Insee
Informations Rapides · 25 March 2021 · n° 73
Informations rapidesThe business climate in wholesale trade has further improved in March 2021 Bi-monthly survey of wholesaling - March 2021

According to the business managers surveyed in March 2021, the business climate in wholesale trade has improved between January and March, though less swiftly than between November and January. The composite indicator has gained 3 points and stands at 98, nearby its long-term average (100). Among the several sub-sectors, the wholesale trade for information and communication equipment has stood out by its dynamism.

Informations rapides
No 73
Paru le :Paru le25/03/2021
Prochaine parution le : 19/09/2025 at 08:45 - September 2025
Warning

The responses to this survey were collected between 26 February and 22 March 22 2021, that is to say, for the vast majority, before the announcement on Thursday 18 March of new measures to fight the Covid-19 epidemic in 16 departments.

According to the business managers surveyed in March 2021, the business climate in wholesale trade has improved between January and March, though less swiftly than between November and January. The composite indicator has gained 3 points and stands at 98, nearby its long-term average (100). Among the several sub-sectors, the wholesale trade for information and communication equipment has stood out by its dynamism.

Composite indicator

Composite indicator
Composite indicator
2005-B1 100.5
2005-B2 97.3
2005-B3 92.2
2005-B4 95.8
2005-B5 94.6
2005-B6 99.5
2006-B1 103.7
2006-B2 98.9
2006-B3 102.0
2006-B4 107.4
2006-B5 106.8
2006-B6 110.3
2007-B1 107.9
2007-B2 111.7
2007-B3 110.4
2007-B4 107.3
2007-B5 111.6
2007-B6 108.6
2008-B1 107.2
2008-B2 106.7
2008-B3 101.6
2008-B4 96.6
2008-B5 94.3
2008-B6 83.8
2009-B1 78.9
2009-B2 66.7
2009-B3 68.0
2009-B4 70.0
2009-B5 75.9
2009-B6 77.2
2010-B1 84.5
2010-B2 84.7
2010-B3 94.5
2010-B4 100.4
2010-B5 104.8
2010-B6 104.3
2011-B1 105.8
2011-B2 108.3
2011-B3 107.2
2011-B4 105.7
2011-B5 100.0
2011-B6 95.8
2012-B1 95.1
2012-B2 99.1
2012-B3 92.8
2012-B4 94.6
2012-B5 90.6
2012-B6 88.8
2013-B1 88.5
2013-B2 88.0
2013-B3 87.7
2013-B4 87.1
2013-B5 96.7
2013-B6 97.4
2014-B1 96.7
2014-B2 97.8
2014-B3 97.6
2014-B4 96.1
2014-B5 90.9
2014-B6 95.2
2015-B1 95.4
2015-B2 96.0
2015-B3 100.7
2015-B4 101.9
2015-B5 99.2
2015-B6 101.2
2016-B1 101.8
2016-B2 99.3
2016-B3 101.8
2016-B4 102.9
2016-B5 97.4
2016-B6 97.6
2017-B1 103.7
2017-B2 102.8
2017-B3 104.2
2017-B4 109.6
2017-B5 108.5
2017-B6 110.5
2018-B1 106.8
2018-B2 109.2
2018-B3 104.0
2018-B4 102.2
2018-B5 103.4
2018-B6 103.2
2019-B1 99.4
2019-B2 105.3
2019-B3 107.1
2019-B4 105.9
2019-B5 106.0
2019-B6 105.9
2020-B1 103.5
2020-B2 96.7
2020-B3 66.5
2020-B4 79.1
2020-B5 89.6
2020-B6 86.4
2021-B1 95.5
2021-B2 97.8

Composite indicator

  • Source: INSEE - business tendency survey in wholesale trade.

The balances of opinion regarding future activity have all improved

The balance of opinion on the general business outlook has grown steeply from January to March and has exceeded its long-term average. The one related to ordering intentions has risen markedly and has come closer to its average. Both have reached their highest level since January 2020, although still below their pre-crisis level.

At the sub-sector level, the balance on ordering intentions over the next two months of wholesalers of information and communication equipment has leaped by 28 points, to a level unseen since July 2010. Besides, this balance of opinion has climbed beyond its long period average in the wholesale trade of “other industrial capital goods” and in the wholesale trade of household goods. In the other sub-sectors, it has been stable or has slightly improved, below its average.

The balance of opinion on past sales of wholesalers of capital goods has increased while it has remained flat in the other sub-sectors

From January to March 2021, the balance of opinion on the past two months sales of wholesale trade as a whole has been virtually stable, close to its long-term average. The balance on received merchandise has remained at its January level, below its mean.

