Intermediate-Sized Enterprises Account for 45% of Total Employment Under Foreign Control in France

In 2017, foreign-controlled enterprises operating in France employed 2.2 million people, mainly in intermediate-sized enterprises (ETIs). Manufacturers, business services (including temporary work) and trade account for more than three-quarters of these jobs. Average per capita labour costs are higher than in French firms. Foreign-controlled enterprises account for 17% of the value added of all sectors (mainly non-agricultural and non-financial market sectors). In France, foreign-controlled enterprises invest slightly less than French multinational companies.