Insee
Informations Rapides · 25 January 2024 · n° 16
Informations rapidesIn January 2024, the business climate has slightly deteriorated in wholesale trade Bimonthly survey of wholesaling - January 2024

According to the business managers surveyed in January 2024, the bimonthly business climate in wholesale trade has deteriorated again. The composite indicator has lost one point compared to November 2023 and stands at 90. It thus remains well below its long-term average (100). This slight deterioration reflects in particular the decrease of the balance of opinion concerning the received merchandise from abroad.

Informations rapides
No 16
Paru le :Paru le25/01/2024
Prochaine parution le : 19/09/2025 at 08:45 - September 2025

According to the business managers surveyed in January 2024, the bimonthly business climate in wholesale trade has deteriorated again. The composite indicator has lost one point compared to November 2023 and stands at 90. It thus remains well below its long-term average (100). This slight deterioration reflects in particular the decrease of the balance of opinion concerning the received merchandise from abroad.

Composite indicator

Composite indicator
Composite indicator
2024-B1 90.4
2023-B6 91.4
2023-B5 93.5
2023-B4 92.1
2023-B3 93.7
2023-B2 98.0
2023-B1 97.1
2022-B6 100.0
2022-B5 95.6
2022-B4 100.4
2022-B3 100.5
2022-B2 104.5
2022-B1 116.0
2021-B6 114.5
2021-B5 109.9
2021-B4 112.4
2021-B3 110.3
2021-B2 99.2
2021-B1 96.3
2020-B6 86.9
2020-B5 90.8
2020-B4 78.2
2020-B3 66.5
2020-B2 97.0
2020-B1 105.0
2019-B6 106.0
2019-B5 106.0
2019-B4 105.1
2019-B3 107.4
2019-B2 105.7
2019-B1 100.8
2018-B6 103.4
2018-B5 103.5
2018-B4 101.4
2018-B3 104.8
2018-B2 109.7
2018-B1 108.5
2017-B6 110.6
2017-B5 108.4
2017-B4 108.7
2017-B3 104.6
2017-B2 102.9
2017-B1 105.0
2016-B6 98.0
2016-B5 97.4
2016-B4 103.0
2016-B3 101.7
2016-B2 99.5
2016-B1 102.5
2015-B6 101.6
2015-B5 99.4
2015-B4 101.9
2015-B3 100.9
2015-B2 96.3
2015-B1 95.7
2014-B6 95.3
2014-B5 90.8
2014-B4 96.1
2014-B3 97.8
2014-B2 97.9
2014-B1 97.1
2013-B6 97.8
2013-B5 97.0
2013-B4 87.5
2013-B3 87.7
2013-B2 88.3
2013-B1 88.9
2012-B6 89.0
2012-B5 90.9
2012-B4 94.7
2012-B3 92.8
2012-B2 99.4
2012-B1 95.4
2011-B6 96.0
2011-B5 100.1
2011-B4 105.9
2011-B3 107.3
2011-B2 108.3
2011-B1 106.1
2010-B6 104.5
2010-B5 105.1
2010-B4 100.4
2010-B3 94.6
2010-B2 85.1
2010-B1 85.1
2009-B6 78.0
2009-B5 76.5
2009-B4 70.9
2009-B3 68.7
2009-B2 67.3
2009-B1 79.2
2008-B6 84.0
2008-B5 94.3
2008-B4 96.7
2008-B3 101.5
2008-B2 106.7
2008-B1 107.4
2007-B6 108.9
2007-B5 111.5
2007-B4 107.6
2007-B3 110.5
2007-B2 111.6
2007-B1 108.1
2006-B6 110.1
2006-B5 106.9
2006-B4 107.4
2006-B3 101.9
2006-B2 99.3
2006-B1 103.7
2005-B6 99.5
2005-B5 94.8
2005-B4 96.1
2005-B3 92.4
2005-B2 97.5
2005-B1 100.7

Composite indicator

  • Source: INSEE - business tendency survey in wholesale trade.

