Informations Rapides ·
21 November 2024 · n° 290
In November 2024, the business climate in services has retreated Monthly survey of services - November 2024
According to the business managers surveyed in November 2024, the business climate in services has retreated. At 99, the indicator that synthesizes it has lost two points and moved anew below its long-term average (100). This decrease is mainly due to the retreat of the forward-looking balances of opinion on the activity and demand. Furthermore, the balance related to the recent change of the selling prices has moved below its average for the first time since June 2021.
- Business managers has predicted for the next three months a decline in their personal activity and in the general business outlook for the sector
- The business climate has sharply deteriorated in information-communication and in professional, scientific and technical activities
- Revision
- For further information
According to the business managers surveyed in November 2024, the business climate in services has retreated. At 99, the indicator that synthesizes it has lost two points and moved anew below its long-term average (100). This decrease is mainly due to the retreat of the forward-looking balances of opinion on the activity and demand. Furthermore, the balance related to the recent change of the selling prices has moved below its average for the first time since June 2021.
tableauBusiness climate composite indicator
| Business climate composite indicator | |
|---|---|
| 2024-11 | 98.6 |
| 2024-10 | 100.8 |
| 2024-09 | 99.2 |
| 2024-08 | 97.9 |
| 2024-07 | 95.1 |
| 2024-06 | 101.0 |
| 2024-05 | 102.4 |
| 2024-04 | 100.1 |
| 2024-03 | 101.7 |
| 2024-02 | 99.9 |
| 2024-01 | 101.1 |
| 2023-12 | 100.3 |
| 2023-11 | 100.0 |
| 2023-10 | 100.4 |
| 2023-09 | 101.4 |
| 2023-08 | 101.6 |
| 2023-07 | 101.5 |
| 2023-06 | 101.5 |
| 2023-05 | 101.4 |
| 2023-04 | 102.9 |
| 2023-03 | 103.5 |
| 2023-02 | 105.3 |
| 2023-01 | 104.0 |
| 2022-12 | 103.5 |
| 2022-11 | 103.8 |
| 2022-10 | 104.9 |
| 2022-09 | 105.5 |
| 2022-08 | 106.5 |
| 2022-07 | 106.1 |
| 2022-06 | 107.3 |
| 2022-05 | 108.9 |
| 2022-04 | 108.3 |
| 2022-03 | 107.9 |
| 2022-02 | 112.0 |
| 2022-01 | 104.9 |
| 2021-12 | 107.3 |
| 2021-11 | 114.0 |
| 2021-10 | 113.2 |
| 2021-09 | 110.4 |
| 2021-08 | 108.9 |
| 2021-07 | 111.1 |
| 2021-06 | 112.6 |
| 2021-05 | 106.8 |