The sub-sectorial picture is more mixed. On the one hand, the balance of opinion on the past sales of wholesalers of information and communication equipment and of wholesalers of “other industrial capital goods” has increased strongly. But on the other hand, the balance of opinion on the past sales of raw agricultural products and of food products wholesalers has stabilised, far beneath its long-term average. At last, this balance of opinion has fallen back sharply in the “other specialised wholesale trade” (fuels, building materials, chemicals, and the like).

The outlook for deliveries to be made abroad is deemed more favourable

Wholesalers have deemed that their supply from abroad have decreased over the last two months and will further decrease over the next two months. Indeed, the balances of opinion related to deliveries received from abroad and on ordering intentions from abroad have declined. Both now lie below their long-term average. Conversely, the balance of opinion on recent sales abroad and the one on shipments abroad have increased markedly, thus surpassing their average.

The balance of opinion on future workforce size has remained above its average

The balance of opinion regarding the forecasted change in workforce size has been virtually stable and remains above its average. The balance regarding the recent change in workforce size has clearly bounced back after a small slide between November and January probably linked to the second lockdown.

The balances of opinion on selling prices have skyrocketed

In March, the balances of opinion regarding past and expected selling prices have carried on with their strong hike started in January. Both have exceeded their long-term average and stand at their highest level since 2011.

Fewer wholesalers in March than in January have considered their cash flow situation to be difficult. The related balance has somewhat improved.

Updates

The business climate indicator in wholesale trade of January 2021 has been updated upwards by one point, from 94 to 95, as a result of the integration of belated business answers.

Wholesale trade sectors

Balances of opinion in %, S.A.
Wholesale trade sectors (Balances of opinion in %, S.A.)
Ave* Sept.-20 Nov.-20 Jan.-21 March-21
Composite indicators 100 90 86 95 98
General business outlook -23 -34 -65 -39 -17
Sales -14 -24 -21 -16 -15
export sales -16 -29 -31 -18 -13
Received merchandise -9 -23 -21 -16 -16
received from abroad -10 -23 -22 -15 -18
Ordering intentions -15 -25 -34 -21 -16
ordering from abroad -15 -27 -33 -12 -18
Shipments abroad -15 -37 -38 -24 -12
Stocks 8 1 1 3 -3
Past workforce -1 -11 -8 -10 -4
Expected workforce -2 -3 -16 1 2
Cash position -9 -8 -9 -4 -2
Past selling prices 7 1 -4 3 15
Expected selling prices 14 1 -6 9 21
  • * : average since september 1979
  • Source : INSEE - business tendency survey in wholesale trade

Wholesale trade sectors

Balances of opinion, in %, S.A.
Wholesale trade sectors (Balances of opinion, in %, S.A.)
Ave* Sept.-20 Nov.-20 Jan.-21 March-21
Raw agricultural products and live animals
Sales -13 -24 -21 -19 -20
Export sales -16 -5 -20 -10 -28
Merchandise received from abroad -10 7 8 -4 -20
Ordering intentions -13 -23 -36 -26 -26
Current stock 5 -4 0 2 -9
Food products and beverages
Sales -15 -15 -32 -31 -31
Export sales -12 -17 -36 -24 -28
Merchandise received from abroad -13 -19 -24 -27 -26
Ordering intentions -11 -21 -32 -29 -24
Current stocks 4 -4 -2 -10 -12
Household goods
Sales -10 -27 -13 -21 -15
Export sales -11 -31 -29 -26 -2
Merchandise received from abroad -6 -24 -12 -25 -22
Ordering intentions -14 -22 -31 -15 -12
Current stock 12 14 20 16 6
Information and communication equipment
Sales -8 12 11 -1 20
Export sales -12 22 25 28 27
Merchandise received from abroad -7 24 18 16 33
Ordering intentions -10 -13 -26 -7 21
Current stock 8 12 -4 -9 -30
Other industrial capital goods
Sales -16 -28 -31 -21 -6
Export sales -21 -27 -35 -36 -22
Merchandise received from abroad -11 -23 -32 -18 -17
Ordering intentions -21 -35 -44 -26 -13
Current stock 12 7 -1 0 5
Other specialised wholesale trade
Sales -17 -36 -21 3 -15
Export sales -19 -59 -45 -8 -13
Merchandise received from abroad -13 -49 -44 -8 -23
Ordering intentions -19 -28 -36 -21 -21
Current stock 6 -12 -8 10 1
  • * : average since september 1979
  • Source : INSEE – business tendency survey in wholesale trade