The balances of opinion related to activity have barely changed

In January 2024, the balance of opinion of wholesalers regarding their ordering intentions is stable: decreasing almost continuously since January 2022, it remains at its lowest level since November 2020. At the sub-sector level, it has improved only in the wholesale trade of food products and beverages and in the one of “other industrial capital goods”, and is almost stable or has diminished in the other sub-sectors.

The balances on the general business outlook and on the past sales are almost stable and remain below their long-term average (its lowest level since July 2020 for the balance concerning the past sales).

Finally, the balances related to the received merchandise, as a whole or more specifically from abroad, have both diminished again and have moved away from their long-term average.

Economic outlook in the wholesale trade sector

Balances of opinion in %, S.A.
Economic outlook in the wholesale trade sector (Balances of opinion in %, S.A.)
Ave. (1) July 23 Sep. 23 Nov. 23 Jan. 24
Business climate 100 92 94 91 90
General business outlook -23 -29 -28 -35 -34
Sales -14 -22 -23 -26 -27
export sales -15 -25 -25 -22 -20
Received merchandise -9 -17 -16 -19 -21
received from abroad -11 -21 -18 -19 -24
Ordering intentions -15 -21 -18 -22 -22
ordering from abroad -15 -25 -20 -23 -21
Shipments abroad -15 -19 -16 -23 -19
Stocks 8 10 12 13 11
Past workforce -1 0 -2 -6 -10
Expected workforce -2 3 2 -4 -5
Cash position -9 -9 -9 -9 -10
Past selling prices 8 -3 12 3 -1
Expected selling prices 15 4 9 7 6
  • (1) Average since July 1979.
  • Source : INSEE - business tendency survey in wholesale trade

The balances of opinion on the past and expected selling prices have decreased again

In January 2024, the balances of opinion on the past and expected changes in the selling prices of wholesalers have decreased again and have moved away from their long-term average.

Expected prices in wholesale trade

Expected prices in wholesale trade
Expected prices
2024-B1 6.1
2023-B6 6.5
2023-B5 9.2
2023-B4 3.6
2023-B3 6.7
2023-B2 27.6
2023-B1 38.0
2022-B6 40.6
2022-B5 41.0
2022-B4 42.7
2022-B3 48.5
2022-B2 47.4
2022-B1 37.0
2021-B6 39.7
2021-B5 33.6
2021-B4 32.2
2021-B3 26.2
2021-B2 18.6
2021-B1 10.5
2020-B6 -3.5
2020-B5 4.7
2020-B4 1.3
2020-B3 -4.2
2020-B2 -1.4
2020-B1 7.9
2019-B6 6.9
2019-B5 3.2
2019-B4 3.2
2019-B3 2.7
2019-B2 4.7
2019-B1 7.7
2018-B6 8.2
2018-B5 12.4
2018-B4 9.0
2018-B3 6.4
2018-B2 13.0
2018-B1 8.3
2017-B6 10.2
2017-B5 3.8
2017-B4 5.3
2017-B3 4.1
2017-B2 5.1
2017-B1 9.2
2016-B6 2.4
2016-B5 -2.8
2016-B4 0.1
2016-B3 -0.9
2016-B2 -3.4
2016-B1 -5.7
2015-B6 -1.4
2015-B5 -8.2
2015-B4 2.9
2015-B3 5.1
2015-B2 -0.5
2015-B1 -6.7
2014-B6 -10.7
2014-B5 -8.7
2014-B4 -4.2
2014-B3 -0.8
2014-B2 2.1
2014-B1 6.0
2013-B6 0.5
2013-B5 0.3
2013-B4 -3.9
2013-B3 -3.2
2013-B2 -2.2
2013-B1 5.1
2012-B6 5.5
2012-B5 11.3
2012-B4 8.9
2012-B3 6.0
2012-B2 11.7
2012-B1 11.0
2011-B6 14.2
2011-B5 6.2
2011-B4 11.9
2011-B3 19.8
2011-B2 24.6
2011-B1 22.9
2010-B6 8.7
2010-B5 11.5
2010-B4 8.6
2010-B3 5.1
2010-B2 0.2
2010-B1 -3.9
2009-B6 -7.2
2009-B5 -6.8
2009-B4 -11.9
2009-B3 -7.5
2009-B2 -12.5
2009-B1 -5.5
2008-B6 0.4
2008-B5 10.3
2008-B4 18.8
2008-B3 15.3
2008-B2 18.6
2008-B1 26.9
2007-B6 23.9
2007-B5 20.9
2007-B4 16.2
2007-B3 14.1
2007-B2 10.1
2007-B1 10.2