| 2021-04 | 91.4 |
| 2021-03 | 93.2 |
| 2021-02 | 87.6 |
| 2021-01 | 90.8 |
| 2020-12 | 89.2 |
| 2020-11 | 75.6 |
| 2020-10 | 87.5 |
| 2020-09 | 93.7 |
| 2020-08 | 93.6 |
| 2020-07 | 88.6 |
| 2020-06 | 77.5 |
| 2020-05 | 49.2 |
| 2020-04 | 37.9 |
| 2020-03 | 91.7 |
| 2020-02 | 105.9 |
| 2020-01 | 106.0 |
| 2019-12 | 106.4 |
| 2019-11 | 105.9 |
| 2019-10 | 105.6 |
| 2019-09 | 105.9 |
| 2019-08 | 105.5 |
| 2019-07 | 105.0 |
| 2019-06 | 105.8 |
| 2019-05 | 105.5 |
| 2019-04 | 105.5 |
| 2019-03 | 104.4 |
| 2019-02 | 103.7 |
| 2019-01 | 103.5 |
| 2018-12 | 101.7 |
| 2018-11 | 103.5 |
| 2018-10 | 103.2 |
| 2018-09 | 104.6 |
| 2018-08 | 104.4 |
| 2018-07 | 104.6 |
| 2018-06 | 104.6 |
| 2018-05 | 104.3 |
| 2018-04 | 105.9 |
| 2018-03 | 106.8 |
| 2018-02 | 106.9 |
| 2018-01 | 107.7 |
| 2017-12 | 108.8 |
| 2017-11 | 107.2 |
| 2017-10 | 106.7 |
| 2017-09 | 106.8 |
| 2017-08 | 106.8 |
| 2017-07 | 104.1 |
| 2017-06 | 103.5 |
| 2017-05 | 102.8 |
| 2017-04 | 103.1 |
| 2017-03 | 103.1 |
| 2017-02 | 102.9 |
| 2017-01 | 101.7 |
| 2016-12 | 103.6 |
| 2016-11 | 100.9 |
| 2016-10 | 100.8 |
| 2016-09 | 100.7 |
| 2016-08 | 100.1 |
| 2016-07 | 100.3 |
| 2016-06 | 99.1 |
| 2016-05 | 100.7 |
| 2016-04 | 98.3 |
| 2016-03 | 99.5 |
| 2016-02 | 99.9 |
| 2016-01 | 100.2 |
| 2015-12 | 97.1 |
| 2015-11 | 99.2 |
| 2015-10 | 99.4 |
| 2015-09 | 97.6 |
| 2015-08 | 98.5 |
| 2015-07 | 97.4 |
| 2015-06 | 96.8 |
| 2015-05 | 95.4 |
| 2015-04 | 93.9 |
| 2015-03 | 92.3 |
| 2015-02 | 91.4 |
| 2015-01 | 91.1 |
| 2014-12 | 91.3 |
| 2014-11 | 91.1 |
| 2014-10 | 91.0 |
| 2014-09 | 90.9 |
| 2014-08 | 91.4 |
| 2014-07 | 92.4 |
| 2014-06 | 92.2 |
| 2014-05 | 92.2 |
| 2014-04 | 93.2 |
| 2014-03 | 93.1 |
| 2014-02 | 92.1 |
| 2014-01 | 92.2 |
| 2013-12 | 90.8 |
| 2013-11 | 92.3 |
| 2013-10 | 91.8 |
| 2013-09 | 92.3 |
| 2013-08 | 88.6 |
| 2013-07 | 86.5 |
| 2013-06 | 85.8 |
| 2013-05 | 84.4 |
| 2013-04 | 83.1 |
| 2013-03 | 84.0 |
| 2013-02 | 87.0 |
| 2013-01 | 88.0 |
| 2012-12 | 87.0 |
| 2012-11 | 85.5 |
| 2012-10 | 85.9 |
| 2012-09 | 87.0 |
| 2012-08 | 87.3 |
| 2012-07 | 89.5 |
| 2012-06 | 90.0 |
| 2012-05 | 91.9 |
| 2012-04 | 95.6 |
| 2012-03 | 93.2 |
| 2012-02 | 91.8 |
| 2012-01 | 92.3 |
| 2011-12 | 94.4 |
| 2011-11 | 95.0 |
| 2011-10 | 97.2 |
| 2011-09 | 98.3 |
| 2011-08 | 100.5 |
| 2011-07 | 105.2 |
| 2011-06 | 107.2 |
| 2011-05 | 107.5 |
| 2011-04 | 108.9 |
| 2011-03 | 110.4 |
| 2011-02 | 109.2 |
