Insee
Informations Rapides · 21 December 2023 · n° 327
Informations rapidesIn December 2023, the business climate in retail trade and in trade and repair of motor vehicles has improved Monthly survey of retailing - December 2023

In December 2023, the business climate in retail trade and trade and repair of motor vehicles as a whole has improved. At 100, the indicator that synthesizes it has gained four points and is back to its long-term average. This improvement is mainly the result of the rise of the balances of opinion associated with the expected change in the workforce size, the ordering intentions and the general business outlook.

Informations rapides
No 327
Paru le :Paru le21/12/2023
Prochaine parution le : 19/09/2025 at 08:45 - September 2025

In December 2023, the business climate in retail trade and trade and repair of motor vehicles as a whole has improved. At 100, the indicator that synthesizes it has gained four points and is back to its long-term average. This improvement is mainly the result of the rise of the balances of opinion associated with the expected change in the workforce size, the ordering intentions and the general business outlook.

Composite indicator

Composite indicator
Business climate synthetic indicator
2023-12 99.9
2023-11 96.5
2023-10 98.0
2023-09 102.7
2023-08 105.0
2023-07 105.6
2023-06 101.7
2023-05 96.7
2023-04 100.0
2023-03 97.5
2023-02 100.2
2023-01 99.4
2022-12 98.7
2022-11 96.2
2022-10 97.5
2022-09 96.8
2022-08 99.1
2022-07 95.5
2022-06 94.5
2022-05 94.1
2022-04 91.1
2022-03 98.7
2022-02 105.7
2022-01 104.0
2021-12 106.8
2021-11 107.8
2021-10 106.5
2021-09 108.0
2021-08 110.1
2021-07 114.1
2021-06 116.4
2021-05 107.8
2021-04 91.7
2021-03 96.4
2021-02 89.3
2021-01 93.6
2020-12 93.5
2020-11 70.9
2020-10 98.0
2020-09 98.1
2020-08 96.9
2020-07 90.4
2020-06 86.7
2020-05 61.7
2020-04 58.2
2020-03 93.6
2020-02 107.3
2020-01 106.7
2019-12 108.7
2019-11 106.7
2019-10 106.6
2019-09 107.1
2019-08 103.4
2019-07 106.0
2019-06 104.8
2019-05 104.9
2019-04 107.8
2019-03 105.1
2019-02 103.5
2019-01 102.1
2018-12 100.2
2018-11 107.4
2018-10 107.5
2018-09 110.1
2018-08 116.1
2018-07 113.9
2018-06 113.7
2018-05 113.1
2018-04 113.6
2018-03 114.5
2018-02 117.0
2018-01 117.3
2017-12 116.7
2017-11 116.2
2017-10 116.6
2017-09 113.4
2017-08 111.2
2017-07 112.0
2017-06 111.2
2017-05 107.1
2017-04 105.7
2017-03 107.8
2017-02 107.6
2017-01 108.9
2016-12 108.2
2016-11 103.2
2016-10 102.0
2016-09 102.9
2016-08 104.6
2016-07 104.5
2016-06 104.0
2016-05 106.2
2016-04 103.0
2016-03 103.9
2016-02 102.6
2016-01 104.3
2015-12 101.6
2015-11 105.2
2015-10 108.3
2015-09 106.0
2015-08 106.6
2015-07 103.2
2015-06 104.3
2015-05 103.1
2015-04 103.1
2015-03 102.2
2015-02 102.0
2015-01 98.8
2014-12 94.4
2014-11 92.8
2014-10 89.3
2014-09 88.6
2014-08 90.6
2014-07 96.7
2014-06 94.7
2014-05 96.4
2014-04 96.5
2014-03 95.4
2014-02 94.7
2014-01 95.2
2013-12 94.0
2013-11 91.9
2013-10 95.4
2013-09 97.7
2013-08 93.4
2013-07 85.4
2013-06 85.0
2013-05 83.5
2013-04 84.5
2013-03 86.4
2013-02 89.6
2013-01 85.0
2012-12 88.0
2012-11 88.3
2012-10 87.4
2012-09 85.9
2012-08 90.9
2012-07 89.3
2012-06 93.1
2012-05 90.9
2012-04 96.0
2012-03 93.4
2012-02 90.6
2012-01 88.2
2011-12 92.9
2011-11 93.9
2011-10 94.7
2011-09 93.9
2011-08 98.2
2011-07 101.4
2011-06 102.1
2011-05 103.9
2011-04 103.1
2011-03 103.7
2011-02 106.5
2011-01 106.6
2010-12 107.8
2010-11 104.3
2010-10 107.5
2010-09 105.9
2010-08 106.2
2010-07 101.0
2010-06 101.0
2010-05 101.7
2010-04 103.1
2010-03 97.9
2010-02 98.7
2010-01 98.3
2009-12 96.6
2009-11 98.2
2009-10 92.7
2009-09 90.4
2009-08 87.4
2009-07 86.1
2009-06 79.7
2009-05 80.5
2009-04 75.7
2009-03 82.5
2009-02 78.6
2009-01 77.6
2008-12 76.4
2008-11 84.0
2008-10 80.7
2008-09 96.2
2008-08 93.0
2008-07 95.4
2008-06 99.4
2008-05 103.0
2008-04 103.4
2008-03 109.3
2008-02 108.5
2008-01 110.0
2007-12 114.4
2007-11 112.6
2007-10 111.4
2007-09 111.8
2007-08 115.0
2007-07 117.0
2007-06 120.4
2007-05 114.5
2007-04 113.2
2007-03 110.9
2007-02 112.2
2007-01 107.5
2006-12 108.3
2006-11 110.7
2006-10 111.6
2006-09 110.2
2006-08 109.6
2006-07 108.0
2006-06 107.5
2006-05 105.2
2006-04 103.5
2006-03 102.1
2006-02 102.5
2006-01 103.0
2005-12 103.9
2005-11 99.6
2005-10 101.6
2005-09 98.9
2005-08 97.7
2005-07 95.8
2005-06 97.8
2005-05 101.2
2005-04 103.5
2005-03 104.1
2005-02 103.6
2005-01 105.9

