
| Past change in selling prices (in %) | 0,1 | -0,6 | 0,1 | 0,2 | 1,7 |
| Expected change in selling prices (in %) | 0,2 | 0,3 | 0 | 0,1 | 0,7 |
| Cash-flow problems (in %) | 14 | 18 | 15 | 8 | 7 |
| Competitive position | |||||
| On the domestic market | 1 | -13 | 4 | -1 | 3 |
| On foreign markets inside EU | -2 | -24 | -8 | -4 | -2 |
| On foreign markets outside EU | -2 | -27 | 0 | -4 | -2 |
| General exportation expectations | -9 | -20 | -21 | -19 | -9 |
- * : Long-term average since 1991, except for workforce change (since 1976) and for competitive position by market (since 1997).
- The results of the latest survey are preliminary
- A quantitative question is asked about selling prices.
- Source : INSEE – Quarterly business survey in industry
For further information
The quarterly questions complete the monthly survey published in the version dated 22 April 2021, especially as regards demand and production factors.
A balance of opinion is calculated as the difference between the percentage of “increase” responses and the percentage of “decrease” responses.
Since the definitive data of April 2020, the way of correcting non-response has been modified. The usual method was to fill in missing answers by carrying on past answers from non-responding companies. Results are now computed on the sole basis of responding companies.
Answers to this survey have been collected from 28 March 2021 to 19 April 2021.
Additional information (simplified and detailed methodology, nomenclature, etc.) is available on the “Documentation” tab on this page.
Next issue: 22 July 2021 at 8:45 am
Documentation
Abbreviated methodology (pdf,174 Ko)
Pour en savoir plus
The quarterly questions complete the monthly survey published in the version dated 22 April 2021, especially as regards demand and production factors.
A balance of opinion is calculated as the difference between the percentage of “increase” responses and the percentage of “decrease” responses.
Since the definitive data of April 2020, the way of correcting non-response has been modified. The usual method was to fill in missing answers by carrying on past answers from non-responding companies. Results are now computed on the sole basis of responding companies.
Answers to this survey have been collected from 28 March 2021 to 19 April 2021.
Additional information (simplified and detailed methodology, nomenclature, etc.) is available on the “Documentation” tab on this page.
Next issue: 22 July 2021 at 8:45 am
Time series : Industry