| 2011-01 | 107.2 |
| 2010-12 | 106.9 |
| 2010-11 | 104.8 |
| 2010-10 | 102.9 |
| 2010-09 | 101.7 |
| 2010-08 | 100.7 |
| 2010-07 | 99.2 |
| 2010-06 | 98.3 |
| 2010-05 | 99.4 |
| 2010-04 | 97.8 |
| 2010-03 | 94.4 |
| 2010-02 | 94.3 |
| 2010-01 | 94.0 |
| 2009-12 | 92.6 |
| 2009-11 | 92.2 |
| 2009-10 | 90.6 |
| 2009-09 | 87.4 |
| 2009-08 | 84.1 |
| 2009-07 | 81.5 |
| 2009-06 | 77.7 |
| 2009-05 | 73.0 |
| 2009-04 | 68.8 |
| 2009-03 | 68.2 |
| 2009-02 | 73.3 |
| 2009-01 | 74.6 |
| 2008-12 | 77.2 |
| 2008-11 | 80.1 |
| 2008-10 | 84.1 |
| 2008-09 | 92.9 |
| 2008-08 | 94.9 |
| 2008-07 | 96.4 |
| 2008-06 | 100.8 |
| 2008-05 | 104.1 |
| 2008-04 | 106.7 |
| 2008-03 | 108.5 |
| 2008-02 | 108.5 |
| 2008-01 | 110.4 |
| 2007-12 | 109.0 |
| 2007-11 | 110.2 |
| 2007-10 | 110.1 |
| 2007-09 | 111.5 |
| 2007-08 | 112.3 |
| 2007-07 | 113.2 |
| 2007-06 | 112.7 |
| 2007-05 | 113.0 |
| 2007-04 | 113.1 |
| 2007-03 | 113.4 |
| 2007-02 | 112.5 |
| 2007-01 | 111.0 |
| 2006-12 | 111.3 |
| 2006-11 | 113.1 |
| 2006-10 | 110.8 |
| 2006-09 | 110.7 |
| 2006-08 | 110.5 |
| 2006-07 | 110.4 |
| 2006-06 | 109.2 |
| 2006-05 | 110.5 |
| 2006-04 | 107.8 |
| 2006-03 | 107.5 |
| 2006-02 | 106.3 |
| 2006-01 | 109.1 |
| 2005-12 | 107.1 |
| 2005-11 | 106.6 |
| 2005-10 | 108.4 |
| 2005-09 | 106.8 |
| 2005-08 | 107.2 |
| 2005-07 | 107.5 |
| 2005-06 | 108.2 |
| 2005-05 | 106.1 |
| 2005-04 | 108.0 |
| 2005-03 | 108.3 |
| 2005-02 | 106.4 |
| 2005-01 | 106.5 |
graphiqueBusiness climate composite indicator
- Source: INSEE
Business managers has predicted for the next three months a decline in their personal activity and in the general business outlook for the sector
In November 2024, the business managers in services are more pessimistic than the previous month about their activity prospects. The balances of opinion on the expected activity, on the general business outlook for the sector and on the expected demand have retreated and have moved below their average. The balance related to the activity over the past three months is virtually stable for its part, below its own.
The balances related to the recent and expected change of the selling prices have sharply diminished and reached their lowest level since respectively June and May 2021. The one on the recent prices has moved below its average, for the first time since June 2021.
The balance on the economic uncertainty felt has retreated.
