In 2015, employment in Metropolitan France increased and exceeded its pre-crisis level. It picked up, especially in the mainly-market sectors, after three years of decline. Older workers are more and more present in the labour market; although the trend in recent years has slowed, it is continuing. Employment is more and more qualified and the proportion of managers continues to increase. The unemployment rate, which increased after the crisis, stabilised in 2015, although it remained particularly high among manual workers and young people. Since the crisis, men have been more affected by unemployment than women and this difference is increasing. The proportion of men also rose in the halo around unemployment and in under-employment, situations where women are still in the majority. Because of the moderate change in net and gross wages and in employers' contributions, the cost of labour slowed. As a full-time equivalent, the average wage in constant euros declined once again in 2013, both in the public sector and the private sector, reversing the upward trend of the 2000s.