Composite indicator

  • Source: INSEE

The balances of opinion related to the activity and the workforce size have advanced

In December 2023, the balance of opinion on the ordering intentions has rebounded, as well as the balances related to the past and expected sales. However, these three balances remain below their long-term average. The balance on the general business outlook has grown again and has moved away from its average. The one associated with the current level of stocks has retreated but remains well above its own.

Moreover, the balance of opinion associated with the expected change in the workforce size has sharply rebounded. The one related to its recent change has also grown but more modestly. Both of them remain yet below their long-term average.

Finally, business managers are as numerous as in the previous month to consider that the evolution of their business situation is difficult to forecast.

Tendency in retail trade and in trade and repair of motor vehicles

Balances of opinion, in %, S.A.
Tendency in retail trade and in trade and repair of motor vehicles (Balances of opinion, in %, S.A.)
Ave. (1) Sep. 23 Oct. 23 Nov. 23 Dec. 23
Business climate 100 103 98 96 100
General business outlook -27 -19 -26 -20 -17
Recent sales -7 2 -5 -14 -12
Expected sales -3 -7 -11 -12 -11
Ordering intentions -8 -8 -12 -15 -13
Stocks 10 14 22 23 19
Past selling prices (2) -3 22 - 14 -
Expected selling prices 0 14 14 8 10
Cash position (2) -15 -24 - -26 -
Past workforce size -1 -8 -9 -13 -10
Expected workforce size -4 -7 -11 -13 -7
Economic uncertainty felt (3) 38 41 38 40 40
  • (1) Average since 1991 (except 2004 for recent and expected sales and ordering intentions, and April 2021 for uncertainty felt).
  • (2) Bimonthly question (odd-numbered months).
  • (3) Non-seasonally adjusted balance.
  • Source: INSEE - monthly survey in retail trade and in trade and repair of motor vehicles

