EMP T1 - Population aged 15 to 64 by economic activity
| Economic activity |
2012 |
2017 |
2023 |
| Altogether |
78 814 |
79 999 |
79 596 |
| Working age adult in % |
80,1 |
81,2 |
81,4 |
| Working age adults with a job in % |
72,5 |
73,6 |
74,4 |
| Unemployed workers in % |
7,6 |
7,7 |
7,1 |
| Economically inactive people in % |
19,9 |
18,8 |
18,6 |
| Pupils, students or interns in % |
10,1 |
11,2 |
11,6 |
| Retirees in % |
3,9 |
2,4 |
2,2 |
| Other economically inactive people in % |
5,9 |
5,2 |
4,8 |
- Sources : Insee, RP2012, RP2017 and RP2023, main operations, geography as of 01/01/2026.
EMP T2 - Economic activity and employment of the population aged 15 to 64 by sex and
by age in 2023
| Sex and age |
Population |
Active people |
Activity rate in % |
Working people |
Employment rate in % |
| Altogether |
79 596 |
64 826 |
81,4 |
59 207 |
74,4 |
| 15 to 24 years old |
14 345 |
5 265 |
36,7 |
4 497 |
31,4 |
| 25 to 54 years old |
52 108 |
49 165 |
94,4 |
45 271 |
86,9 |
| 55 to 64 years old |
13 143 |
10 395 |
79,1 |
9 439 |
71,8 |
| Male |
37 822 |
31 414 |
83,1 |
28 823 |
76,2 |
| 15 to 24 years old |
6 870 |
2 554 |
37,2 |
2 188 |
31,8 |
| 25 to 54 years old |
25 045 |
24 012 |
95,9 |
22 247 |
88,8 |
| 55 to 64 years old |
5 908 |
4 848 |
82,1 |
4 388 |
74,3 |
| Female |
41 774 |
33 412 |
80,0 |
30 384 |
72,7 |
| 15 to 24 years old |
7 475 |
2 711 |
36,3 |
2 310 |
30,9 |
| 25 to 54 years old |
27 063 |
25 154 |
92,9 |
23 023 |
85,1 |
| 55 to 64 years old |
7 235 |
5 547 |
76,7 |
5 051 |
69,8 |
- Source : Insee, RP2023 main operation, geography as of 01/01/2026.
EMP G1 - Population aged 15 to 64 by economic activity category in 2023
|
Population in % |
| Working age adults who have a job |
74,4 |
| Unemployed workers |
7,1 |
| Retirees |
2,2 |
| Pupils, students or interns |
11,6 |
| Other economically inactive people |
4,8 |
- Source : Insee, RP2023 main operation, geography as of 01/01/2026.
- Source : Insee, RP2023 main operation, geography as of 01/01/2026.
EMP T3 - Population aged 15 to 64 by current or previous socioprofessional group
| Socioprofessional group |
2012 |
including working people |
2017 |
including working people |
2023 |
including working people |
| Altogether |
62 689 |
57 167 |
64 503 |
58 867 |
64 168 |
59 412 |
| Farmers |
63 |
63 |
14 |
14 |
8 |
8 |
| Craftsmen, merchants and business owners |
3 327 |
3 145 |
4 009 |
3 804 |
3 536 |
3 334 |
| Executives and higher-level intellectual professions |
28 786 |
27 417 |
31 346 |
29 838 |
34 667 |
33 142 |
| Technicians and associate professionals |
14 948 |
13 096 |
14 947 |
13 058 |
13 383 |
12 089 |
| Office employees |
12 067 |
10 578 |
10 939 |
9 437 |
9 924 |
8 614 |
| Workers |
3 498 |
2 868 |
3 249 |
2 716 |
2 651 |
2 224 |
- Sources : Insee, RP2012, RP2017 and RP2023, additional operations, geography as of
01/01/2026.
EMP T4 - Unemployment of the 15-64 aged population
| Number of unemployed workers and unemployment rate |
2012 |
2017 |
2023 |
| Number of unemployed workers |
5 989 |
6 132 |
5 619 |
| Unemployment rate in % |
9,5 |
9,4 |
8,7 |
| Unemployment of the 15-24 aged |
15,5 |
14,6 |
14,6 |
| Unemployment of the 25-54 aged |
8,9 |
8,9 |
7,9 |
| Unemployment of the 55-64 aged |
8,9 |
9,6 |
9,2 |
- Sources : Insee, RP2012, RP2017 and RP2023, main operations, geography as of 01/01/2026.
EMP G2 - Unemployment rate of the 15-64 aged population by level of graduation
|
Unemployment rate in % |
| No diploma or primary education certificate |
14,3 |
| BEPC brevet des collèges or DNB |
15,8 |
| CAP, BEP or equivalent |
12,9 |
| Baccalauréat, brevet professionnel or equivalent |
13,3 |
| 2 years at university |
8,6 |
| 3 to 4 years at university |
9,2 |
| 5 years or more at university |
6,2 |
- Source : Insee, RP2023 main operation, geography as of 01/01/2026.
