The how and why of statistical classifications
Michel Boëda
Statisticians rely on coordinated classifications to map the economic and social sphere. They use regulatory classifications—chiefly because they are required to do so—and statistical classifications,...
Alain Desrosières
The classification of occupations and socio-occupational categories has been used in France for over half a century to study social groups and describe jobs. The system, known as PCS, combines status,...
Cécile Brousse
The International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) focuses on the “tasks and duties undertaken in the job.” This approach differs substantially from the concepts underlying the definition...
The International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) in the European Union
Jérémie Torterat
The revision of the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) offers the European Union an opportunity to harmonize its employment statistics. Despite their efforts, however, Eurosta...
ESeC: the European Union's Socio-economic Classification project
Cécile Brousse
The European Socio-economic Classification (ESeC) project—one of the European Union’s harmonization initiatives—is based on the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO). Inspired by...
Thierry Lacroix
Modernization and international comparability were the two main goals of France’s in-depth revision of its classifications of activities and products, whose tangible result was the introduction of NAF...
Conceptual revision and main structural changes
Michel Lacroix and Marie-Madeleine Fuger
In 1997, the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC)2 was tested by the arrival of the new, highly innovative North American Industry Classification System (...
The aggregated classifications of NAF Rev. 2
Chantal Madinier
France's new classification of activities, NAF Rev. 2, comprises five perfectly nested levels. However, at the international level, aggregated classifications have become necessary for preparing certa...
The seven steps needed for good-quality backcasting
Christine Pinel
The new version of the French classification of activities, NAF Rev. 2, has become the benchmark classification for structural business statistics. To accompany the change, INSEE has developed a metho...
Statistical uses of classifications: constraints and examples
Jean Lienhardt
Classifications play an essential role in statisticians' everyday activity. In particular, classifications of activities and products have many practical uses—often implicit—in statistical operations....
Patrice Roussel
The paradox of the NAF classification is that, although unfamiliar to the general public, it serves to determine a wellknown number in the business world: the APE statistical code, which designates th...
Informing the public about classification changes
Véronique Dutrech
The revision of the classifications of activities and products is a useful, coordinated project undertaken as part of an international initiative. It entails a change in the activity code (APE) for en...
Network of main economic classifications
Thierry Lacroix
Network of main economic classifications...
Thierry Lacroix
Main abbreviations used...
The 21 sections and 88 divisions of the new French classifications of activities (NAF Rev.2)
Michel Lacroix
The 21 sections and 88 divisions of the new French classifications of activities (NAF Rev.2)...