tableauExpected prices in services
| Expected prices | |
|---|---|
| 2024-11 | -0.5 |
| 2024-10 | 7.3 |
| 2024-09 | 2.8 |
| 2024-08 | 1.0 |
| 2024-07 | 2.9 |
| 2024-06 | 4.3 |
| 2024-05 | 2.8 |
| 2024-04 | 7.2 |
| 2024-03 | 8.2 |
| 2024-02 | 7.7 |
| 2024-01 | 6.8 |
| 2023-12 | 7.0 |
| 2023-11 | 3.7 |
| 2023-10 | 5.3 |
| 2023-09 | 7.6 |
| 2023-08 | 6.9 |
| 2023-07 | 6.3 |
| 2023-06 | 6.2 |
| 2023-05 | 7.0 |
| 2023-04 | 13.4 |
| 2023-03 | 14.1 |
| 2023-02 | 15.8 |
| 2023-01 | 19.1 |
| 2022-12 | 17.3 |
| 2022-11 | 12.4 |
| 2022-10 | 12.2 |
| 2022-09 | 10.4 |
| 2022-08 | 10.3 |
| 2022-07 | 10.9 |
| 2022-06 | 10.9 |
| 2022-05 | 9.9 |
| 2022-04 | 11.6 |
| 2022-03 | 7.7 |
| 2022-02 | 8.0 |
| 2022-01 | 7.4 |
| 2021-12 | 6.5 |
| 2021-11 | 6.3 |
| 2021-10 | 4.4 |
| 2021-09 | 3.3 |
| 2021-08 | 4.0 |
| 2021-07 | 3.8 |
| 2021-06 | 0.6 |
| 2021-05 | -1.1 |
| 2021-04 | -8.6 |
| 2021-03 | -7.6 |
| 2021-02 | -11.5 |
| 2021-01 | -9.8 |
| 2020-12 | -7.3 |
| 2020-11 | -13.0 |
| 2020-10 | -9.0 |
| 2020-09 | -3.4 |
| 2020-08 | -5.4 |
| 2020-07 | -8.6 |
| 2020-06 | -12.6 |
| 2020-05 | -22.9 |
| 2020-04 | -23.1 |
| 2020-03 | -3.4 |
| 2020-02 | 0.5 |
| 2020-01 | 0.1 |
| 2019-12 | 0.8 |
| 2019-11 | -0.4 |
| 2019-10 | 1.6 |
| 2019-09 | -1.1 |
| 2019-08 | -1.1 |
| 2019-07 | 0.1 |
| 2019-06 | 0.2 |
| 2019-05 | -2.0 |
| 2019-04 | -2.5 |
| 2019-03 | -1.0 |
| 2019-02 | -2.3 |
| 2019-01 | -2.2 |
| 2018-12 | 0.3 |
| 2018-11 | -2.5 |
| 2018-10 | -2.9 |
| 2018-09 | -2.1 |
| 2018-08 | -0.7 |
| 2018-07 | -6.8 |
| 2018-06 | -4.8 |
| 2018-05 | -2.2 |
| 2018-04 | -3.0 |
| 2018-03 | -3.2 |
| 2018-02 | -3.4 |
| 2018-01 | -2.4 |
| 2017-12 | -3.3 |
| 2017-11 | -2.7 |
| 2017-10 | -2.5 |
| 2017-09 | -2.4 |
| 2017-08 | -5.6 |
| 2017-07 | -7.0 |
| 2017-06 | -4.2 |
| 2017-05 | -5.1 |
| 2017-04 | -5.3 |
| 2017-03 | -3.7 |
| 2017-02 | -3.2 |
| 2017-01 | -6.3 |
| 2016-12 | -5.5 |
| 2016-11 | -7.7 |
| 2016-10 | -6.8 |
| 2016-09 | -4.8 |
| 2016-08 | -5.2 |
| 2016-07 | -4.7 |
| 2016-06 | -6.8 |
| 2016-05 | -6.2 |
| 2016-04 | -4.9 |
| 2016-03 | -5.1 |
| 2016-02 | -4.6 |
| 2016-01 | -8.5 |
| 2015-12 | -8.9 |
| 2015-11 | -5.8 |
| 2015-10 | -5.9 |
| 2015-09 | -7.5 |
| 2015-08 | -6.4 |
| 2015-07 | -6.9 |