Recent sales and ordering intentions

Recent sales and ordering intentions
Ordering intentions Recent sales
2023-12 -13.0 -12.4
2023-11 -15.2 -14.2
2023-10 -11.6 -5.2
2023-09 -7.8 1.7
2023-08 -8.0 6.2
2023-07 -8.5 -1.9
2023-06 -8.8 -9.1
2023-05 -16.0 -5.8
2023-04 -11.3 -1.6
2023-03 -14.9 -5.7
2023-02 -10.4 -1.2
2023-01 -11.8 6.0
2022-12 -10.4 -1.4
2022-11 -15.4 2.1
2022-10 -8.7 -2.8
2022-09 -13.9 -4.9
2022-08 -7.4 -12.3
2022-07 -10.7 -20.4
2022-06 -12.6 -16.1
2022-05 -14.4 -12.9
2022-04 -18.7 -18.6
2022-03 -5.0 -12.4
2022-02 -3.1 -7.0
2022-01 -3.3 -4.7
2021-12 -1.6 -6.2
2021-11 -0.5 -11.0
2021-10 -3.8 -17.6
2021-09 -2.0 -11.2
2021-08 3.9 11.0
2021-07 2.6 0.3
2021-06 1.0 -2.0
2021-05 -7.2 -10.9
2021-04 -16.0 -7.4
2021-03 -8.5 -16.4
2021-02 -15.5 -14.1
2021-01 -13.4 -5.4
2020-12 -11.4 -21.8
2020-11 -37.0 7.4
2020-10 0.4 -2.1
2020-09 -6.3 6.2
2020-08 -3.9 -9.9
2020-07 -9.6 -42.0
2020-06 -13.8 -48.2
2020-05 -47.3 -56.4
2020-04 -56.4 -4.3
2020-03 -12.5 -4.4
2020-02 -0.6 1.6
2020-01 -2.8 11.1
2019-12 1.3 -1.5
2019-11 -1.0 -5.8
2019-10 -2.5 -6.3
2019-09 -3.7 0.5
2019-08 -7.8 -5.0
2019-07 -5.0 -3.7
2019-06 -7.6 -9.0
2019-05 -6.3 -10.9
2019-04 0.3 -12.9
2019-03 -2.4 -17.9
2019-02 -6.2 -10.0
2019-01 -6.4 -9.1
2018-12 -5.6 -9.1
2018-11 -0.6 -6.8
2018-10 -2.2 -8.1
2018-09 0.6 2.0
2018-08 13.4 0.3
2018-07 3.7 -2.1
2018-06 5.2 -8.7
2018-05 2.6 -6.9
2018-04 2.1 -9.7
2018-03 2.3 -8.2
2018-02 4.2 5.1
2018-01 6.3 1.9
2017-12 5.9 1.5
2017-11 7.7 -5.1
2017-10 9.3 -0.4
2017-09 2.3 -1.6
2017-08 -0.8 -1.0
2017-07 -1.4 5.5
2017-06 -1.0 -5.9
2017-05 -3.2 -5.5
2017-04 -3.5 -11.9
2017-03 0.2 -1.8
2017-02 -0.4 4.2
2017-01 1.5 1.0
2016-12 -0.1 -1.2
2016-11 -9.2 -6.3
2016-10 -8.2 -10.7
2016-09 -6.1 -10.5
2016-08 -3.9 -4.1
2016-07 -5.1 -5.1
2016-06 -3.7 -4.0
2016-05 -3.8 4.8
2016-04 -8.7 1.5
2016-03 -3.5 -5.2
2016-02 -6.8 -9.2
2016-01 -6.1 -4.9
2015-12 -5.2 -15.3
2015-11 -3.5 3.0
2015-10 0.3 4.4
2015-09 -2.6 1.6
2015-08 -1.5 8.0
2015-07 -6.3 -0.6
2015-06 -1.3 -8.3
2015-05 -3.0 -4.4
2015-04 -2.2 -2.6
2015-03 -3.3 -5.4
2015-02 -1.9 -4.3
2015-01 -4.9 -8.6
2014-12 -12.7 -10.2
2014-11 -13.6 -14.7
2014-10 -16.8 -23.7
2014-09 -18.4 -30.6
2014-08 -17.3 -19.8
2014-07 -10.3 -5.9
2014-06 -13.8 -11.9
2014-05 -11.3 -14.8
2014-04 -9.6 -21.3
2014-03 -11.1 -16.9
2014-02 -13.3 -13.1
2014-01 -12.7 -10.7
2013-12 -15.2 -10.6
2013-11 -13.5 -12.9
2013-10 -13.4 -11.5
2013-09 -7.5 -12.8
2013-08 -13.4 -18.3
2013-07 -23.1 -26.0
2013-06 -19.4 -24.4
2013-05 -21.7 -29.8
2013-04 -19.6 -31.8
2013-03 -17.1 -25.9
2013-02 -14.0 -27.2
2013-01 -25.5 -17.3
2012-12 -17.7 -21.2
2012-11 -18.5 -16.4
2012-10 -19.3 -23.0
2012-09 -21.7 -23.8
2012-08 -15.1 -8.3
2012-07 -15.4 -19.5
2012-06 -12.9 -18.3
2012-05 -16.8 -14.8
2012-04 -13.7 -8.1
2012-03 -16.0 -12.3
2012-02 -15.4 -15.4
2012-01 -19.9 -20.3
2011-12 -13.9 -17.5
2011-11 -12.6 -13.0
2011-10 -13.5 -15.7
2011-09 -13.1 -17.4
2011-08 -11.3 -6.5
2011-07 -11.6 -9.4
2011-06 -11.4 0.1
2011-05 -7.9 3.6
2011-04 -7.2 1.7
2011-03 -5.8 -6.4
2011-02 -2.4 1.6
2011-01 -1.8 4.3
2010-12 -1.3 4.1
2010-11 -4.9 -8.0
2010-10 1.3 -3.9
2010-09 -2.3 -1.8
2010-08 -1.6 4.0
2010-07 -7.9 -5.3
2010-06 -4.7 -1.0
2010-05 -7.0 2.1
2010-04 -4.5 -2.7
2010-03 -10.0 -20.1
2010-02 -9.9 -13.0
2010-01 -13.4 -4.7

