Informations Rapides ·
12 April 2024 · n° 94
In 2022, employment increased by 0.3% in the French civil service Civil Service employment - year 2022
Until 2021, The Information System on Civil Servants (SIASP) was primarily sourced by monthly payroll files for civil servants in the State civil service, by the census of civil servants for military personnel, by the Annual Declaration of Social Data (DADS) for local and hospital civil servants as well as for a part of the State civil servants. Since 2017, a growing proportion of the data has come from nominative social declarations (DSN), replacing other sources.
By 2022, in accordance with Decree 2016-611 of 18 May 2016, almost all public sector employers have switched their reporting systems over to DSN. This has given employers the opportunity to review their information and reporting systems, and therefore potentially change their reporting behaviour. In light of this change in information sources, INSEE overhauled its statistical processing of civil service employment and pay, and adjusted its concepts. Owing to these changes in declarations, applications and concepts, the results published in this publication are not fully comparable with those published in previous years. In order to present consistent and homogeneous annual trends between 2021 and 2022, the data for 2021 has also been reprocessed.
Overall, the number of civil servants including assisted contracts in the three branches of the civil service is 5,706.5 thousand in 2021 in this publication, in contrast to 5,716.9 thousand in the previous publication. This small difference in total masks larger variations by civil service branch.
The main conceptual change introduced by this overhaul is the accounting for multi-activity in the public and private sectors. This change ensures that individuals who work mainly in the private sector are no longer counted as civil servants. In previous publications indeed, due to technical reasons related to data sources, a civil servant’s main position on 31 December was determined from the active non-adjunct positions held on 31 December in the public sector only. From this publication onwards, following the switchover of almost all public sector employers to the DSN, an individual's main position on 31 December is now determined amongst the active non-adjunct positions held on 31 December in both the public and private sectors. In 2022, around 30,500 individuals held at least two active non-adjunct positions on 31 December, one in the public sector and the other in the private sector, such that the position held in the private sector was more financially remunerative than the position held in the public sector. The positions held by these individuals in the public sector are hence not included in this publication.
At the end of 2022, the civil service employed 5,723.8 thousand civil servants (including assisted contracts), 17,300 more than a year earlier (+0.3%). This increase is in line with the moderate growth in civil service employment since 2019 (notably +0.4% in 2021). After rising sharply in 2021, the number of assisted contracts fell back in 2022 in all three civil service branches. At the end of 2022, a total of 29,900 civil servants held this status, 11,000 fewer than in 2021. On the other hand, the number of civil servants excluding assisted contracts rose slightly in 2022: +28,300, representing an increase of +0.5%, after +0.3% in 2021.
In the State civil service, employment increased by 22,200 civil servants in 2022 (+0.9%) after remaining virtually stable in 2021 (-0.1%). Employment has increased sharply in public establishments (+2.8%), with most of this increase driven by public law contract workers. In Ministries, employment rose moderately (+6,400 agents, i.e. +0.3%), principally due to an increase in the number of public law contract workers in the Ministries responsible for National Education, Higher Education and Research.
In the local civil service, the workforce, including assisted contracts, fell slightly (-4,200 civil servants, i.e. -0.2%) following an increase in 2021 (+0.9%). This fall in 2022 is mainly driven by assisted contracts (-8,700 civil servants). Excluding assisted contracts, employment has risen slightly (+4,500 civil servants, i.e. +0.2%). Employment including assisted contracts decreased moderately in the communal sector (-0.3%) but increased slightly in regions and departments (+0.2%).
In the hospital civil service, employment has almost stabilised in 2022 (-700 civil servants, i.e. -0.1%), after an increase of +0.5% in 2021. The number of civil servants in medico-social establishments has fallen (-0.4%), due to a sharp drop in assisted contracts. Employment in hospitals has stabilised, following an increase of +0.7% in 2021.
tableauCivil service employment
| Workforce as at 31 December (1) | Level (in thousands) | Change (in %) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 (p) | 2020-2021 | 2021-2022 (p) | ||
| State civil service | Total incl. assisted contracts | 2546,6 | -0,1 | 0,9 |
| excl. assisted contracts | 2542,9 | -0,1 | 0,9 | |
| Local civil service | Total incl. assisted contracts | 1961,5 | 0,9 | -0,2 |
| excl. assisted contracts | 1937,2 | 0,6 | 0,2 | |
| Hospital civil service | Total incl. assisted contracts | 1215,7 | 0,5 | -0,1 |
| excl. assisted contracts | 1213,8 | 0,5 | 0,1 | |
| Civil service | Total incl. assisted contracts | 5723,8 | 0,4 | 0,3 |
| excl. assisted contracts | 5693,9 | 0,3 | 0,5 | |
- (p): provisional data
- (1): main position as at 31 December
- Scope: France, excluding Mayotte
- Sources: INSEE, Information System on Civil Servants (SIASP)
tableauCivil service employment per employer
| Workforce as at 31 December (1) | Level (in thousands) | Change (in %) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 (p) | 2021-2022 (p) | ||
| incl. assisted contracts | incl. assisted contracts | excl. assisted contracts | |
| State civil service | |||
| Ministries | 1973,5 | 0,3 | 0,3 |
| Public administrative establishments | 573,1 | 2,8 | 2,9 |
| Local civil service | |||
| Regions and departements | 450,1 | 0,2 | 0,3 |
| Communal sector | 1511,4 | -0,3 | 0,2 |
| Hospital civil service | |||
| Hospitals | 1056,1 | 0 | 0,1 |
| Médico-social establishments | 159,6 | -0,4 | 0,4 |
- (p): provisional data
- Scope: France, excluding Mayotte
- INSEE, Information System on Civil Servants (SIASP)
For more information
The Information System on Civil Servants (SIASP), produced by INSEE since 2009, records data on the employment and pay levels of civil servants in the three branches of the civil service.
For each civil servant, SIASP describes the nature of the job, the start and finish date for the pay period, the number of hours worked, the working conditions (full-time, part-time), the pay, etc. It integrates characteristic concepts and variables of the civil service, such as the status of the civil servant or their payment method (rank, level, index, etc.). Its aim is to ensure that concepts of employment conditions and income are consistent across the three branches of the civil service, as well as with the private sector. Based on individual data, it can be used to address cases of multi-activity and it is used as input data for the cross-section and panel “All employees” datasets (BTS). Civil servants of medico-social establishments whose place of work is affiliated with a hospital and is indistinguishable from that of the other hospital civil servants are included in the hospital workforce.
The scope of the civil service is comprised of legal entities and organisations subject to administrative law in which recruitment is made on the basis of public law. The delineation of each branch (FPE, FPT and FPH) is primarily based on the legal category of the employer. All definitions, concepts and boundaries of the three branches of the civil service are detailed in the SIASP entry of the "Sources and Methods" section on insee.fr.
Definitions
A civil servant’s main position on 31 December is the active and non-adjunct position which they occupy on this date (or the highest paid position if the civil servant holds multiple positions). A position is considered active if it generates a remuneration, and non-adjunct if the labour force and the corresponding level of pay are considered sufficient.
An assisted contract is a special type of employment contract, for which the employer benefits from aid, which may take the form of recruitment subsidies, exemptions from certain social contributions, or training assistance. The general principle is to reduce, via direct or indirect aid, hiring and/or training costs for the employer. Access to these contracts is limited to people experiencing particular difficulties with employment and their number is spearheaded by the public authorities. Assisted contracts do not include apprenticeship contracts.
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