Expected prices in wholesale trade

  • Source: INSEE - business tendency survey in wholesale trade.

Wholesalers are slightly less optimistic concerning the expected evolution of their workforce size

The balances of opinion on the past and expected changes in the workforce size have diminished again and have moved away from their long-term average. The one on the past change in the workforce size has been diminishing since May 2023.

The balance of opinion on the stock levels has retreated a little

The balance of opinion on the level of inventories has retreated a little but remains yet above its average. It has decreased in particular in the wholesale trade of food products and beverages, in the one of information and communication equipment, in the one of “other industrial capital goods”, and concerning “other specialized wholesale trade”. Conversely, it has sharply increased in the wholesale trade of raw agricultural products and live animals and in the one of household goods.

Finally, the balance related to the cash position has slightly diminished, just below its long-term average.

Balances of opinion by sub-sector in wholesale trade

Balances of opinion, in %, S.A.
Balances of opinion by sub-sector in wholesale trade (Balances of opinion, in %, S.A.)
Ave. (1) July 23 Sep. 23 Nov. 23 Jan. 24
Raw agricultural products and live animals
Sales -13 -23 -29 -28 -33
Export sales -16 -38 -41 -23 -29
Merchandise received from abroad -11 -32 -41 -26 -24
Ordering intentions -13 -27 -12 -20 -21
Current stocks 5 0 6 4 17
Food products and beverages
Sales -15 -16 -24 -21 -23
Export sales -13 -22 -33 -24 -23
Merchandise received from abroad -13 -13 -13 -7 -15
Ordering intentions -11 -11 -14 -21 -14
Current stocks 4 12 6 13 2
Household goods
Sales -10 -13 -13 -14 -8
Export sales -11 -18 -13 -16 -13
Merchandise received from abroad -6 -13 -15 -16 -25
Ordering intentions -13 -11 -14 -11 -15
Current stocks 12 17 9 13 19
Information and communication equipment
Sales -8 -41 -17 -19 -23
Export sales -12 -39 -32 -12 -28
Merchandise received from abroad -7 -55 -33 -28 -28
Ordering intentions -10 -35 -17 -11 -19
Current stocks 8 -2 2 16 11
Other industrial capital goods
Sales -16 -25 -25 -27 -27
Export sales -21 -26 -23 -34 -20
Merchandise received from abroad -11 -14 -10 -23 -18
Ordering intentions -21 -25 -27 -33 -30
Current stocks 12 24 22 23 18
Other specialised wholesale trade
Sales -17 -31 -33 -38 -44
Export sales -18 -21 -21 -22 -17
Merchandise received from abroad -13 -20 -17 -23 -26
Ordering intentions -18 -30 -23 -29 -28
Current stocks 6 2 19 8 4
  • (1) Average since July 1979.
  • Source : INSEE – business tendency survey in wholesale trade

Revisions

The business climate in wholesale trade in November 2023 has been revised upwards by one point (after rounding). This revision is mainly due to the inclusion of late responses from companies.

Further information

A balance of opinion is the difference between the weighted percentage of “above normal” or “increase” answers and the weighted percentage of “below normal” or “decrease” answers.

Answers to this survey have been gathered between 28 December 2023 and 22 January 2024.

Additional information (methodology, links, etc.) is available on the “Documentation” tab of the web page of this publication.

Next issue: 21 March 2024 at 8:45 am.

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