Recent sales and ordering intentions

  • Source: INSEE

The balance of opinion on the expected prices has slightly rebounded

In December 2023, the balance of opinion on the expected selling prices has somewhat rebounded and remains above its long-term average.

Expected prices in retail trade and in trade and repair of motor vehicles

Expected prices in retail trade and in trade and repair of motor vehicles
Expected prices
2023-12 9.6
2023-11 8.0
2023-10 13.6
2023-09 14.4
2023-08 13.9
2023-07 14.4
2023-06 18.8
2023-05 26.8
2023-04 37.0
2023-03 46.7
2023-02 45.3
2023-01 41.2
2022-12 37.3
2022-11 38.2
2022-10 44.5
2022-09 40.9
2022-08 42.2
2022-07 40.3
2022-06 41.0
2022-05 41.3
2022-04 36.1
2022-03 37.5
2022-02 35.8
2022-01 26.1
2021-12 24.9
2021-11 26.2
2021-10 23.5
2021-09 15.1
2021-08 14.4
2021-07 13.4
2021-06 10.1
2021-05 3.7
2021-04 0.5
2021-03 1.7
2021-02 -0.2
2021-01 0.3
2020-12 -3.9
2020-11 -4.0
2020-10 2.9
2020-09 1.0
2020-08 -0.1
2020-07 -2.7
2020-06 -3.6
2020-05 -8.2
2020-04 -8.1
2020-03 -1.5
2020-02 2.1
2020-01 -0.2
2019-12 3.0
2019-11 1.5
2019-10 3.9
2019-09 1.8
2019-08 -1.0
2019-07 -1.2
2019-06 -3.3
2019-05 -0.5
2019-04 2.3
2019-03 0.9
2019-02 0.3
2019-01 -2.9
2018-12 4.1
2018-11 -1.3
2018-10 -0.6
2018-09 0.3
2018-08 -1.6
2018-07 0.7
2018-06 -3.3
2018-05 -2.0
2018-04 -3.0
2018-03 -3.4
2018-02 0.9
2018-01 -3.5
2017-12 -1.6
2017-11 1.4
2017-10 3.6
2017-09 -2.0
2017-08 -0.4
2017-07 -2.5
2017-06 -2.1
2017-05 -7.4
2017-04 -4.2
2017-03 -1.1
2017-02 -4.1
2017-01 0.2
2016-12 -0.7
2016-11 -1.2
2016-10 -7.3
2016-09 -6.5
2016-08 -4.2
2016-07 -4.5
2016-06 -7.6
2016-05 -4.7
2016-04 -6.4
2016-03 -5.1
2016-02 -6.6
2016-01 -8.3
2015-12 -7.5
2015-11 -2.8
2015-10 -3.0
2015-09 -7.2
2015-08 -7.8
2015-07 -5.6
2015-06 -3.1
2015-05 -7.4
2015-04 -5.3
2015-03 -9.3
2015-02 -10.0
2015-01 -11.7
2014-12 -11.4
2014-11 -11.8
2014-10 -13.8
2014-09 -14.0
2014-08 -12.2
2014-07 -9.7
2014-06 -13.9
2014-05 -14.2
2014-04 -16.4
2014-03 -12.7
2014-02 -10.3
2014-01 -2.4
2013-12 -1.0
2013-11 -3.6
2013-10 -2.9
2013-09 -0.5
2013-08 -3.5
2013-07 -1.6
2013-06 -6.9
2013-05 -0.7
2013-04 -13.8
2013-03 -1.6
2013-02 -8.2
2013-01 -6.3
2012-12 -1.6
2012-11 -5.0
2012-10 -4.8
2012-09 -0.9
2012-08 -3.6
2012-07 -1.8
2012-06 -2.0
2012-05 -1.6
2012-04 -1.2
2012-03 3.7
2012-02 3.7
2012-01 5.1
2011-12 7.1
2011-11 4.8
2011-10 3.3
2011-09 3.3
2011-08 5.2
2011-07 4.8
2011-06 5.2
2011-05 9.7
2011-04 9.0
2011-03 7.6
2011-02 5.8
2011-01 2.5
2010-12 -1.4
2010-11 -0.2
2010-10 0.8
2010-09 -1.7
2010-08 -5.0
2010-07 -3.6
2010-06 -0.8
2010-05 -3.4
2010-04 -4.2
2010-03 -4.3
2010-02 -5.0
2010-01 -5.7
2009-12 -5.7
2009-11 -9.3
2009-10 -8.0
2009-09 -4.9
2009-08 -11.4
2009-07 -5.7
2009-06 -16.4
2009-05 -17.4
2009-04 -18.3
2009-03 -30.6
2009-02 -17.4
2009-01 -17.8
2008-12 -20.4
2008-11 -26.8
2008-10 -6.3
2008-09 -15.4
2008-08 4.6
2008-07 6.0
2008-06 3.8
2008-05 1.9
2008-04 1.5
2008-03 8.1
2008-02 1.5
2008-01 5.4
2007-12 3.1
2007-11 14.5
2007-10 0.0
2007-09 7.8
2007-08 0.7
2007-07 -6.0
2007-06 -5.0
2007-05 -1.7
2007-04 -8.9
2007-03 -5.8
2007-02 -1.7
2007-01 -6.2

