Survey on “Global value chains”
CAM
CAM
The Survey on « Global value chains » is collected every three years by the official
statistical system. It helps to improve knowledge of companies' internationalization
strategies. The survey studies the fragmentation process implemented by companies,
which leads them to outsource in France or to relocate abroad work previously carried
out in-house, or even to relocate in France activities carried out abroad.
The Global value chains survey is a European initiative survey under a mandatory European
initiative. It has been mandatory since the 2023 vintage and is integrated into the
Fribs regulation (EU regulation 2019/2152).
The survey was conducted under gentlemen’s agreement for the 2012, 2016 and 2020 vintages.
For over twenty years, Eurostat has actively supported and contributed to the development
and implementation of surveys on global value chains, resulting in the integration
of these data into the European EBS regulation. In general, globalization and its
implications for the productive apparatus are important topics in economic and social
debate: issues of outsourcing/reshoring, foreign dependency, and more broadly, economic
sovereignty, have gained renewed interest since the COVID-19 pandemic.
"Global value chains" refer to the fragmentation of production processes implemented
on an international scale. To remain competitive, companies increasingly organize
their production globally, whether by organizing or reorganizing themselves or by
engaging suppliers worldwide.
On one hand, this fragmentation of production processes by companies may lead them
to reorganize certain activities, either by outsourcing in France, relocating (from
France abroad), or reshoring (from abroad to France). Information on the types of
activities affected by these reorganizations over a three-year period is requested,
as well as their impact in terms of employment (job creations and job losses). Regarding
relocations, information is also requested on which geographical areas they were relocated
to, as well as whether they were relocated to units (foreign) belonging to their group.
Companies are also questioned about the motivations and obstacles encountered when
they have relocated or considered doing so.
Throughout the questionnaire, types of activities are harmonized by "functions," based
on an international breakdown ("CBF" for Classification of Business Functions) defined
by the United Nations statistical body and used by Eurostat. These functions or areas
of activity are defined as groupings of common tasks that companies regularly perform
(internally or externally) to bring goods or services to market. The breakdown used
in the GVC survey is as follows: industry; construction; transport and logistics;
trade, marketing, after-sales services; IT services, information technology; administrative
and financial services (human resources, accounting and legal services, procurement
management, insurance, etc.); engineering and technical services/design; R&D; other
activities.
On the other hand, the survey focuses on companies' positioning in the value chain,
particularly on purchases and sales of goods and/or services abroad: companies are
asked to specify the types of these products, the major geographical areas of trade,
and whether these are conducted with companies belonging to the same group.
Finally, a module assesses the impacts of recent global events on the value chains
of the surveyed companies.
European regulations set out the requirements for mandatory data transmission (on
a triennial basis) to the European institution. Working groups are organized annually
by Eurostat in the form of Task Forces, and discussions have led to the development
of a common harmonized questionnaire, allowing for comparison among all EU countries.
The majority of items related to positioning in the value chain (purchases/sales of
goods and services), relocations, and the impacts of recent global events are to be
mandatory. The periods under study are imposed by Eurostat.
The French version of this questionnaire is therefore largely based on the European
proposal.
Documentation par millésimes
- Survey on “Global value chains” 2023
- Survey on “Global value chains” 2020
- Survey on “Global value chains” 2011
Survey
Punctual or aperiodic