| 2015-06 | -6.1 |
| 2015-05 | -6.2 |
| 2015-04 | -7.8 |
| 2015-03 | -9.8 |
| 2015-02 | -9.7 |
| 2015-01 | -11.4 |
| 2014-12 | -11.0 |
| 2014-11 | -10.3 |
| 2014-10 | -9.5 |
| 2014-09 | -10.6 |
| 2014-08 | -9.0 |
| 2014-07 | -9.2 |
| 2014-06 | -9.3 |
| 2014-05 | -9.9 |
| 2014-04 | -9.6 |
| 2014-03 | -10.8 |
| 2014-02 | -11.0 |
| 2014-01 | -8.4 |
| 2013-12 | -9.4 |
| 2013-11 | -8.5 |
| 2013-10 | -10.1 |
| 2013-09 | -10.4 |
| 2013-08 | -10.7 |
| 2013-07 | -12.3 |
| 2013-06 | -12.0 |
| 2013-05 | -12.3 |
| 2013-04 | -12.3 |
| 2013-03 | -12.0 |
| 2013-02 | -11.9 |
| 2013-01 | -9.8 |
| 2012-12 | -9.2 |
| 2012-11 | -9.6 |
| 2012-10 | -11.0 |
| 2012-09 | -7.6 |
| 2012-08 | -7.8 |
| 2012-07 | -4.3 |
| 2012-06 | -6.0 |
| 2012-05 | -5.6 |
| 2012-04 | -4.2 |
| 2012-03 | -0.7 |
| 2012-02 | -3.4 |
| 2012-01 | 0.5 |
| 2011-12 | -2.3 |
| 2011-11 | -4.3 |
| 2011-10 | -3.0 |
| 2011-09 | -1.6 |
| 2011-08 | -1.5 |
| 2011-07 | -0.3 |
| 2011-06 | 0.5 |
| 2011-05 | 5.1 |
| 2011-04 | 2.4 |
| 2011-03 | 3.5 |
| 2011-02 | 3.3 |
| 2011-01 | -0.1 |
| 2010-12 | 0.0 |
| 2010-11 | -1.1 |
| 2010-10 | -0.9 |
| 2010-09 | -3.1 |
| 2010-08 | -3.8 |
| 2010-07 | -7.7 |
| 2010-06 | -5.4 |
| 2010-05 | -5.7 |
| 2010-04 | -7.8 |
| 2010-03 | -7.5 |
| 2010-02 | -9.0 |
| 2010-01 | -8.5 |
| 2009-12 | -10.1 |
| 2009-11 | -10.1 |
| 2009-10 | -9.4 |
| 2009-09 | -12.4 |
| 2009-08 | -14.4 |
| 2009-07 | -18.5 |
| 2009-06 | -15.4 |
| 2009-05 | -17.8 |
| 2009-04 | -17.7 |
| 2009-03 | -17.1 |
| 2009-02 | -13.1 |
| 2009-01 | -13.1 |
| 2008-12 | -13.8 |
| 2008-11 | -9.6 |
| 2008-10 | -2.7 |
| 2008-09 | 0.3 |
| 2008-08 | 1.5 |
| 2008-07 | 3.4 |
| 2008-06 | 3.2 |
| 2008-05 | 3.4 |
| 2008-04 | 3.9 |
| 2008-03 | 2.6 |
| 2008-02 | 2.1 |
| 2008-01 | 2.2 |
| 2007-12 | 3.0 |
| 2007-11 | 2.7 |
| 2007-10 | 1.3 |
| 2007-09 | 2.3 |
| 2007-08 | 3.2 |
| 2007-07 | 3.4 |
| 2007-06 | 2.1 |
| 2007-05 | 2.9 |
| 2007-04 | 2.2 |
| 2007-03 | 1.5 |
| 2007-02 | 1.1 |
| 2007-01 | 1.8 |
graphiqueExpected prices in services
- Source: INSEE
In November 2024, the balance of opinion on the recent change in the workforce size has sharply rebounded, as has the one on the expected workforce size, though more moderately. Both remain below their average.