Expected prices in retail trade and in trade and repair of motor vehicles

  • Source: INSEE

Business managers are more positive on their recent activity in retail trade (excluding motor vehicles) than in trade and repair of motor vehicles

The balance of opinion on the past sales as well as the one on the ordering intentions have rebounded in December in retail trade (excluding motor vehicles) but have sharply retreated in trade and repair of motor vehicles.

The balance on the expected selling prices has slightly diminished in retail trade (excluding motor vehicles) but remains yet well above its long-term average. In trade and repair of motor vehicles, it has sharply rebounded but remains below its own.

Finally, the balance on the expected change in the workforce size has moved above its long-term average in trade and repair of motor vehicles. In retail trade (excluding motor vehicles), it has also risen but remains below its own.

Balances of opinion by sub-sector in retail trade and trade and repair of motor vehicles

Balances of opinion, in %, S.A.
Balances of opinion by sub-sector in retail trade and trade and repair of motor vehicles (Balances of opinion, in %, S.A.)
Ave. (1) Sep. 23 Oct. 23 Nov. 23 Dec. 23
Retail trade
General business outlook -28 -18 -26 -20 -15
Recent sales -7 3 -7 -22 -13
Expected sales -2 -5 -13 -13 -9
Ordering intentions -7 -7 -10 -18 -12
Stocks 10 16 21 25 21
Past selling prices (2) -5 28 - 18 -
Expected selling prices -2 15 19 13 12
Cash position (2) -14 -26 - -26 -
Past workforce size 0 -8 -10 -15 -13
Expected workforce size -4 -9 -15 -15 -10
Economic uncertainty felt (3) 36 40 36 39 40
Trade and repair of motor vehicles
General business outlook -25 -20 -27 -19 -22
Recent sales -7 -1 -1 3 -11
Expected sales -7 -11 -7 -8 -15
Ordering intentions -9 -10 -15 -10 -14
Stocks 12 10 24 19 15
Past selling prices (2) 5 9 - 4 -
Expected selling prices 7 13 2 -3 5
Cash position (2) -21 -18 - -25 -
Past workforce size -7 -6 -10 -8 -2
Expected workforce size -5 -1 1 -8 1
Economic uncertainty felt (3) 43 43 40 43 41
  • (1) Average since 1991 for retail trade and 2003 for trade and repair of motor vehicles (except 2004 for recent and expected sales and ordering intentions, and April 2021 for uncertainty felt).
  • (2) Bimonthly question (odd-numbered months).
  • (3) Non-seasonally adjusted balance.
  • Source: INSEE - monthly survey in retail trade and in trade and repair of motor vehicles

Revisions

The business climate for November 2023 in retail trade and trade and repair of motor vehicles is unchanged (after rounding).

For more information

The whole sector “retail trade and trade and repair of motor vehicles” is composed for 70% of retail trade and for 30% of trade and repair of motor vehicles.

For the three-modality questions, a balance of opinion is the difference between weighted percentage of “increase” or “above normal” answers and weighted percentage of “decrease” or “below normal” answers.

This survey is part of the Joint Harmonised EU Programme of Business and Consumer Surveys, partly funded by the European Commission.

Company responses were collected between 24 November and 18 December 2023.

Next issue: 25 January 2024 at 8:45 am.

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