- Source : Insee, RP2023 main operation, geography as of 01/01/2026.
EMP T5 - Employment and activity
| Employment activity |
2012 |
2017 |
2023 |
| Number of jobs in the area |
80 816 |
87 145 |
94 172 |
| Working age adult living in the area |
58 314 |
60 292 |
61 030 |
| Occupational concentration by industry |
138,6 |
144,5 |
154,3 |
| Employment rate of 15 years old or above in % |
66,4 |
66,5 |
66,5 |
- The employment concentration indicator is equal to the number of jobs in the zone
per 100 active persons with a job residing in the zone.
- Sources : Insee, RP2012, RP2017 and RP2023, main operations holdings, place of residence
and place of work, geography as of 01/01/2026.
EMP T6 - Employment by working status
| Working status |
2012 |
% |
2017 |
% |
2023 |
% |
| Altogether |
80 825 |
100,0 |
87 149 |
100,0 |
94 175 |
100,0 |
| Employee |
71 967 |
89,0 |
77 214 |
88,6 |
82 414 |
87,5 |
| including women |
36 974 |
45,7 |
39 301 |
45,1 |
41 676 |
44,3 |
| including part time jobs |
9 291 |
11,5 |
9 236 |
10,6 |
8 941 |
9,5 |
| Non-employee |
8 858 |
11,0 |
9 935 |
11,4 |
11 761 |
12,5 |
| including women |
3 185 |
3,9 |
3 724 |
4,3 |
4 718 |
5,0 |
| including part time jobs |
1 732 |
2,1 |
2 223 |
2,6 |
2 552 |
2,7 |
- Sources : Insee, RP2012, RP2017 and RP2023, main operations workplaces, geography
as of 01/01/2026.
EMP T7 - Employment by socioprofessional group in 2023
| Socioprofessional group |
Number |
% |
| Altogether |
94 979 |
100,0 |
| Farmer operators |
14 |
0,0 |
| Handicrafters, traders, business leaders |
4 577 |
4,8 |
| Managers and higher intellectual professions |
49 692 |
52,3 |
| Intermediate professions |
20 885 |
22,0 |
| Employees |
15 392 |
16,2 |
| Workers |
4 418 |
4,7 |
- Source : Insee, RP2023 additional operation at the workplace, geography as of 01/01/2026.
EMP G3 - Employment by socioprofessional group
|
2012 |
2017 |
2023 |
| Farmer operators |
0,1 |
0,0 |
0,0 |
| Handicrafters, traders, business leaders |
4,5 |
4,8 |
4,8 |
| Managers and higher intellectual professions |
43,4 |
46,9 |
52,3 |
| Intermediate professions |
26,0 |
24,8 |
22,0 |
| Employees |
19,8 |
18,0 |
16,2 |
| Workers |
6,3 |
5,5 |
4,7 |
- Sources: Insee, RP2012, RP2017 and RP2023, additional work place of work, geography
as of 01/01/2026.
- Sources: Insee, RP2012, RP2017 and RP2023, additional work place of work, geography
as of 01/01/2026.
EMP T8 - Employment by industry sector
| Economic sector |
2012 |
2017 |
2023 |
| Number |
% |
Number |
% |
Number |
% |
including women in % |
including employees % |
| Altogether |
80 480 |
100,0 |
87 186 |
100,0 |
94 979 |
100,0 |
49,0 |
89,1 |
| Agriculture |
44 |
0,1 |
19 |
0,0 |
33 |
0,0 |
58,3 |
45,6 |
| Industry |
3 428 |
4,3 |
3 701 |
4,2 |
4 049 |
4,3 |
49,1 |
92,6 |
| Construction |
2 666 |
3,3 |
2 692 |
3,1 |
2 589 |
2,7 |
30,8 |
81,6 |
| Wholesale and retail trade/transports/accommodations and food service activities |
60 280 |
74,9 |
67 152 |
77,0 |
73 281 |
77,2 |
45,1 |
89,0 |
| Public administration/education/human health/social work |
14 062 |
17,5 |
13 622 |
15,6 |
15 027 |
15,8 |
71,1 |
89,8 |
- Sources : Insee, RP2012, RP2017 and RP2023, additional work place of work, geography
as of 01/01/2026.
EMP G4 - Feminisation rate of employment by status and economic sectors in 2023
|
Employees |
Non-employees |
| Agriculture |
92,0 |
30,1 |
| Industry |
49,1 |
49,0 |
| Construction |
35,8 |
8,5 |
| Wholesale and retail trade, transports, accommodations and food service activities |
46,1 |
36,8 |
| Public administration, education, human health, social work |
71,9 |
64,5 |
- Source : Insee, RP2023 additional operation at the workplace, geography as of 01/01/2026.
- Source : Insee, RP2023 additional operation at the workplace, geography as of 01/01/2026.