tableauEconomic outlook in the services sector
| Average* | Aug. 2024 | Sept. 2024 | Oct. 2024 | Nov. 2024 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Composite indicator | 100 | 98 | 99 | 101 | 99 |
| General outlook | -7 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -8 |
| Past activity | 2 | -1 | -2 | 0 | -1 |
| Expected activity | 2 | -1 | -2 | 4 | 0 |
| Expected demand | 0 | -3 | 1 | 2 | -1 |
| Past selling prices | -3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | -4 |
| Expected selling prices | -2 | 1 | 3 | 7 | -1 |
| Past employment | 2 | -11 | -4 | -9 | -3 |
| Past employment except temporary work agencies | 0 | -7 | -2 | -8 | -4 |
| Expected employment | 2 | -2 | -2 | -5 | -3 |
| Expected employment except temporary work agencies | 0 | -3 | -2 | -2 | -2 |
| Economic uncertainty felt** | 12 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 9 |
- * Average since 1989 for the composite indicator and since 1988 for the balances of opinion, except general outlook (June 2000) and uncertainty (April 2021)
- ** Balance of opinion not seasonally adjusted
- Source: INSEE, monthly business survey in services.
The business climate has sharply deteriorated in information-communication and in professional, scientific and technical activities
In November 2024, the business climate indicator in information-communication has sharply darkened, moved below its long-term average and reached its lowest level since February 2021. This decreased result mainly from the balances of opinion on the activity (past and expected) and on the expected demand, which have moved below their average.
In professional, scientific and technical activities, the business climate indicator has sharply retreated and moved away from its average, reaching its lowest level since April 2021. The balances of opinion on the activity, passed as expected, on the demand and on the general business outlook for the sector have all sharply diminished, and have moved below their average.
In road freight transport, the business climate has continued to fall and remains below its average; it has reached its lowest level since last December. The balances of opinion on the expected demand and on the past workforce size have sharply decreased.
In administrative and support services, the business climate indicator has slightly increased but remains below its average level. The balances of opinion on the workforce size and the one on the past activity have sharply improved, whereas that on the general business outlook for the sector has diminished.
In real estate activities, the business climate has improved and has moved above its average. The forward-looking balances of opinion on the activity, on the demand and on the workforce size have sharply increased in November.
Finally, the business climate in accommodation and food services has sharply brightened and has moved away from its long-term average. In particular, the balances of opinion on the workforce size, past and expected, and the one on the general business outlook for the sector have sharply increased and have moved above their average.
tableauBusiness climate composite indicator and balances of opinion by sub-sector in services
| Aggregated classification (NA 2008) at level A21 | Average* | Aug. 2024 | Sept. 2024 | Oct. 2024 | Nov. 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Road transport (8%) | |||||
| Composite indicator | 100 | 98 | 96 | 95 | 93 |
| General outlook | -18 | -25 | -22 | -30 | -27 |
| Past activity | -6 | -20 | -18 | -14 | -11 |
| Expected activity | -7 | -11 | -17 | -16 | -18 |
| Expected demand | -9 | -12 | -14 | -18 | -24 |
| Past employment | -5 | -6 | 1 | -4 | -12 |
| Expected employment | -7 | -6 | -11 | -11 | -10 |
| Accommodation and food service activities (8%) | |||||
| Composite indicator | 100 | 105 | 97 | 99 | 105 |
| General outlook | -13 | -8 | -21 | -14 | -5 |
| Past activity | -7 | -20 | -22 | -18 | -11 |
| Expected activity | -7 | 3 | -15 | -3 | 3 |
| Expected demand | -9 | 6 | -7 | -9 | -4 |
| Past employment | -5 | -14 | -6 | -12 | 1 |
| Expected employment | -5 | -1 | -1 | -8 | 5 |
| Information and communication (29%) | |||||
| Composite indicator | 100 | 98 | 100 | 100 | 96 |
| General outlook | 0 | 0 | -1 | -2 | -2 |
| Past activity | 8 | 17 | 15 | 10 | 6 |
| Expected activity | 9 | 6 | 9 | 19 | 4 |
| Expected demand | 10 | 6 | 19 | 21 | 8 |
