13 January 2016
2016- n° 6Consumer prices were stable in average from 2014 to 2015 Price Index – Annual average rates of change - 2015
In average, consumer prices remained unchanged in 2015 after +0.5% in 2014 and +0.9% in 2013. This further slowdown in prices came mainly from the large drop in energy prices, in particular in prices of petroleum products. Prices of manufactured declined at the same pace than in 2014. These decreases were offset by the rise in service prices, although not as rapid than in 2014 and by a slight rebound in food prices driven up by fresh foodstuffs. Finally, the prices of tobacco slowed considerably in 2015.
- Large decrease in energy prices
- Further decline in manufactured product prices
- Prices of services for dwellings slowed again
- Prices of transport and communication services grew at the same pace in 2015 than in 2014
- Rise of medical service prices remained moderate
- Prices of the other services decelerated
- Slight rebound in food prices
This document presents the annual average rates of change of the Consumer Prices Index (CPI) in 2015. The monthly and year-on-year rates of change of the CPI in December 2015 have been also published on 13 January in another « Informations rapides ». The annual average and the year-on-year rate of change are two different concepts: the annual average rate of change refers to the whole set of prices observed during one year compared with all those observed during the previous year. The year-on-year change refers to the prices observed during a particular month compared with those observed during the same month of the previous year.
In average, consumer prices remained unchanged in 2015 after +0.5% in 2014 and +0.9% in 2013. This further slowdown in prices came mainly from the large drop in energy prices, in particular in prices of petroleum products. Prices of manufactured declined at the same pace than in 2014. These decreases were offset by the rise in service prices, although not as rapid than in 2014 and by a slight rebound in food prices driven up by fresh foodstuffs. Finally, the prices of tobacco slowed considerably in 2015.
Large decrease in energy prices
In 2015, energy prices went down sharply (−4.7%), more than in 2014 (−0.9%). Indeed, petroleum product prices fell even more steeply than in 2014 (−10.8% after −4.2%) in the wake of tumbling crude prices. On average over the year, prices of heating fuel were down by 17.4% in 2015 (after −6.7% in 2014) and those of motor fuel dropped by 9.8% (after −4.0% in 2014). Town gas prices also decreased in 2015 (−2.2% after −0.6% in 2014). Only electricity remained buoyant (+4.8% on average in 2015 after +5.7% in 2014).
tableauTableau1 – Annual average changes in consumer price index
| Annual average rates of change | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Items | weight 2015 | 2014 | 2015 | From 2014 to 2015 (%) |
| a) All households – France | ||||
| All items (00 E) | 10000 | 127.85 | 127.90 | 0.0 |
| FOOD (4000 E) | 1662 | 131.82 | 132.41 | 0.4 |
| Fresh foodstuffs (4001 E) | 211 | 138.08 | 145.41 | 5.3 |
| Food excluding fresh products (4002 E) | 1451 | 130.91 | 130.59 | −0.2 |
| TOBACCO (4034 E) | 199 | 258.30 | 259.16 | 0.3 |
| MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS (4003 E) | 2584 | 100.16 | 99.24 | −0.9 |
| Clothing and footwear (4004 E) | 437 | 107.48 | 106.50 | −0.9 |
| Medical products (4005 E) | 427 | 78.51 | 75.78 | −3.5 |
| Other manufactured products (4006 E) | 1720 | 103.84 | 103.55 | −0.3 |
| ENERGY (4007 E) | 815 | 177.46 | 169.10 | −4.7 |
| Petroleum products (4008 E) | 418 | 199.06 | 177.59 | −10.8 |
| SERVICES (4009 E) | 4740 | 136.06 | 137.76 | 1.2 |
| Actual rentals and services for dwellings (4010 E) | 767 | 142.04 | 143.34 | 0.9 |
| Medical services (4011 E) | 568 | 122.26 | 122.81 | 0.4 |
| Transport and communication services (4012 E) | 510 | 96.37 | 97.41 | 1.1 |
| Other services (4013 E) | 2895 | 146.73 | 148.97 | 1.5 |
| All items excluding rentals and tobacco (5000 E) | 9192 | 125.29 | 125.28 | 0.0 |
| All items excluding energy (4017 E) | 9185 | 124.26 | 124.85 | 0.5 |
| All items excluding tobacco (4018 E) | 9801 | 125.94 | 125.98 | 0.0 |
- Source: INSEE – Consumer Price indexes
Further decline in manufactured product prices
Over 2015 as a whole, the prices of the other manufactured products declined at the same pace as in 2014 (−0.9%), prices of all the principal consumption items decreased. Thus, prices of clothing and footwear dipped by 0,9% in 2015 after remaining almost unchanged in 2014. Health product prices fell more sharply in 2015 (−3.5% after −2.8% in 2014). By contrast, prices of other manufactured products decreased less (−0,3% after −0,6% in 2014), notably due to a lower fall in audio-visual, photographic and information processing equipment prices (−4.2% after −7.2% in 2014) and in household appliances (−1.5% after −2.2% in 2014) and also due to the recovery in prices of personal effects (+0.8% after −1.0% in 2014).
Prices of services for dwellings slowed again
Prices of housing service (actual rentals, supply of water and refuse collection fees) continued to slow down in 2015. On annual average, they grew by 0.9% in 2015 after +1.5% in 2014. Actual rentals, which for most of them are revalued in line with past evolutions of the CPI, slackened again in 2015 (+0.6% after +1.0% in 2014) as well as the prices of the other housing services — mainly supply of water and refuse collection fees (+1.5% in 2015 after +2.7% in 2014).
Prices of transport and communication services grew at the same pace in 2015 than in 2014
Overall, prices of transport and communication increased at the same pace in 2015 than in 2014 (+1.1%). Prices of postal services accelerated again (+8.9% after +4.1% in 2014) and those of telecommunications bounced back slightly (+0.6% after −0.1% in 2014). By contrast, prices of transport services slowed (+0.9% after +1.8% in 2014), due to a decrease in airfares (−0.6% in 2015) and in the combined passenger transports (−0.5% in 2015).
Rise of medical service prices remained moderate
In 2015, health service prices rose practically at the same pace than in 2014 (+0.4% after +0.3% in 2014). Doctor fees picked up slightly (+0.5% after +0.2% in 2014), those of dental services slowed down a little (+0.9% after +1.1% in 2014). Prices of paramedical services increased slightly (+0.2% after 0.0%).
Prices of the other services decelerated
The prices of the other services decelerated in 2015 (+1.5% after +2.2%). In 2014, they had been driven up by higher VAT rates. The slowdown was especially pronouced for prices of catering and accommodation services (+1.5% in 2015 after +2.8% in 2014) and for the services of maintenance and repair of the dwelling (+1.6% after +4.0% in 2014).
Slight rebound in food prices
In 2015, food prices increased by an average of 0.4% after a decline by 0.6% in 2014. This rise stemmed mainly from the rebound in fresh foodstuff prices (+5.3% after −4.1% in 2014). In particular, prices of fresh vegetables went up by 6.8% in 2015 (after −4.7% in 2014), those of fresh fruits by 4.8% (after −5.8% in 2014) and those of fresh fishes and seafoods grew by 3.1% (after +1.7% in 2014). Excluding fresh products, the food prices diminished slightly again in 2015 (−0.2% on average after −0.1% in 2014). Prices dropped sharply for homogenized baby food and dietary preparations (−6.7%), milk, cheese and eggs (−1.3%) and mineral waters (−1.1%). Furthermore, prices of meat and alcoholic beverages slowed significantly in 2015 while their prices had remained dynamic in 2014.
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