Past activity (sales) in capital goods

Past activity (sales) in capital goods
Capital goods in information and communication Other industrial capital goods
2008-B1 -23.7 5.2
2008-B2 -5.5 4.4
2008-B3 2.8 -3.5
2008-B4 -7.0 -14.3
2008-B5 -10.8 -20.7
2008-B6 -15.4 -35.4
2009-B1 -32.7 -57.0
2009-B2 -60.4 -74.2
2009-B3 -63.9 -67.8
2009-B4 -63.0 -70.0
2009-B5 -56.5 -70.0
2009-B6 -20.5 -68.2
2010-B1 -13.5 -56.7
2010-B2 -36.0 -57.5
2010-B3 -0.5 -40.3
2010-B4 29.5 -32.9
2010-B5 19.8 -16.0
2010-B6 19.9 -18.1
2011-B1 14.6 -17.4
2011-B2 -11.2 1.8
2011-B3 0.4 6.7
2011-B4 -1.6 -0.3
2011-B5 -6.6 0.1
2011-B6 -27.6 -12.8
2012-B1 -12.2 -12.2
2012-B2 -15.9 -15.4
2012-B3 -24.1 -28.8
2012-B4 -22.6 -30.0
2012-B5 -16.2 -28.0
2012-B6 -29.9 -36.8
2013-B1 -37.1 -41.7
2013-B2 -12.4 -33.6
2013-B3 -18.5 -37.8
2013-B4 -39.0 -38.3
2013-B5 -16.7 -30.6
2013-B6 -11.6 -25.7
2014-B1 -28.3 -28.0
2014-B2 -14.4 -19.9
2014-B3 -15.1 -27.2
2014-B4 -9.7 -38.8
2014-B5 -24.0 -40.9
2014-B6 -9.3 -38.5
2015-B1 -12.5 -35.9
2015-B2 -7.5 -32.9
2015-B3 3.3 -28.6
2015-B4 -3.8 -22.4
2015-B5 -3.3 -24.6
2015-B6 -7.9 -27.8
2016-B1 0.5 -18.4
2016-B2 0.1 -21.4
2016-B3 -11.1 -17.4
2016-B4 -0.8 -17.0
2016-B5 -3.6 -24.5
2016-B6 -11.6 -19.2
2017-B1 -8.3 -16.2
2017-B2 -6.0 -12.2
2017-B3 -7.3 -6.8
2017-B4 -0.6 0.5
2017-B5 -1.3 -1.7
2017-B6 -7.0 8.9
2018-B1 -13.0 8.0
2018-B2 1.1 1.6
2018-B3 0.9 -5.0
2018-B4 7.5 -7.8
2018-B5 13.4 -6.7
2018-B6 5.8 -9.4
2019-B1 -21.4 -16.3
2019-B2 20.0 -3.2
2019-B3 10.4 -1.0
2019-B4 -20.8 -4.2
2019-B5 0.4 1.1
2019-B6 -5.2 -4.8
2020-B1 -19.1 -10.3
2020-B2 -4.8 -13.8
2020-B3 -56.2 -84.3
2020-B4 -57.2 -56.1
2020-B5 12.1 -28.1
2020-B6 10.9 -31.2
2021-B1 -0.7 -20.8
2021-B2 20.1 -6.1

Past activity (sales) in capital goods

  • Source: INSEE - business tendency survey in wholesale trade

For further information

A balance of opinion is the difference between the weighted percentage of « above normal » or « increase » answers and the weighted percentage of « below normal » or « decrease » answers.

Since the May 2020 survey, the way of correcting missing answers has been modified. The usual method was to fill them in by carrying on past answers from non-responding companies. Results are now computed on the sole basis of responding companies.

Additional information (methodology, links, etc.) is available on the “Documentation” tab.

Next issue: 26 May 2021 at 8:45 am.

Pour en savoir plus

A balance of opinion is the difference between the weighted percentage of « above normal » or « increase » answers and the weighted percentage of « below normal » or « decrease » answers.

Since the May 2020 survey, the way of correcting missing answers has been modified. The usual method was to fill them in by carrying on past answers from non-responding companies. Results are now computed on the sole basis of responding companies.

Additional information (methodology, links, etc.) is available on the “Documentation” tab.

Next issue: 26 May 2021 at 8:45 am.

: bureau-de-presse@insee.fr