| Past employment | 6 | -3 | 3 | -5 | -1 |
| Expected employment | 10 | -5 | 1 | 3 | -1 |
| Real estate activities (10%) | |||||
| Composite indicator | 100 | 95 | 101 | 99 | 102 |
| General outlook | -4 | -5 | -2 | -4 | -5 |
| Past activity | 6 | 7 | 3 | 11 | 5 |
| Expected activity | 6 | 0 | 6 | 5 | 10 |
| Expected demand | 1 | -3 | 4 | -3 | 5 |
| Past employment | 2 | 5 | -2 | 1 | -7 |
| Expected employment | 3 | -5 | 1 | -1 | 10 |
| Professional, scientific and technical activities (25%) | |||||
| Composite indicator | 100 | 97 | 96 | 99 | 95 |
| General outlook | -8 | -12 | -9 | -5 | -9 |
| Past activity | -1 | -1 | -5 | 1 | -9 |
| Expected activity | -2 | -6 | -12 | -9 | -13 |
| Expected demand | -5 | -11 | -13 | -10 | -13 |
| Past employment | 1 | -2 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Expected employment | 1 | -1 | -2 | -1 | -3 |
| Administrative and support service activities (18%) | |||||
| Composite indicator | 100 | 94 | 96 | 96 | 97 |
| General outlook | -3 | -2 | 1 | -2 | -4 |
| Past activity | 5 | -10 | -9 | -7 | -1 |
| Expected activity | 5 | -4 | -3 | 0 | 1 |
| Expected demand | 3 | -5 | -3 | -1 | 0 |
| Past employment | 7 | -15 | -7 | -17 | -10 |
| Expected employment | 6 | -3 | -7 | -16 | -11 |
- The figures in parentheses indicate the weights used to aggregate the sub-sector balances of opinion. The “other services” sub-sector is not displayed due to its low weight.
- *Composite indicator: average since 1989 (2006 for road transport); balances of opinion: average since 1988, except general outlook since June 2000 (2006 for road transport)
- Source: INSEE, monthly business survey in services.
Revision
The business climate indicator in services of October 2024 has not been revised (after rounding).
For further information
The composite indicators of business climate presented here are estimated independently of one another. Thus, that of the whole services cannot be deduced from the others. The same balances of opinion are included into their calculations, but they are not assigned the same weightings. Also, the indicators are scaled to have a long-run average of 100 and a standard deviation of 10. The climate series do not have the same historical beginning, so their standardisation differs slightly. Discrepancies may therefore appear from time to time.
For the three-modality questions, a balance of opinion is calculated as the difference between the weighted percentage of “increase” responses and the weighted percentage of “decrease” responses.
This survey is part of the Joint Harmonised EU Programme of Business and Consumer Surveys, partly funded by the European Commission.
The responses to this survey were collected between 28 October and 18 November 2024; most companies answer during the first two weeks of collection.
Additional information (simplified and detailed methodology, nomenclature, etc.) is available on the “Documentation” tab of the web page of this publication.
Next issue: 19 December 2024 at 8:45 am.
Documentation
Changes to business tendency surveys – October 2021 (pdf,181 Ko)
Abbreviated methodology (in French) (pdf,193 Ko)
Pour en savoir plus
The composite indicators of business climate presented here are estimated independently of one another. Thus, that of the whole services cannot be deduced from the others. The same balances of opinion are included into their calculations, but they are not assigned the same weightings. Also, the indicators are scaled to have a long-run average of 100 and a standard deviation of 10. The climate series do not have the same historical beginning, so their standardisation differs slightly. Discrepancies may therefore appear from time to time.
For the three-modality questions, a balance of opinion is calculated as the difference between the weighted percentage of “increase” responses and the weighted percentage of “decrease” responses.
This survey is part of the Joint Harmonised EU Programme of Business and Consumer Surveys, partly funded by the European Commission.
The responses to this survey were collected between 28 October and 18 November 2024; most companies answer during the first two weeks of collection.
Additional information (simplified and detailed methodology, nomenclature, etc.) is available on the “Documentation” tab of the web page of this publication.
Next issue: 19 December 2024 at 8:45 am.